The enhanced immune response of healthy individuals after vaccination with SARS CoV-2 inactivated vaccine, BBIBP-CorV
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE223213 | GEO | 2023/01/23
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The urgent approval of the use of the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine is essential to reduce the threat and burden of the epidemic on global public health, however, our current understanding of the host immune response to inactivated vaccine remains limited. We performed transcriptomics analysis on 20 SARS-CoV-2 naïve individuals who received multiple doses of inactivated vaccine and five SARS-CoV-2 recovered individuals who received single dose of inactivated vaccine. These data help us understand the reaction mechanism of the host's molecular immune system to the inactivated vaccine, and provide a basis for the choice of vaccination strategy.
2022-02-23 | GSE189263 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptomes of SARS-CoV-2 naïve and recovered individuals vaccinated with inactivated vaccine
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Project description:Vaccine development involves time-consuming and expensive evaluation of candidate vaccines in animal models. As mediators of both innate and adaptive immune responses dendritic cells (DCs) are considered to be highly important for vaccine performance. Here we evaluated in how far the response of DCs to a vaccine in vitro is in line with the immune response the vaccine evokes in vivo. To this end, we investigated the response of murine bone marrow-derived DCs to whole inactivated virus (WIV) and subunit (SU) influenza vaccine preparations. These vaccine preparations were chosen because they differ in the immune response they evoke in mice with WIV being superior to SU vaccine through induction of higher virus-neutralizing antibody titers and a more favorable Th1-skewed response phenotype. To evaluate if in vivo immunogenicity is reflected by DC reactions in vitro we studied the gene expression signature of murine bone-marrow-derived conventional DCs (cDCs) upon stimulation with WIV or SU influenza vaccine or, for reasons of comparison, with live influenza virus. Dendritic cells stimulated with PBS served as a control. Gene expression analysis was performed on samples 4, 12 and 24 hours after the start of stimulation.
2015-02-13 | E-MTAB-3115 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Purpose: Construction of a SARSCoV2 vaccine TCR specific machine learning model using single-cell TCR technology sequencing Methods：PBMCs were isolated from peripheral venous blood of HLA-A2+ healthy donors. PBMCs were incubated with antibody cocktail and then RapidSpheres, then the magnet was applied and unbound CD8+ T cells were recovered from the supernatant. According to the above method of CD8+ T activation, CD8+ T cells specific for ancestral epitopes were obtained by stimulating with the corresponding mutant ancestral peptides. Activation-specific CD8+ T cells were labeled with tetramers-PE and CD8-APC and then sorted out by flow cytometer FACS Canto (BD). The following protocol describes surface protein staining with hashtag antibodies for protein detection outside of the single cell V(D)J signature barcoding technique for differentiating CD8+ T cells with different epitope specificities after mixing up samples. The following is the hashtag information corresponding to the ancestral epitopes of the mutant strains. B.1.1.7 corresponds to the ancestral epitope ORF1a 1707-16 , ORF1a 2225-34 , ORF1a 2230-38. B.1.617.2 corresponds to the ancestral epitope M 82-90 . B.1.617.3 corresponds to the ancestral epitope ORF1a 2240-49, ORF1a 3683-92 , and ancestral epitope S 2-11 of B.1.526.2 without labeled hashtag protein. Cell number and viability were checked after surface protein hashtag staining (cell viability > 80%). Then droplet-encapsulation single-cell sequencing experiments were performed, and 10,000 living single cells were loaded onto each of the Chromium Controller (10x Genomics). After droplet-encapsulation, single-cell cDNA synthesis, amplification and sequencing libraries were generated using Chromium Single Cell 5' Feature Barcode Library Kit (10x Genomics),Chromium The result showed the inactivated vaccine is less protective in older adults, who take longer to develop effective antibodies, and the TCR diversity of each epitope specific repertoire decreased in the elderly. In addition, we found inactivated vaccines could stimulate the proliferation of related B cells in the body, thereby reducing the diversity of BCR in the body. Compared with the young, the elderly is less likely to produce antibody related BCR clones and the same is true for TCR diversity. Conclusions: The result showed the inactivated vaccine is less protective in older adults, who take longer to develop effective antibodies, and the TCR diversity of each epitope specific repertoire decreased in the elderly. In addition, we found inactivated vaccines could stimulate the proliferation of related B cells in the body, thereby reducing the diversity of BCR in the body. Compared with the young, the elderly is less likely to produce antibody related BCR clones and the same is true for TCR diversity.
2023-01-13 | GSE191089 | GEO
Project description:Purpose:Comprehensively compared the adaptive immune response of SARS-CoV-2 inactivated vaccines in young and elderly. Methods:CD8+ T, CD4+ T and B cells were purified from PBMCs with EasySep Human positive/negative selection . PBMCs were incubated with antibody cocktail and then RapidSpheres, then the magnet was applied and unbound CD8+ T, CD4+ T and B cells were recovered from the supernatant. Briefly, the cells were stained with the corresponding CD8+ T, CD4+ T and B-cell antibodies for 30 minutes at 4°C in the dark, and the purity of the cells was detected separately by flow cytometry, and all could reach more than 95%. Total RNA was isolated from CD8+ T, CD4+ T and B cells of 3 young and older people using TRIzol Reagent (Invitrogen) (7-days post second vaccination dose) . RNA purity was checked by the NanoPhotomerer spectrophotometer (IMPLEN), and integrity was assessed using the RNA Nano 6000 Assay Kit of the Bioanalyzer 2100 system (Agilent Technologies). Then cDNA libraries were constructed using 0.1 µg RNA per sample with the NEBNext UltraTM RNA Library Prep Kit for Illumina (NEB) following manufacturer’s recommendations and index codes were added to attribute sequences to each sample. The clustering of the index-coded samples was performed on a cBot Cluster Generation System using TruSeq PE Cluster Kit v3-cBot-HS (Illumia). After cluster generation, the library preparations were sequenced on an Illumina Novaseq platform and 250 bp paired-end reads were generated. The result showed the inactivated vaccine is less protective in older adults, who take longer to develop effective antibodies, and the TCR diversity of each epitope specific repertoire decreased in the elderly. In addition, we found inactivated vaccines could stimulate the proliferation of related B cells in the body, thereby reducing the diversity of BCR in the body. Compared with the young, the elderly is less likely to produce antibody related BCR clones and the same is true for TCR diversity. Conclusions: The result showed the inactivated vaccine is less protective in older adults, who take longer to develop effective antibodies, and the TCR diversity of each epitope specific repertoire decreased in the elderly. In addition, we found inactivated vaccines could stimulate the proliferation of related B cells in the body, thereby reducing the diversity of BCR in the body. Compared with the young, the elderly is less likely to produce antibody related BCR clones and the same is true for TCR diversity.
2023-01-13 | GSE191088 | GEO
Project description:The time course of whole blood gene expression was measured after the fourth immunisation at month 6 in participants who had been randomised into vaccine or placebo group 1 of the clinical protocol HVTN087 - A phase 1 trial to evaluate the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of an IL-12 pDNA enhanced HIV-1 multi-antigen pDNA vaccine delivered intramuscularly with electroporation, with an HIV-1 rVSV vaccine boost, in healthy HIV-uninfected adult participants (NCT01578889).
2022-01-12 | GSE125019 | GEO
Project description:Oral vaccination would provide an easy and safe measure to prevent infectious diseases by facilitating mass immunization. We investigated the feasibility of oral vaccination with inactivated whole influenza virus (A/PR8/34). Oral vaccination of mice induced high levels of serum IgG and IgA antibodies specific to the homologous virus (A/PR8) as well as cross reactive to heterologous (A/California/04/09) and heterosubtypic viruses (A/Philippines/2/82). IgG1 isotype antibodies were found to be induced at significantly higher levels than IgG2a antibodies. These antibodies induced by oral vaccination exhibited hemagglutination inhibition activities. High levels of both IgG and IgA antibodies were induced in vagina and lungs. Mucosal IgA antibodies were also elicited in other sites including saliva, urine, and fecal samples. Orally vaccinated mice were completely protected against challenge with homologous or heterologous viruses, and partially protected against heterosubtypic virus. Importantly, high recall antibody secreting cell (ASC) responses were induced in spleen, indicating the generation of memory B cells by oral vaccination. The present study therefore presents new findings of cross-reactive antibodies at systemic and diverse mucosal sites, recall antibody responses, and cross-protective efficacies by oral vaccination, thus supporting a proof-of-concept that oral delivery of vaccines can be developed as an effective vaccination route.
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Project description:CoronaVac (Sinovac), an inactivated vaccine for SARS-CoV-2, has been widely used for immunization. However, analysis of the underlying molecular mechanisms driving CoronaVac-induced immunity is still limited. Here, we applied a systems biology approach to understand the mechanisms behind the adaptive immune response to CoronaVac in a cohort of 50 volunteers immunized with 2 doses of CoronaVac. Vaccination with CoronaVac led to an integrated immune response that included several effector arms of the adaptive immune system including specific IgM/IgG, humoral response and other immune response, as well as the innate immune system as shown by complement activation. Metabolites associated with immunity were also identified implicating the role of metabolites in the humoral response, complement activation and other immune response. Networks associated with the TCA cycle and amino acids metabolic pathways, such as phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism were tightly coupled with immunity. Critically, we constructed a multifactorial response network (MRN) to analyze the underlying interactions and compared the signatures affected by CoronaVac immunization and SARS-CoV-2 infection to further identify immune signatures and related metabolic pathways altered by CoronaVac immunization. These results help us to understand the host response to vaccination of CoronaVac and highlight the utility of a systems biology approach in defining molecular correlates of protection to vaccination.
2022-03-09 | PXD032127 |