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ASCL1 is activated downsrteam of ROR2/CREB signaling pathway to support lineage plasticity [RNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Lineage plasticity has been shown to be a form of therapy-induced drug resistance. In prostate cancer, androgen receptor (AR) pathway inhibitors have led to accretion of tumor relapse with loss of AR signaling and a shift from a luminal state to an alternate program. Although different genomic and epigenomic aberrations have been correlated with lineage reprogramming, the molecular and signaling mechanisms orchestrating the development of lineage plasticity under the pressure of AR-targeted therapies are not fully understood. Here, a survey of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) identified ROR2 as the top-upregulated RTK following AR pathway inhibition, which feeds into lineage plasticity by promoting stem cell-like and neuronal networks. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that ROR2 activates the ERK/CREB signaling pathway to modulate the expression of the lineage commitment transcription factor, ASCL1. Collectively, our findings nominate ROR2 as a potential therapeutic target to reverse the ENZ-induced plastic phenotype and potentially re-sensitize tumors to AR pathway inhibitors.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE224420 | GEO | 2023/08/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Enzalutamide (ENZ) is a potent androgen receptor (AR) antagonist with activity in castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC); however, progression to ENZ-resistant (ENZ-R) CRPC frequently occurs with rising serum PSA levels, implicating AR full length (ARFL) or variants (AR-Vs) in disease progression. To define functional roles of ARFL and AR-Vs in ENZ-R CRPC, we designed 3 antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) targeting exon 1, intron 1, and exon 8 in AR pre-mRNA to knockdown either ARFL alone, or ARFL plus AR-Vs, and examined their respective effects in LNCaP-derived ENZ-R, as well as M12 and 22Rv1, cells. ENZ-R LNCaP xenografts express high levels of both ARFL and AR-V7 compared to CRPC LNCaP xenografts. In particular, ARFL levels were ~20-fold higher than AR-V7. ENZ-R LNCaP sub-lines, derived by selection from the ENZ xenografts, also expressed uniformly high levels of ARFL and AR-V7 compared to CRPC LNCaP cells. In addition, both ARFL and AR-V7 are highly expressed in the nuclear fractions of ENZ-R-LNCaP. In ENZ-R LNCaP cells, knockdown of ARFL alone, or ARFL plus AR-Vs, similarly induced apoptosis, suppressed cell growth and AR-regulated gene expression in vitro, and delayed tumour growth in vivo. In 22Rv1 cells that are inherently resistant to ENZ, knockdown of both ARFL and AR-Vs more potently suppressed cell growth, AR transcriptional activity and AR-regulated gene expression than knockdown of ARFL alone. These data indicate the AR is an important driver of ENZ resistance, and while the contributions of ARFL and AR-Vs can vary across cell systems, ARFL is the key driver in the ENZ-R LNCaP model. AR targeting strategies against both ARFL and AR-Vs is a rational approach for AR-dependent CRPC. CRPC and ENZ-R LNCaP xenografts were generated as described in: Gleave, M.E., et al., Serum prostate specific antigen levels in mice bearing human prostate LNCaP tumors are determined by tumor volume and endocrine and growth factors. Cancer Res, 1992. 52(6): p. 1598-605.

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ASCL1 is activated downsrteam of ROR2/CREB signaling pathway to support lineage plasticity [RNA-seq]

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