Similar Datasets
Project description:As ontogeny does not recapitulate phylogeny and little developmental restraint exists prior to gastrulation, early mammalian development differs significantly between species. A prime example is the temporal difference in the first emergence of extra-embryonic mesenchymal cells (ExMC) between mouse and human. Here, we report a fast and efficient in vitro cell model of human ExMC formation from induced pluripotent stem cells. This ExMC emerges from the apparent late blastocystic trophoblast. We define HAND1 as an essential regulator of ExMC specification, with HAND1 null cells reverting to the trophoblast lineage. Regulatory phenotyping defines primary target genes of, and primate-specific genomic regions bound by, HAND1. These data emphasize the nascent evolutionary innovation in early development relevant to human health but, through pleiotropy, also to later in life human biology. The novel findings that trophectoderm is a source of ExMC lineage and how recently evolved young transposable elements regulate this process emphasize the evolutionary novelties of our model to explore the primate embryogenesis.
2024-12-02 | GSE220840 | GEO
Project description:As ontogeny does not recapitulate phylogeny and little developmental restraint exists prior to gastrulation, early mammalian development differs significantly between species. A prime example is the temporal difference in the first emergence of extra-embryonic mesenchymal cells (ExMC) between mouse and human. Here, we report a fast and efficient in vitro cell model of human ExMC formation from induced pluripotent stem cells. This ExMC emerges from the apparent late blastocystic trophoblast. We define HAND1 as an essential regulator of ExMC specification, with HAND1 null cells reverting to the trophoblast lineage. Regulatory phenotyping defines primary target genes of, and primate-specific genomic regions bound by, HAND1. These data emphasize the nascent evolutionary innovation in early development relevant to human health but, through pleiotropy, also to later in life human biology. The novel findings that trophectoderm is a source of ExMC lineage and how recently evolved young transposable elements regulate this process emphasize the evolutionary novelties of our model to explore the primate embryogenesis.
2024-12-02 | GSE219291 | GEO
Project description:As ontogeny does not recapitulate phylogeny and little developmental restraint exists prior to gastrulation, early mammalian development differs significantly between species. A prime example is the temporal difference in the first emergence of extra-embryonic mesenchymal cells (ExMC) between mouse and human. Here, we report a fast and efficient in vitro cell model of human ExMC formation from induced pluripotent stem cells. This ExMC emerges from the apparent late blastocystic trophoblast. We define HAND1 as an essential regulator of ExMC specification, with HAND1 null cells reverting to the trophoblast lineage. Regulatory phenotyping defines primary target genes of, and primate-specific genomic regions bound by, HAND1. These data emphasize the nascent evolutionary innovation in early development relevant to human health but, through pleiotropy, also to later in life human biology. The novel findings that trophectoderm is a source of ExMC lineage and how recently evolved young transposable elements regulate this process emphasize the evolutionary novelties of our model to explore the primate embryogenesis.
2024-12-02 | GSE219290 | GEO
Project description:Origin of extra-embryonic mesenchyme points to evolutionary novelty in primate early development
| PRJNA911737 | ENA
Project description:Origin of extra-embryonic mesenchyme points to evolutionary novelty in primate early development [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA907858 | ENA
Project description:Origin of extra-embryonic mesenchyme points to evolutionary novelty in primate early development [ChIP-seq]
| PRJNA907861 | ENA
Project description:Origin of extra-embryonic mesenchyme points to evolutionary novelty in primate early development [scRNA-seq]
| PRJNA911734 | ENA
Project description:Smooth muscle guides the morphogenesis of several epithelia during organogenesis, including the mammalian airways. However, it remains unclear how airway smooth muscle differentiation is spatiotemporally patterned and whether it originates from transcriptionally distinct mesenchymal progenitors. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing of embryonic mouse lungs, we show that the pulmonary mesenchyme contains a continuum of cell identities, but no transcriptionally distinct progenitors. Transcriptional variability correlates with spatially distinct sub-epithelial and sub-mesothelial mesenchymal compartments that are regulated by Wnt signaling. Live-imaging and tension-sensors reveal compartment-specific migratory behaviors and cortical forces and show that sub-epithelial mesenchyme contributes to airway smooth muscle. Reconstructing differentiation trajectories reveals early activation of cytoskeletal and Wnt signaling genes. Consistently, Wnt activation induces the earliest stages of smooth muscle differentiation and local accumulation of mesenchymal F-actin, which influences epithelial morphology. Our single-cell approach uncovers the principles of pulmonary mesenchymal patterning and identifies a morphogenetically active mesenchymal layer that sculpts the airway epithelium.
| S-EPMC8889149 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The spreading of mesenchymal-like cell layers is critical for embryo morphogenesis and tissue repair, yet we know little of this process in vivo. Here we take advantage of unique developmental features of the non-conventional annual killifish embryo to study the principles underlying tissue spreading in a simple cellular environment, devoid of patterning signals and major morphogenetic cell movements. Using in vivo experimentation and physical modelling we reveal that the extra-embryonic epithelial enveloping cell layer, thought mainly to provide protection to the embryo, directs cell migration and the spreading of embryonic tissue during early development. This function relies on the ability of embryonic cells to couple their autonomous random motility to non-autonomous signals arising from the expansion of the extra-embryonic epithelium, mediated by cell membrane adhesion and tension. Thus, we present a mechanism of extra-embryonic control of embryo morphogenesis that couples the mechanical properties of adjacent tissues in the early killifish embryo.
| S-EPMC5465322 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Disabled-2 (Dab2) is an endocytic adaptor protein involved in clathrin-mediated endocytosis and cargo trafficking. Since its expression is lost in several cancer types, Dab2 has been suggested to be a tumor suppressor. In vitro studies indicate that Dab2 establishes epithelial cell polarity and organization by directing endocytic trafficking of membrane glycoproteins. Dab2 also modulates cellular signaling pathways by mediating the endocytosis and recycling of surface receptors and associated signaling components. Previously, two independent gene knockout studies have been reported, with some discrepancies in the observed embryonic phenotypes. To further clarify the in vivo roles of Dab2 in development and physiology, we designed a new floxed allele to delete dab2 gene.The constitutive dab2 deleted embryos showed a spectrum in the degree of endoderm disorganization in E5.5 and no mutant embryos persisted at E9.5. However, the mice were grossly normal when dab2 deletion was restricted to the embryo proper and the gene was retained in extraembryonic tissues using Meox2-Cre and Sox2-Cre. Adult Dab2-deficient mice had a small but statistically significant increase in serum cholesterol levels.The study of the new dab2 mutant allele in embryos and embryoid bodies confirms a role for Dab2 in extraembryonic endoderm development and epithelial organization. Experimental results with embryoid bodies suggest that additional endocytic adaptors such as Arh and Numb could partially compensate for Dab2 loss. Conditional deletion indicates that Dab2 is dispensable for organ development, when the vast majority of the embryonic cells are dab2 null. However, Dab2 has a physiological role in the endocytosis of lipoproteins and cholesterol metabolism.
| S-EPMC3924344 | biostudies-other