Single cell ATAC-seq analysis of human dermal fibroblasts and human pluripotent stem cells
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ABSTRACT: Human pluripotent stem cells have two major pluripotent states, primed and naive, and the heterogeneity among cell lines in each pluripotent state remains a major unresolved problem. We showed that the overexpression of H1FOO-DD, which has a short expression period by fusing the destabilized domain to the maternal-specific linker histone H1FOO, together with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and LMYC in human somatic cells improves the quality of reprogramming to primed and naive pluripotency.
Project description:Human pluripotent stem cells have two major pluripotent states, primed and naive, and the heterogeneity among cell lines in each pluripotent state remains a major unresolved problem. We showed that the overexpression of H1FOO-DD, which has a short expression period by fusing the destabilized domain to the maternal-specific linker histone H1FOO, together with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and LMYC in human somatic cells improves the quality of reprogramming to primed and naive pluripotency.
Project description:Human pluripotent stem cells have two major pluripotent states, primed and naive, and the heterogeneity among cell lines in each pluripotent state remains a major unresolved problem. We showed that the overexpression of H1FOO-DD, which has a short expression period by fusing the destabilized domain to the maternal-specific linker histone H1FOO, together with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and LMYC in human somatic cells improves the quality of reprogramming to primed and naive pluripotency.
Project description:Human pluripotent stem cells have two major pluripotent states, primed and naive, and the heterogeneity among cell lines in each pluripotent state remains a major unresolved problem. We showed that the overexpression of H1FOO-DD, which has a short expression period by fusing the destabilized domain to the maternal-specific linker histone H1FOO, together with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and LMYC in human somatic cells improves the quality of reprogramming to primed and naive pluripotency.
Project description:Human pluripotent stem cells have two major pluripotent states, primed and naive, and the heterogeneity among cell lines in each pluripotent state remains a major unresolved problem. We showed that the overexpression of H1FOO-DD, which has a short expression period by fusing the destabilized domain to the maternal-specific linker histone H1FOO, together with OCT4, SOX2, KLF4 and LMYC in human somatic cells improves the quality of reprogramming to primed and naive pluripotency.
Project description:Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) generation is similar to somatic cell nuclear transfer in oocytes, and this procedure can be used to generate ESCs, which suggests the contribution of oocyte-specific constituents. Here, we show that the mammalian oocyte-specific linker histone H1foo has beneficial effects on iPSC generation. Induction of H1foo with Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4 (OSKH) significantly enhanced the efficiency of iPSC generation. H1foo promoted in vitro differentiation characteristics with low heterogeneity in iPSCs. H1foo enhanced the generation of germline competent chimeric mice from iPSCs in a manner similar to that for ESCs. These findings indicate that H1foo contributes to the generation of higher-quality iPSCs. This experiment was designed to investigate the similarity of global gene transcriptome profile among OSKH iPSCs, OSK iPSCs and ESC.
Project description:Naive and primed human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) provide valuable models to study cellular and molecular developmental processes. The lack of detailed information about cell-surface protein expression in these two pluripotent cell types prevents an understanding of how the cells communicate and interact with their microenvironments. Here, we used plasma membrane profiling to directly measure cell-surface protein expression in naive and primed hPSC. This unbiased approach quantified over 1700 plasma membrane proteins including those involved in cell adhesion, signalling and cell interactions. Notably, multiple cytokine receptors upstream of JAK-STAT signalling were more abundant in naive hPSC. In addition, functional experiments showed that FOLR1 and SUSD2 proteins are highly expressed at the cell surface in naive hPSC but are not required to establish human naive pluripotency. This study provides a comprehensive stem cell proteomic resource that uncovers differences in signalling pathway activity and has identified new markers to define human pluripotent states.
Project description:We report genome-wide distribution of linker histone variant H1foo and somatic H1s in mouse embryonic stem cells. We found that H1foo was mainly located at around transcriptional start site of genic area, positively correlated with the gene expression.
Project description:Linker histone H1 binds to the nucleosome and is implicated in the regulation of the chromatin structure and function. The H1 variant H1FOO is heavily expressed in oocytes and early embryos. However, given the poor homology of H1FOO among mammals, the functional role of H1FOO during early embryonic development remains largely unknown, especially in domestic animals. Here, we find that H1FOO is not only expressed in oocytes and early embryos but granulosa cells and spermatids in cattle. We then demonstrate that the interference of H1FOO results in early embryonic developmental arrest in cattle using either RNA editing or Trim-Away approach. H1FOO depletion leads to compromised expression of critical lineage-specific genes at the morula stage and affects the establishment of cell polarity. Interestingly, H1FOO depletion causes a significant increase in expression genes encoding other linker H1 and core histones. Concurrently, there is an increase of H3K9me3 and H3K27me3, two markers of repressive chromatin and a decrease of H4K16ac, a marker of open chromatin. Importantly, overexpression of bovine H1FOO results in severe embryonic developmental defects. In sum, we propose that H1FOO controls the proper chromatin structure that is crucial for the fidelity of cell polarization and lineage specification during bovine early development.
Project description:Pluripotent stem cells can give rise to the three embryonic germ layers and the characterization of their properties is crucial to exploit their therapeutic potential. Mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) are isolated and usually maintained in vitro in a primed state that resembles the post-implantation epiblast features. Furthermore, primed mESCs can be de-differentiated to a naive state that resembles the pre-implantation inner cell mass (ICM). Cell differentiation or genotoxic stress, among others, can alter DNA replication, which is a flexible process able to adapt to different cellular contexts. Here, we demonstrate that primed-to-naive mESC reprogramming triggers replication fork slowdown, increased fork asymmetry and a compensatory activation of dormant origins. Using iPOND (“isolation of proteins on nascent DNA”) coupled to mass spectrometry we have characterized the changes in replisome composition between naive and primed mESCs. Several DNA repair factors, including MRE11 nuclease, are enriched in naive mESCs forks, while factors involved in ubiquitin-dependent protein metabolism are enriched in primed mESC forks. We report that primed-to-naive mESC de-differentiation promotes recruitment of MRE11 to the forks in response to transcription-replication conflicts, underlying the DNA replication rewiring required for efficient mESC reprogramming.