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Cavefish Mount a Rapid and Sustained Regenerative Response Following Skeletal Muscle Injury

ABSTRACT: This study seeks to investigate the temporal, genome-wide response of skeletal muscle following cardiotoxin injection within the skeletal muscle of the Astyanax mexicanus – comprised of the river-dwelling surface fish and troglobitic cavefish – providing novel insights into the evolutionary consequence of skeletal muscle regernation.

ORGANISM(S): Astyanax mexicanus

PROVIDER: GSE223617 | GEO | 2024/07/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Liver-derived cell lines from cavefish Astyanax mexicanus as an in vitro model for studying metabolic adaptation

Project description:Cell lines have become an integral resource and tool for conducting biological experiments ever since the Hela cell line was first developed (1). They not only allow detailed investigation of molecular pathways but are faster and more cost-effective than most in vivo approaches. The last decade saw many emerging model systems strengthening basic science research. However, lack of genetic and molecular tools in these newer systems pose many obstacles. Astyanax mexicanus is proving to be an interesting new model system for understanding metabolic adaptation. To further enhance the utility of this system, we developed liver-derived cell lines from both surface-dwelling and cave-dwelling morphotypes. In this study, we provide detailed methodology of the derivation process along with a comprehensive biochemical and molecular characterization of the cell lines, which reflects key metabolic traits of cavefish adaptation. We anticipate these cell lines to become a useful resource for the Astyanax community as well as researchers investigating fish biology, comparative physiology, and metabolism.

2022-02-02 | GSE195950 | GEO

Astyanax mexicanus isolate:Pachon cavefish

Project description:Astyanax mexicanus isolate:Pachon cavefish Genome sequencing and assembly

| PRJNA533584 | ENA

Adaptation to low parasite abundance affects immune investment and immunopathological responses of cavefish

Project description:Reduced parasitic infection rates in the developed world are suspected to underlie the rising prevalence of autoimmune disorders. However, the long-term evolutionary consequences of decreased parasite exposure on an immune system are not well understood. We used the Mexican tetra Astyanax mexicanus to understand how loss of parasite diversity influences the evolutionary trajectory of the vertebrate immune system, by comparing river with cave morphotypes. Here, we present field data affirming a strong reduction in parasite diversity in the cave ecosystem, and show that cavefish immune cells display a more sensitive pro-inflammatory response towards bacterial endotoxins. Surprisingly, other innate cellular immune responses, such as phagocytosis, are drastically decreased in cavefish. Using two independent single-cell approaches, we identified a shift in the overall immune cell composition in cavefish as the underlying cellular mechanism, indicating strong differences in the immune investment strategy. While surface fish invest evenly into the innate and adaptive immune systems, cavefish shifted immune investment to the adaptive immune system, and here, mainly towards specific T-cell populations that promote homeostasis. Additionally, inflammatory responses and immunopathological phenotypes in visceral adipose tissue are drastically reduced in cavefish. Our data indicate that long-term adaptation to low parasite diversity coincides with a more sensitive immune system in cavefish, which is accompanied by a reduction in the immune cells that play a role in mediating the pro-inflammatory response.

2020-07-20 | GSE128306 | GEO

Evidence of Late Pleistocene origin of Astyanax mexicanus cavefish

Project description:Evidence of Late Pleistocene origin of Astyanax mexicanus cavefish

| PRJEB15867 | ENA

An epigenetic mechanism for cavefish eye degeneration

Project description:Coding and non-coding mutations in DNA contribute significantly to phenotypic variability during evolution. However, less is known about the role of epigenetics in this process. Although previous studies have identified eye development genes associated with the loss of eyes phenotype in the Pachón blind cave morph of the Mexican tetra Astyanax mexicanus1-6, no inactivating mutations have been found in any of these genes2,3,7-10. Here we show that excess DNA methylation-based epigenetic silencing promotes eye degeneration in blind cave Astyanax mexicanus. By performing parallel analyses in Astyanax mexicanus cave and surface morphs and in the zebrafish Danio rerio, we have discovered that DNA methylation mediates eye-specific gene repression and globally regulates early eye development. The most significantly hypermethylated and down-regulated genes in the cave morph are also linked to human eye disorders, suggesting the function of these genes is conserved across the vertebrates. Our results show that changes in DNA methylation-based gene repression can serve as an important molecular mechanism generating phenotypic diversity during development and evolution.

2018-05-01 | GSE109006 | GEO

Metabolic reprogramming underlies cavefish muscular endurance despite selective loss of muscle mass and contractility

Project description:We report the shift in skeletal muscle investment strategies of the Mexican cavefish following cave colonization

2022-12-31 | GSE196531 | GEO

Astyanax mexicanus strain:Pachon cavefish and Surface fish

Project description:Astyanax mexicanus strain:Pachon cavefish and Surface fish Transcriptome or Gene expression

| PRJNA183542 | ENA

Circadian rhythm disruption is associated with skeletal muscle dysfunction within the blind Mexican Cavefish

Project description:Circadian rhythm disruption is associated with skeletal muscle dysfunction within the blind Mexican Cavefish

2023-01-13 | MSV000091062 | MassIVE

Astyanax mexicanus

Project description:Pachon cavefish Astyanax mexicanus genome sequencing and assembly

| PRJNA734455 | ENA

Evolution of the eye transcriptome under constant darkness in Sinocyclocheilus cavefish

Project description:we report a transcriptome-wide comparative investigation between surface and cave species in Sinocyclocheilus. De novo transcriptome assemblies were performed on surface and cave species; then the Sinocyclocheilus contigs were annotated with Gene Ontology. RNA-Seq assays revealed reduced transcription of a series of visual phototransduction and retinal disease related genes in cave-dwelling species compared with surface species. Degeneration of the retina in Sinocyclocheilus cavefish might occur in a lens-independent way by the down-regulation of several transcriptional factors, which have direct roles in retina development and maintenance, such as crx, rorb and Wnt pathway members. Examination of 2 different eye samples in 2 Sinocyclocheilus species.

2013-03-31 | E-GEOD-40446 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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