Similar Datasets
Project description:Ex-vivo drug sensitivity screening (DSS) only provides a readout on mixtures of cells, potentially occulting important information on clinically relevant cell subtypes. Here we developed a machine-learning framework to deconvolute bulk RNA expression matched with bulk drug sensitivity into cell subtype composition and cell subtype drug sensitivity. We first determined that our method could decipher the cellular composition of bulk samples more accurately than current state-of-the-art methods. We then optimized an algorithm capable of estimating cell subtype- and single-cell-specific drug sensitivity, which we evaluated by performing in-vitro drug studies
2022-11-16 | GSE217919 | GEO
Project description:Ex-vivo drug sensitivity screening (DSS) only provides a readout on mixtures of cells, potentially occulting important information on clinically relevant cell subtypes. Here we developed a machine-learning framework to deconvolute bulk RNA expression matched with bulk drug sensitivity into cell subtype composition and cell subtype drug sensitivity. We first determined that our method could decipher the cellular composition of bulk samples more accurately than current state-of-the-art methods. We then optimized an algorithm capable of estimating cell subtype- and single-cell-specific drug sensitivity, which we evaluated by performing in-vitro drug studies
2022-11-16 | GSE217922 | GEO
Project description:Deconvolution of drug screening data delineates drug sensitivity of stem-like cancer cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
| PRJNA901398 | ENA
Project description:Deconvolution of drug screening data delineates drug sensitivity of stem-like cancer cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia [scRNA-Seq]
| PRJNA901407 | ENA
Project description:Deconvolution of drug screening data delineates drug sensitivity of stem-like cancer cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia [RNA-Seq]
| PRJNA901403 | ENA
Project description:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a polyclonal and heterogeneous hematological malignancy. Relapse and refractory after induction chemotherapy are still challenges for curing AML. Leukemia stem cells (LSCs), accepted to originate from hematopoietic stem/precursor cells, are the main root of leukemogenesis and drug resistance. LSCs are dynamic derivations and possess various elusive resistance mechanisms. In this review, we summarized different primary resistance and remolding mechanisms of LSCs after chemotherapy, as well as the indispensable role of the bone marrow microenvironment on LSCs resistance. Through a detailed and comprehensive review of the spectacle of LSCs resistance, it can provide better strategies for future researches on eradicating LSCs and clinical treatment of AML.
| S-EPMC9294245 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Functional precision medicine in AML often relies on short-term in vitro drug sensitivity screening (DSS) of primary patient cells in standard culture conditions. We designed a niche-like DSS assay combining physiologic hypoxia (O2 3%) and mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) co-culture with multiparameter flow cytometry to enumerate lymphocytes and differentiating (CD11/CD14/CD15+) or leukemic stem cell (LSC)-enriched (GPR56+) cells within the leukemic bulk. After functional validation of GPR56 expression as a surrogate for LSC enrichment, the assay identified three patterns of response, including cytotoxicity on blasts sparing LSCs, induction of differentiation, and selective impairment of LSCs. We refined our niche-like culture by including plasma-like amino-acid and cytokine concentrations identified by targeted metabolomics and proteomics of primary AML bone marrow plasma samples. Systematic interrogation revealed distinct contributions of each niche-like component to leukemic outgrowth and drug response. Short-term niche-like culture preserved clonal architecture and transcriptional states of primary leukemic cells. In a cohort of 45 AML samples enriched for NPM1c AML, the niche-like multiparametric assay could predict morphologically (p = 0.02) and molecular (NPM1c MRD, p = 0.04) response to anthracycline-cytarabine induction chemotherapy. In this cohort, a 23-drug screen nominated ruxolitinib as a sensitizer to anthracycline-cytarabine. This finding was validated in an NPM1c PDX model.
| S-EPMC9232632 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The impact of clonal heterogeneity on disease behavior or drug response in acute myeloid leukemia remains poorly understood. Using a cohort of 2,829 patients, we identify features of clonality associated with clinical features and drug sensitivities. High variant allele frequency for 7 mutations (including NRAS and TET2) associate with dismal prognosis; elevated GATA2 variant allele frequency correlates with better outcomes. Clinical features such as white blood cell count and blast percentage correlate with the subclonal abundance of mutations such as TP53 and IDH1. Furthermore, patients with cohesin mutations occurring before NPM1, or transcription factor mutations occurring before splicing factor mutations, show shorter survival. Surprisingly, a branched pattern of clonal evolution is associated with superior clinical outcomes. Finally, several mutations (including NRAS and IDH1) predict drug sensitivity based on their subclonal abundance. Together, these results demonstrate the importance of assessing clonal heterogeneity with implications for prognosis and actionable biomarkers for therapy.
| S-EPMC8669028 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundChemoresistance often limits the success of the pharmacological treatment in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients. Although positive results have been obtained with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), such as sorafenib, especially in patients with Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3)-positive AML, the success of chemotherapy is very heterogeneous. Here we have investigated in vitro whether the transportome (set of expressed plasma membrane transporters) is involved in the differential response of AML to sorafenib.MethodsThe sensitivity to sorafenib-induced cell death (MTT test and anexin V/7-AAD method) was evaluated in five different cell lines: MOLM-13, OCI-AML2, HL-60, HEL and K-562. The transportome was characterized by measuring mRNA using RT-qPCR. Drug uptake/efflux was determined by flow cytometry using specific substrates and inhibitors.ResultsThe cytostatic response to sorafenib was: MOLM-13>>OCI-AML2>HL-60>HEL?K-562. Regarding efflux pumps, MDR1 was highly expressed in HEL>K-562?MOLM-13, but not in OCI-AML2 and HL-60. BCRP and MPR3 expression was low in all cell lines, whereas MRP4 and MRP5 expression was from moderate to high. Flow cytometry studies demonstrated that MRP4, but not MRP5, was functional. The expression of the organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1), involved in sorafenib uptake, was MOLM-13>OCI-AML2?HL-60 and non detectable in HEL and K-562. Transfection of HEL cells with OCT1 increased the sensitivity of these cells to sorafenib, whereas inactive genetic variants failed to induce this change.ConclusionTogether with changes in the expression/function of receptors targeted by TKIs, the expression of plasma membrane transporters involved in sorafenib uptake/efflux may affect the response of leukemia cells to this drug.
| S-EPMC6033373 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Using ex vivo drug screening of primary patient specimens, we identified the combination of the p38 MAPK inhibitor doramapimod (DORA) with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) as demonstrating broad, enhanced efficacy compared with each single agent across 335 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient samples while sparing primary stromal cells. Single-agent DORA and VEN sensitivity was associated with distinct, nonoverlapping tumor cell differentiation states. In particular, increased monocytes, M4/M5 French-American-British classification, and CD14+ immunophenotype tracked with sensitivity to DORA and resistance to VEN but were mitigated with the combination. Increased expression of MAPK14 and BCL2, the respective primary targets of DORA and VEN, were observed in monocytic and undifferentiated leukemias, respectively. Enrichment for DORA and VEN sensitivities was observed in AML with monocyte-like and progenitor-like transcriptomic signatures, respectively, and these associations diminished with the combination. The mechanism underlying the combination's enhanced efficacy may result from inhibition of p38 MAPK-mediated phosphorylation of BCL2, which in turn enhances sensitivity to VEN. These findings suggest exploiting complementary drug sensitivity profiles with respect to leukemic differentiation state, such as dual targeting of p38 MAPK and BCL2, offers opportunity for broad, enhanced efficacy across the clinically challenging heterogeneous landscape of AML.
| S-EPMC9131911 | biostudies-literature