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Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE223172 | GEO | 2023/04/19

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (18S END-Seq)

Project description:Ribosome biogenesis is essential for protein synthesis in gene expression. Yeast eIF5B has been shown biochemically to facilitate 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation during late-40S ribosomal subunit assembly and gate the transition from translation initiation to elongation. But the effects of eIF5B have not been studied at the genome-wide level in any organism, and 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation is poorly understood in plants. Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 was found to promote development and heat-stress acclimation by translational regulation, but its molecular function remained unknown. Here, we show that HOT3 is a late-stage ribosome biogenesis factor that facilitates 18S rRNA 3’ end processing and is a translation initiation factor that globally impacts the transition from initiation to elongation. By developing and implementing 18S-ENDseq, we revealed previously unknown events in 18S rRNA 3’ end maturation or metabolism. We quantitatively defined new processing hotspots and identified adenylation as the prevalent non-templated RNA modification at the 3’ ends of pre-18S rRNAs. Aberrant 18S rRNA maturation in hot3 further activated RNAi to generate RDR1- and DCL2/4-dependent risiRNAs mainly from a 3’ portion of 18S rRNA. We further showed that risiRNAs in hot3 were predominantly localized in ribosome-free fractions not responsible for the 18S rRNA maturation or translation initiation defects in hot3. Our study uncovered the molecular function of HOT3/eIF5B1 in 18S rRNA maturation at the late-40S assembly stage and revealed the regulatory crosstalk among ribosome biogenesis, mRNA translation initiation, and siRNA biogenesis in plants.

2023-04-19 | GSE223167 | GEO

Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (RNA-Seq)

2023-04-19 | GSE223169 | GEO

Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (miRNA-Seq)

2023-04-19 | GSE223171 | GEO

Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (Ribo-Seq)

2023-04-19 | GSE223168 | GEO

Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation

Project description:Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation

| PRJNA925159 | ENA

Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (18S END-Seq)

Project description:Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (18S END-Seq)

| PRJNA925169 | ENA

Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (RNA-Seq)

Project description:Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (RNA-Seq)

| PRJNA925171 | ENA

Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (Ribo-Seq)

Project description:Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (Ribo-Seq)

| PRJNA925168 | ENA

Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (miRNA-Seq)

Project description:Arabidopsis HOT3/eIF5B1 constrains rRNA RNAi by facilitating 18S rRNA maturation during translation initiation (miRNA-Seq)

| PRJNA925170 | ENA

Ribosomal 18S rRNA base pairs with mRNA during eukaryotic translation initiation.

Project description:Eukaryotic mRNAs often contain a Kozak sequence that helps tether the ribosome to the AUG start codon. The mRNA of histone H4 (h4) does not undergo classical ribosome scanning but has evolved a specific tethering mechanism. The cryo-EM structure of the rabbit ribosome complex with mouse h4 shows that the mRNA forms a folded, repressive structure at the mRNA entry site on the 40S subunit next to the tip of helix 16 of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Toe-printing and mutational assays reveal that an interaction exists between a purine-rich sequence in h4 mRNA and a complementary UUUC sequence of helix h16. Together the present data establish that the h4 mRNA harbours a sequence complementary to an 18S rRNA sequence which tethers the mRNA to the ribosome to promote proper start codon positioning, complementing the interactions of the 40S subunit with the Kozak sequence that flanks the AUG start codon.

| S-EPMC4999511 | biostudies-literature

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