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Regulatory variants of blood pressure genes (Omni-C)

ABSTRACT: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified blood pressure-related loci, but functional insights into causality and related molecular mechanisms lag behind. We functionally characterize 4608 genetic variants in linkage with blood pressure loci in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and cardiomyocytes (CMs) by massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs). Regulatory variants are in non-conserved loci, enriched in repeats, and alter trait-relevant transcription factor binding sites. Higher-order genome organization indicates that loci harboring regulatory variants converge in spatial hubs to control specific signaling pathways required for proper cardiovascular function. Modelling different variant allele frequencies by CRISPR prime editing led to expression changes of KCNK9, SFXN2, and PCGF6. We provide mechanistic insights into how regulatory variants converge their effects on blood pressure genes (i.e. ULK4, MAP4, CFDP1, PDE5A, 10q24.32), and cardiovascular pathways. Our findings support advances in molecular precision medicine to define functionally relevant variants and the genetic architecture of blood pressure genes.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE217358 | GEO | 2023/04/25

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Regulatory variants of blood pressure genes

Project description:Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified blood pressure-related loci, but functional insights into causality and related molecular mechanisms lag behind. We functionally characterize 4608 genetic variants in linkage with blood pressure loci in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and cardiomyocytes (CMs) by massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs). Regulatory variants are in non-conserved loci, enriched in repeats, and alter trait-relevant transcription factor binding sites. Higher-order genome organization indicates that loci harboring regulatory variants converge in spatial hubs to control specific signaling pathways required for proper cardiovascular function. Modelling different variant allele frequencies by CRISPR prime editing led to expression changes of KCNK9, SFXN2, and PCGF6. We provide mechanistic insights into how regulatory variants converge their effects on blood pressure genes (i.e. ULK4, MAP4, CFDP1, PDE5A, 10q24.32), and cardiovascular pathways. Our findings support advances in molecular precision medicine to define functionally relevant variants and the genetic architecture of blood pressure genes.

2023-04-25 | GSE213558 | GEO

Regulatory variants of blood pressure genes (Omni-C)

Project description:Regulatory variants of blood pressure genes (Omni-C)

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Trans-ethnic genome-wide association study identifies 12 genetic loci influencing blood pressure and implicates a role for DNA methylation

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Project description:Maps of open chromatin in a megakaryocytic (CHRF-288-11) and an erythroblastoid (K562) cell line using the formaldehyde-assisted isolation of regulatory elements (FAIRE) method. We profiled chromatin structure at 62 non-redundant genetic loci representing all known associations (as of November 2009, CEU population) with 11 cardiovascular traits: coronary artery disease (CAD), (early-onset) myocardial infarction (MI), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet counts (PLT), platelet signaling (PLS), white blood cell counts (WBC), red blood cell counts (RBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), hypertension (HYP).

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FAIRE-chip in CHRF-288-11 and K562 cells

2011-07-01 | E-GEOD-25716 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Regulatory variants of blood pressure genes

Project description:Regulatory variants of blood pressure genes

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CFDP1 regulates the stability of pericentric heterochromatin thereby affecting RAN GTPase activity and mitotic spindle formation

Project description:The densely packed centromeric heterochromatin at minor and major satellites is comprised of H3K9me2/3 histones, the heterochromatin protein HP1α and histone variants. In the present study we sought to determine the mechanisms by which condensed heterochromatin at major and minor satellites stabilized by the chromatin factor CFDP1 affects the activity of the small GTPase Ran as a requirement for spindle formation. CFDP1 co-localized with heterochromatin at major and minor satellites and was essential for the structural stability of centromeric heterochromatin. Loss of CENPA, HP1α and H2A.Z heterochromatin components resulted in decreased binding of the spindle nucleation facilitator RCC1 to minor and major satellite repeats. Decreased RanGTP levels as a result of diminished RCC1 binding interfered with chromatin-mediated microtubule nucleation at the onset of mitotic spindle formation. Rescuing chromatin H2A.Z levels in cells and mice lacking CFDP1 through knock-down of the histone chaperone ANP32E not only partially restored RCC1 dependent RanGTP levels but also alleviated CFDP1-knockout related craniofacial defects and increased microtubule nucleation in CFDP1/ANP32E co-silenced cells. Together, these studies provide evidence for a direct link between condensed heterochromatin at major and minor satellites and microtubule nucleation through the chromatin protein CFDP1.

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Interethnic comparability in blood pressure GWAS

Project description:We carried out a genome-wide association and replication study for blood pressure in a two-stage approach (max N = 289,038) with a discovery stage sample of 130,777 East Asian individuals, identifying 19 new genetic loci. We found a significant genetic heterogeneity between East Asian and European-descent populations at several blood pressure loci, conforming to “a common ancestry-specific variant association model”. At 6 unique loci, distinct non-rare (or common) ancestry-specific variants co-localized within the same linkage disequilibrium block despite the significantly discordant direction of effects for the proxy shared variants between the ethnic groups. The genome-wide transethnic correlation of causal-variant effect sizes is 0.898 and 0.851 for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, respectively. Some of the ancestry-specific association signals were also influenced by a selective sweep. Our results provide new evidence for the role of common ancestry-specific variants and natural selection in the occurrence of ethnic differences in complex traits such as blood pressure.

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CFDP1 is a neuroblastoma susceptibility gene that regulates transcription factors of the noradrenergic cell identity

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