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NAT10 mediated ac4C tRNA modification promotes EGFR mRNA translation and gefitinib resistance in cancers

ABSTRACT: The diverse RNA modifications play essential functions in gene expression regulation. Aberrant RNA modifications are frequently associated with cancers, while the underlying mechanisms and clinical significance remain poorly understood. Here we revealed that the ac4C RNA acetyltransferase NAT10 is significantly upregulated in esophageal cancers (ESCA) and associated with poor ESCA prognosis. In addition, using cancer cell lines, xenograft tumor models, Nat10 conditional knockin and conditional knockout mice, in vivo ESCA tumorigenesis model and chemical inhibition approaches, we uncovered the critical physiological functions of NAT10 in promoting esophageal cancer tumorigenesis and progression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, NAT10 depletion reduced the abundance of ac4C-modified tRNAs and significantly decreased the translation efficiencies of mRNAs enriched for ac4C-modified-tRNA decoded codons. We further identified EGFR as a key downstream target that facilitates NAT10’s oncogenic functions in promoting esophageal cancer progression. In terms of clinical significance, we demonstrated that NAT10 promotes esophageal cancer resistance to EGFR inhibitor gefitinib, and combination of NAT10 depletion and gefitinib treatment synergistically inhibits esophageal cancer progression in vitro and in vivo. Our data uncovered novel molecular mechanisms underlying esophageal cancer progression at the layer of mRNA translation control and provided molecular insights for development of effective cancer therapeutic strategies.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE225131 | GEO | 2023/02/16

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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N4-acetylcytidine modifies primary microRNAs for processing in cancer cells

Project description:N4 acetylcytidine (ac4C) modification mainly occurs on tRNA, rRNA, and mRNA, playing an important role in the expression of genetic information. However, it is still unclear whether microRNAs have undergone ac4C modification and their potential physiological and pathological functions. In this study, we identified that NAT10/THUMPD1 acetylates primary microRNAs (pri-miRNAs) with ac4C modification. Knockdown of NAT10 suppresses and augments the expression levels of mature miRNAs and pri-miRNAs, respectively. Molecular mechanism studies found that pri-miRNA ac4C promotes the processing of pri-miRNA into precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA) by enhancing the interaction of pri-miRNA and DGCR8, thereby increasing the biogenesis of mature miRNA. Knockdown of NAT10 attenuates the oncogenic characters of lung cancer cells by regulating miRNA production in cancers. Moreover, NAT10 is highly expressed in various clinical cancers and negatively correlated with poor prognosis. Thus, our results reveal that NAT10 plays a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression by modulating pri-miRNA ac4C to affect miRNA production, which would provide an attractive therapeutic strategy for cancers.

2024-01-01 | GSE223148 | GEO

NAT10-mediated mRNA N4-acetylation is Essential for the Translational Regulation During Oocyte Meiotic Maturation in Mice

Project description:Mammalian oocyte maturation is driven by strictly translational regulation of maternal mRNAs stored in the cytoplasm. However, the function and mechanism of post-transcriptional chemical modifications especially the newly identified N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) catalyzed by N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in this process are previously unknown. In this study, we developed a low-input ac4C sequencing technology—ac4C LACE-seq and mapped 8241 ac4C peaks at the whole transcriptome level using 50 mouse oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage. We profiled the mRNA landscapes of NAT10-interactions and ac4C modifications. The NAT10-interacted and ac4C modified transcripts displayed association with high translation efficiency in oocytes. Oocyte-specific Nat10 knockout wiped out ac4C signals in oocytes and caused severe defects in meiotic maturation and female infertility. ac4C LACE-seq results indicated that Nat10 deletion led to a failure of ac4C deposition on mRNAs encoding key maternal factors such as MAY2, ZAR1, BTG4 and cyclin B1 that regulate transcriptome stability and maternal-to-zygotic transition. Nat10-deleted oocytes had decreased mRNA translation efficiencies during meiotic maturation, partially due to the direct inhibition ac4C sites on specific transcripts. In sum, we developed low-input, high-sensitivity mRNA ac4C profiling approach and highlighted the important physiological function of ac4C in precise regulation of the oocyte meiotic maturation by enhancing translation efficiency.

2024-02-18 | GSE254288 | GEO

NAT10-mediated mRNA N4-acetylcytidine is Essential for the Translational Regulation of Oocyte Meiotic Maturation in Mice

Project description:Mammalian oocyte maturation is driven by strictly translational regulation of maternal mRNAs stored in the cytoplasm. However, the function and mechanism of post-transcriptional chemical modifications especially the newly identified N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) catalyzed by N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in this process are previously unknown. In this study, we developed a low-input ac4C sequencing technology - ac4C LACE-seq and mapped 8241 ac4C peaks at the whole transcriptome level using 50 mouse oocytes at the germinal vesicle (GV) stage. We profiled the mRNA landscapes of NAT10-interactions and ac4C modifications. The NAT10-interacted and ac4C modified transcripts displayed association with high translation efficiency in oocytes. Oocyte-specific Nat10 knockout wiped out ac4C signals in oocytes and caused severe defects in meiotic maturation and female infertility. ac4C LACE-seq results indicated that Nat10 deletion led to a failure of ac4C deposition on mRNAs encoding key maternal factors such as MAY2, ZAR1, BTG4 and cyclin B1 that regulate transcriptome stability and maternal-to-zygotic transition. Nat10-deleted oocytes had decreased mRNA translation efficiencies during meiotic maturation, partially due to the direct inhibition ac4C sites on specific transcripts. In sum, we developed low-input, high-sensitivity mRNA ac4C profiling approach and highlighted the important physiological function of ac4C in precise regulation of the oocyte meiotic maturation by enhancing translation efficiency.

2024-08-26 | GSE253976 | GEO

ac4C RIP-seq analysis of AGS cells upon NAT10 knockout.

Project description:N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), a conserved chemical modification in eukaryotic prokaryotes that is catalyzed by the N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) enzyme, plays a crucial role in promoting mRNA stability and translation. However, the biological function and mechanisms of NAT10-mediated ac4C in human cancer were poorly defined. In order to investigate the regulatory mechanism of NAT10 in gastric cancer, we performed ac4C RIP-seq(acRIP-seq) analysis in AGS cells with NAT10 knockout compared with control in two repeats.

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Lactylation of NAT10 promotes N4‐acetylcytidine modification on tRNASer-CGA-1-1 to boost oncogenic DNA virus KSHV reactivation

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2024-06-17 | GSE248740 | GEO

NAT10 modulates fatty acid metabolism of palmitate driven MCF7 in ac4C dependent manner

Project description:We show that non-toxic exogenous palmitate uptake in MCF7 cells promotes NAT10 expression and NAT10-dependent ac4C RNA modification. It was previously reported that NAT10 modulates the addition of ac4C on RNA transcripts in normal and cancer conditions. However, no study report the impact of NAT10 in palmitate driven cells. Here we performed RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (RIP-seq) in palmitate loaded MCF7 knockdown with NAT10 siRNA. Based on the pathways and enrichment landscape identified. We found that ac4C peaks of fatty acid metabolic genes including ELOVL6, ACSL1, ACSL3, ACSL4, ACADSB and ACAT1 were significantly decreased upon knockdown with NAT10 siRNA. Overall, our results revealed the impact of NAT10 as a regulator of fatty acid metabolism in ac4C-dependent manner

2022-08-03 | GSE210017 | GEO

NAT10 mediated ac4C tRNA modification promotes EGFR mRNA translation and gefitinib resistance in cancers

Project description:NAT10 mediated ac4C tRNA modification promotes EGFR mRNA translation and gefitinib resistance in cancers

| PRJNA934072 | ENA

NAT10-mediated N4-acetylcytidine of RNA Contributes to Post-transcriptional Regulation of Mouse Oocyte Maturation In Vitro

Project description:N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), a newly identified epigenetic modification within mRNAs, has been characterized as a crucial regulator of mRNA stability and translation efficiency. And NAT10 is the only known RNA acetyltransferase. In our study, we documented the down-regulated expression of both ac4C and NAT10 during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. NAT10 knockdown resulted in ac4C reduction and impaired mouse oocyte maturation in vitro. These results indicated that NAT10-mediated ac4C modification plays a critical regulatory role in oocyte meiotic maturation. We further performed high-throughput sequencing with NAT10-overexpressed HEK293T cells and NAT10-binding transcripts to investigate the genes modulated by NAT10-mediated ac4C modification.

2021-07-11 | GSE179429 | GEO

NAT10 promotes the progression of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by regulating ac4C acetylation of NFE2L3 and activating AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway

Project description:To determine the role of NAT10 in promoting the progression of ccRCC, we performed RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) and ac4C-modified RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (acRIP-seq) on four pairs of ccRCC tissues and their adjacent tissues. A comprehensive analysis of acRIP-seq and RNA-seq showed that the expression and acetylation levels of 199 transcripts were increased . We selected 11 candidate genes of interest and analyzed their acetylation levels. Since ac4C modification can improve mRNA stability, the 11 candidate genes were verified, and the results showed that only NFE2L3 mRNA levels decreased in 786-O cells and A498 cells after NAT10 stable knockdown , so we decided to study the mechanism of action of NFE2L3 in ccRCC.

2023-03-18 | GSE226863 | GEO

N4-acetylcytidine-dependent GLMP mRNA stabilization by NAT10 promotes head and neck squamous cell carcinoma metastasis and remodels tumor microenvironment through MAPK/ERK signaling pathway

Project description:N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is a posttransciptional RNA modification regulating in various important bioprocess. However, the role in human cancer, especially lymph node metastasis, remains largely unknown. Here, we showed NAT10, as the only “writer” of ac4C mRNA modification, was highly expressed in HNSCC patients with lymph node metastasis. High NAT10 levels in lymph node of HNSCC patients predicted poor overall survival. Moreover, we found the high expression of NAT10 was positively upregulated by NRF1 transcription factor. Gain and loss-of-function displayed that NAT10 promoted cell metastasis in mice. Mechanistically, NAT10 induced ac4C modification of GLMP and stabilized its mRNA, which triggered the activation of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway. Lastly, the NAT10’s specific inhibitor Remodelin could inhibit HNSCC tumorigenesis via 4-NQO-induced murine tumor model and remodel the tumor microenvironment, including angiogenesis, CD8+ T cell and Treg recruitment. These results demonstrated that NAT10 promoted lymph node metastasis of HNSCC via ac4C-dependent stabilization of GLMP transcript, providing a potential epitranscriptomic-targeted therapeutic strategy for HNSCC.

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