Effect of stroke on the transcriptome of lamina propria macrophages in the small intestines
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ABSTRACT: To investigate the effect of stroke on the trasnscriptome of intestinal lamina propria macrophages, mice underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) or sham surgery for 24 hours
Project description:To investigate the effect of stroke on the trasnscriptome of intestinal muscularis macrophages, mice underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) or sham surgery for 24 hours
Project description:To investigate the effect of stroke on the transcriptome of intestinal epithelial cells, mice underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) or sham surgery for 24 hours
Project description:Background: Tumor necrosis factor, which exists both as a soluble (solTNF) and a transmembrane (tmTNF) protein, plays an important role in post-stroke inflammation. The objective of the present study was to test the effect of topical versus intracerebroventricular administration of XPro1595 (a solTNF inhibitor) and etanercept (a solTNF and tmTNF inhibitor) compared to saline on output measures such as infarct volume and post-stroke inflammation in mice. Methods: Adult male C57BL/6 mice were treated topically (2.5 mg/ml/1µl/hr for 3 consecutive days) or intracerebroventricularly (1.25 mg/kg/0.5 ml, once) with saline, XPro1595, or etanercept immediately after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). Mice were allowed to survive 1 or 3 days. Infarct volume, microglial and leukocyte profiles, and inflammatory markers were evaluated. Results: We found that topical, and not intracerebroventricular, administration of XPro1595 reduced infarct volume at both 1 day and 3 days after pMCAO. Etanercept showed no effect. We observed no changes in microglial or leukocyte populations. XPro1595 increased gene expression of P2ry12 at 1 day and Trem2 at 1 and 3 days, while decreasing Cx3cr1 expression at 1 and 3 days after pMCAO, suggesting a change in microglial activation towards a phagocytic phenotype. Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that topical administration of XPro1595 for three consecutive days decreases infarct volumes after ischemic stroke, while modifying microglial activation and the inflammatory response post-stroke. This suggests that inhibitors of solTNF hold great promise for future neuroprotective treatment in ischemic stroke.
Project description:Neuroprotection has not been successfully translated from animals to humans, and controversies persist about the suitability of animal models for the evaluation of putative stroke therapies. Of these, many appear to be less effective in mice as compared with rats. We hypothesized that this may be due to fundamental interspecies differences in stroke response. Whole-genome microarrays were used to examine differential gene regulation in the ischemic penumbra of mice and rats 2hrs and 6hrs after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO). The differentially expressed genes in the ischemic penumbra at each time point were compared between the two species.
Project description:Genetic deletion of transmembrane prolyl-4-hydroxylase (P4H-TM) in mice leads to increased inflammatory microgliosis and neutrophil infiltration in the cortex after permanent midle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO)
Project description:A drug currently efficient for cerebral stroke therapy is Semax, a synthetic peptide bearing a fragment of ACTH (4â7) and the C-terminal tripeptide Pro-Gly-Pro (PGP) was included to ensure resistance to peptidases.The genome-wide expression changes induced by Semax and PGP in rat brain cortex tissues damaged by focal ischemia were studied using the genome-wide RatRef-12 Expression BeadChip (Illumina, USA), which contains 22,226 genes, according to NCBI. We compared the biochip data obtained at 3 h and 24 h after permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAO) in each of the three groups (âischemia,â âischemia + Semax,â and âischemia + PGPâ). The transcriptome profiles were examined at 24 h vs. 3 h after pMCAO in rats that produced ischemic cortical injury and in rats with the same injury treated with Semax or PGP.
Project description:To further delineate tPA functions in the blood, we examined the gene expression profiles induced by tPA in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to: 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO); a permanent-MCAO; or were used as controls. tPA was administered to half of the rats in each group at 3hours. Whole blood was drawn at 24 hours, and isolated RNA levels measured on Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 GeneChip microarrays to examine the entire RNA transcriptome. 42 samples, 7 groups in total ( 2 treatmented disease, 2 untreated disease, and 3 control groups), each group had 6 replicates
Project description:To further delineate tPA functions in the blood, we examined the gene expression profiles induced by tPA in a rat model of ischemic stroke. Forty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to: 2 hours of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO); a permanent-MCAO; or were used as controls. tPA was administered to half of the rats in each group at 3hours. Whole blood was drawn at 24 hours, and isolated RNA levels measured on Affymetrix Rat Genome 230 2.0 GeneChip microarrays to examine the entire RNA transcriptome.
Project description:To analyze gene expression we isolated total mRNA from the core, periinfarct and contralateral cortex of 60 sprague-dawley rats after 24 hours or 3 days of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (pMCAo). Also ipsilateral and contralateral cortex was obtained from sham-operated and healthy animals. A total of 44 microarrays were performed with RNA pooled from 3 independent animals. For each experimental condition the total n number is of 12. Microarray analysis of different areas of the rat brain (core, periinfarct and contralateral cortex) after 24h and 3days of permanent ischemia