Single nuclei sequencing to understand mechanism of action of the melanocortin 1 receptor agonist Pl8177 in Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colitis in rats
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ABSTRACT: PL8177 is a potent and selective agonist of the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R). PL8177 has shown efficacy in reversing intestinal inflammation in a cannulated rat ulcerative colitis model. To facilitate oral delivery, a novel, polymer-encapsulated formulation of PL8177 was developed and tested in dextran sulfate sodium induced rat ulcerative colitis model. Rats treated with 50 µg oral PL8177 demonstrated significantly lower macroscopic colon damage scores and improvement in colon weight, stool consistency, and fecal occult blood vs the vehicle without active drug. We used single nuclei RNA sequencing of colon tissues to characterize the mechanism of action and identify relative cell population and key gene expression changes between treated, healthy and vehicle.
Project description:Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) causes inflammation in the gut similar to ulcerative colitis in humans. Patients with ulcerative colitis have increased risk of developing colon cancer. We sought to determine whether genes altered in the normal colonic epithelium or tumor differed between sporadic and inflammation-associated tumor development.
Project description:Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) causes inflammation in the gut similar to ulcerative colitis in humans. Patients with ulcerative colitis have increased risk of developing colon cancer. We sought to determine which genes are altered in the normal colonic epithelium, and which changes depend on the Pirc mutation.
Project description:Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) causes inflammation in the gut similar to ulcerative colitis in humans. Patients with ulcerative colitis have increased risk of developing colon cancer. We sought to determine which genes are altered in the normal colonic epithelium, and which changes depend on the Pirc mutation. 97 day old (ACIxF344)F1 wild type and Pirc male rats either untreated or given 4% DSS in the drinking water from 40-47 and 54-61 days of age, housed in 12 hour light:12 dark, ad lib feeding. Normal colonic tissue was collected from the distal colon at 97 days of age.
Project description:Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) causes inflammation in the gut similar to ulcerative colitis in humans. Patients with ulcerative colitis have increased risk of developing colon cancer. We sought to determine whether genes altered in the normal colonic epithelium or tumor differed between sporadic and inflammation-associated tumor development. 97 day old (ACIxF344)F1-Pirc male rats either untreated or given 4% DSS in the drinking water from 40-47 and 54-61 days of age, housed in 12 hour light:12 dark, ad lib feeding and drinking conditions. Normal colonic tissue and tumors were harvested from the distal colon at 97 days of age. A two color, reference design experiment hybridized according to Agilent protocols against a reference pool of RNA made up from colon tissue taken from pooled wild type rats which was labeled with Cy5.
Project description:To clarify the pathological significance of CGRP in ulcerative colitis, we generated knockout mice for CGRPα and CGRPβ and analyzed colon proteome data from DDS drinking water ulcerative colitis model mice. In addition, to confirm changes in the colon over time, the colon of wild-type mice after DDS drinking was harvested over time and used for proteome data.
Project description:Ulcerative Colitis is an autoimmune inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation in the colon and the rectum. Althoung extensively researched, the underlying molecular mechanisms of Ulcerative Colitis remain elusive. Especially, there is a lack of understanding about regulatory non-coding miRNA expression during Ulcerative Colitis. Therefore, we performed high-throughput miRNA profiling of colon tissue biopsies from XX patients with active Ulcerative Colitis, XX patients with quiescent Ulcerative Colitis and XX Symptomatic Control individuals.
Project description:Ulcerative Colitis is an autoimmune inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic inflammation in the colon and the rectum. Althoung extensively researched, the underlying molecular mechanisms of Ulcerative Colitis remain elusive. Especially, there is a lack of understanding about regulatory non-coding miRNA expression during Ulcerative Colitis in a cell type-specific context. Therefore, we performed high-throughput miRNA profiling of Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS)-enriched CD66a+ and CD44+ colonic epithelial cell populations from colon tissue biopsies of 16 patients with active Ulcerative Colitis, 15 patients with quiescent Ulcerative Colitis and 17 Symptomatic Control individuals.
Project description:Genome wide miRNA profiling of ulcerative colitis, and normal colon mucosa samples. The GeneChip miRNA 3.0 Array was used to obtain miRNA profiles across colon mucosa samples. Samples came from 5 ulcerative colitis affected, and 5 normal individuals.
Project description:Objective: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of nicotine and anatabine in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model of ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods: C57BL/6 male mice (10 groups with 8 animals each) were orally administered nicotine at a concentration of 5 or 20 mg/kg body weight or anatabine at a concentration of 5 or 20 mg/kg body weight for a total of 21 days. Colitis was induced by oral administration of 3.5% DSS in drinking water ad libitum during days 14–21. Colonic samples were collected for transcriptomic analysis and multi-analyte profiling (MAP). Results: Oral administration of anatabine, but not nicotine, reduced the clinical symptoms of DSS-induced colitis. The result of gene expression analysis suggested that anatabine had a restorative effect on global DSS-induced gene expression profiles, while nicotine only had limited effects. Accordingly, MAP findings revealed that anatabine reduced the colonic abundance of DSS-associated cytokines and increased IL‑10 abundance. Conclusions: Our results support the reduction of inflammatory effects by anatabine in the DSS mouse model of UC.
Project description:Genome wide DNA methylation profiling of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and normal colon mucosa samples. The Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip v1.1 was used to obtain DNA methylation profiles across 482,421 CpGs in colon mucosa samples. Samples came from 5 Crohn's disease affected, 5 ulcerative colitis affected, and 12 normal individuals. One ulcerative colitis sample was assayed before and after treatment with infliximab and mesalamine.