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Transcriptional response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to insulin

ABSTRACT: Background: In diabetes chronic hyperinsulinemia is responsible for the instability of the atherosclerotic plaque and stimulates cellular proliferation through the activation of the MAP kinases, which in turn regulate cellular proliferation. However, it is not known whether insulin itself could increase the transcription of specific genes for cellular proliferation in the endothelium. Hence, the characterization of transcriptional modifications in endothelium is an important step for a better understanding of the mechanism of insulin action and the relationship between endothelial cell dysfunction and insulin resistance. Methodology and principal findings: The transcriptional response of endothelial cells in the 440 minutes following insulin stimulation was monitored using microarrays and compared to a control condition. About 1700 genes were selected as differentially expressed based on their treated minus control profile, thus allowing the detection of even small but systematic changes in gene expression. Genes were clustered in 7 groups according to their time expression profile and classified into 15 functional categories that can support the biological effects of insulin, based on Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. In terms of endothelial function, the most prominent processes affected were NADH dehydrogenase activity, N-terminal myristoylation domain binding, nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity and growth factor binding. Pathway-based enrichment analysis revealed “Electron Transport Chain” significantly enriched. Results were validated on genes belonging to “Electron Transport Chain” pathway, using quantitative RT-PCR. Conclusions: As far as we know, this is the first systematic study in the literature monitoring transcriptional response to insulin in endothelial cells, in a time series microarray experiment. Since chronic hyperinsulinemia is responsible for the instability of the atherosclerotic plaque and stimulates cellular proliferation, some of the genes identified in the present work are potential novel candidates in diabetes complications related to endothelial dysfunction.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE21989 | GEO | 2010/05/26

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA127207

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: In diabetes chronic hyperinsulinemia is responsible for the instability of the atherosclerotic plaque and stimulates cellular proliferation through the activation of the MAP kinases, which, in turn regulate cellular proliferation. So far, it is not known, however, whether insulin itself could increase the transcription of specific genes for cellular proliferation in the endothelium. Hence, the characterization of the global pattern of transcriptional modifications in endothelium is an important step for a better understanding of the mechanism of action of insulin and of its defects in situations of insulin resistance. Methodology and principal findings: The transcriptional response of endothelial cells in the eight hours following insulin stimulation was monitored using microarrays and compared to a control condition. About 1700 genes were selected as differentially expressed based on their treated minus control profile, thus allowing the detection of even small but systematic changes in gene expression. Genes were clustered in 7 groups according to their time expression profile and classified into 15 functional categories that can support the biological effects of insulin, based on Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. In terms of endothelial function, the most prominent processes affected were NADH dehydrogenase activity, N-terminal myristoylation domain binding, nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity and growth factor binding. Pathway based enrichment analysis revealed âElectron Transport Chainâ and âMatrix Metalloproteinasesâ significantly enriched. Results were validated on genes belonging to âElectron Transport Chainâ pathway, using quantitative RT-PCR. Conclusions: As far as we know, this is the first systematic study in the literature monitoring transcriptional response to insulin in endothelial cells, in a time series microarray experiment. Since chronic hyperinsulinemia is responsible for the instability of the atherosclerotic plaque and stimulates cellular proliferation, some of the genes identified in the present work are potential novel candidates in diabetes complications related to endothelial dysfunction. Experiments were carried on human umbilical venous endothelial cells (HUVEC) to elucidate the regulatory aspects of insulin from dynamic gene expression data. HUVEC incubated with or without insulin were collected at times 0', 40', 100', 200', 340' and 440'. RNA was extracted and quantified for high-density oligonucleotide microarrays Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 GeneChip (Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA).

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Transcriptional response in human umbilical vein endothelial cells exposed to insulin

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