Gene expression in primed and chemically reset (cR) naïve human iPSCs, and naïve-converted cells after co-culture with mouse embryonic stem cells
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE216338 | GEO | 2024/08/08
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Gene expression in primed and chemically reset (cR) naïve human iPSCs, and naïve-converted cells after co-culture with mouse embryonic stem cells
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Project description:Several groups have reported the existence of a form of pluripotency that resembles that of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), i.e., a naïve state, in human pluripotent stem cells; however, the characteristics vary between reports. The nuclear receptor ESRRB is expressed in mESCs and plays a significant role in their self-renewal, but its expression has not been observed in most naïve-like human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). In this study, we modified several methods for converting hiPSCs into a naïve state through the transgenic expression of several reprogramming factors. The resulting cells express the components of the core transcriptional network of mESCs, including ESRRB, at high levels, which suggests the existence of naïve-state hiPSCs that are similar to mESCs. We also demonstrate that these cells differentiate more readily into neural cells than do conventional hiPSCs. These features may be beneficial for their use in disease modeling and regenerative medicine.
2017-11-20 | GSE104583 | GEO
Project description:Cr(III) is the dominant toxicant at some Superfund sites within the United States and therefore we are interested in its effects. Cr(III)’s mechanisms are not well studied or understood because of its low bioavailability. We have attempted to characterize the effects of Cr(III) on gene expression in the liver of adult male Fundulus heteroclitus. The NOEC and LOEC were determined at 32 and 64mg/L, respectively, by measuring growth after exposing juveniles for 30 days. Secondary exposures were performed with adult males at 32mg/L, livers excised, and RNA extracted. Microarrays were probed with cDNA from untreated or Cr(III)-exposed adult fish and gene expression was quantified. Cr(III) at 32mg/L altered the expression of 5 genes, including GSTalpha, GSTtheta, and ALDH4. Ultimately, we anticipate using this gene expression information to determine whether chromium is available at potentially adverse concentrations in contaminated sites. Keywords: dose response
2005-07-15 | GSE2807 | GEO
Project description:Cr(VI) is a common bioavailable toxic metal that can cause oxidative stress, DNA adducts, and perturb normal gene expression. Changes in gene expression are useful biomarkers of toxicant exposure that provide information about the health of an organism, its ability to adapt to its environment, and indicate potential toxicant-specific effects. Therefore, we developed a toxicology array to the estuarine sentinel species Fundulus heteroclitus, or mummichog. Juvenile mummichog were exposed to potassium dichromate for thirty days at concentrations from 0 to 24 mg/L of Cr(VI), and growth was measured to determine the NOEC (1.5 mg/L or 0.0288 mM) and LOEC (3 mg/L or 0.0577 mM). Body burdens from Cr(VI) exposed fish demonstrated a dose dependent increase and were inversely correlated to body weight. Cr(VI)-exposed juvenile mummichog differentially expressed greater than 20 genes in a dose-dependent manner, including hepatic glucose transporter 2, liver fatty acid binding protein, ATPase synthase 8, type II keratin, TBT binding protein, and complement component C3-2. Many of these genes are involved in energy metabolism or growth, which is consistent with the reduced growth caused by Cr(VI). Keywords: dose response
2006-03-31 | GSE3481 | GEO
Project description:Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a highly toxic contaminant, some bacteria are able to transform it to less toxic and less soluble trivalent chromium (Cr(III)). Klebsiella sp. strain AqSCr, isolated from Cr(VI)-polluted groundwater, reduces Cr(VI) both aerobically and anaerobically, and resists up 35 mM of Cr(VI); Subculturing of AqSCr in the presence of Cr(VI) conduces to adaptation. In this study, we performed RNA-Seq of Cr(VI) adapted stage, finding 255 genes upregulated and 240 downregulated with respect to controls without Cr(VI). Genes differentially expressed are mostly associated with oxidative stress response, DNA repair and replication, sulfur starvation response, envelope-osmotic stress response, fatty acid metabolism, ribosomal subunits and energy metabolism. Among them, genes not previously associated with chromium resistance as cybB, encoding a putative superoxide oxidase, gltA2, encoding an alternative citrate synthase, and des, encoding a fatty acid desaturase were upregulated. The alternative sigma factors fecl, rpoE and rpoS were upredgulated in Cr(VI) adapted cells, then they participate in orchestate the Cr(VI)-resistance mechanisms in AqSCr strain
2021-05-20 | GSE160968 | GEO
Project description:The establishment of in vitro naïve human pluripotent stem cell cultures opened new perspectives for the study of early events in human development. The role of several transcription factors and signalling pathways during maintenance of human naïve pluripotency have been characterized. However, little is known about the role exerted by the extracellular matrix (ECM) and its three-dimensional (3D) organization. Here, using an unbiased and integrated approach combining transcriptional, proteomic and secretome analyses, we found that naïve, but not primed, hiPSC colonies are characterized by a self-organized ECM-rich microenvironment. Based on this, we developed a 3D culture system that supports robust long-term feeder-free self-renewal of naïve hiPSCs, and also allows direct and timely developmental morphogenesis simply by modulating the signalling environment. Our study opens new perspectives for future applications of naïve hiPSCs to study critical stages of human development in 3D starting from a single cell.
2023-02-20 | GSE213024 | GEO
Project description:The establishment of in vitro naïve human pluripotent stem cell cultures opened new perspectives for the study of early events in human development. In the last 5 years the signalling environment promoting human naïve pluripotency has been extensively investigated. However, little is known about the role exerted by the extracellular matrix and three-dimensional organization in naïve maintenance. Here, by using an unbiased and integrated approach we found that naïve, but not primed, hiPSC colonies are characterized by an extracellular matrix-rich microenvironment, and by a specific extracellular matrix fingerprint at transcriptional, proteomic and secretome levels. Based on this, we developed a 3D culture system which supports robust long-term feeder-free expansion of naïve hiPSCs. In this same 3D ECM-rich environment, we can recapitulate timely developmental morphogenesis simply by modulating the signalling environment. Our study opens new perspectives for future applications of naïve hiPSCs to study critical stages of human development in three-dimensions starting from a single cell.
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