A Cellular Atlas of the Down Syndrome Brain Identifies Accelerated Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Senescence
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE225554 | GEO | 2023/09/14
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Gene expression of mandibular precursor from embryonic day 13.5 trisomic and euploid embryos from the Ts65Dn Down syndrome mouse model. Results provide insight into importance of non-trisomic genes in organogenesis.
2010-11-02 | GSE24554 | GEO
Project description:Gene expression of mandibular precursor from embryonic day 13.5 trisomic and euploid embryos from the Ts65Dn Down syndrome mouse model. Results provide insight into importance of non-trisomic genes in organogenesis. Total RNA isolated from mandibular precursor of 13 trisomic and 11 euploid E13.5 embryos.
2010-11-02 | E-GEOD-24554 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Down syndrome (DS), the most common genetic cause of intellectual disability, is associated with lifelong cognitive deficits. However, the mechanisms by which triplication of chromosome 21 genes drive neuroinflammation and cognitive dysfunction are poorly understood. Here, using the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS, we performed an integrated single-nucleus ATAC and RNA-sequencing (snATAC-seq and snRNA-seq) analysis of the adult cortex. We identified cell type-specific transcriptional and chromatin-associated changes in the Ts65Dn cortex, including regulators of neuroinflammation, transcription and translation, myelination, and mitochondrial function. We discovered enrichment of a senescence-associated transcriptional signature in Ts65Dn oligodendrocyte (OL) precursor cells (OPCs) and epigenetic changes consistent with a loss of heterochromatin. We found that senescence is restricted to a subset of OPCs concentrated in deep cortical layers. Treatment of Ts65Dn mice with a senescence-reducing flavonoid rescued cortical OPC proliferation, restored microglial homeostasis, and improved contextual fear memory. Together, these findings suggest that cortical OPC senescence may be an important driver of neuropathology in DS.
| S-EPMC10449487 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The effect of fluoxetine on the proteome of synaptic fractions of cerebral cortex tissue of male Ts65Dn mice was compared to the effect in euploid mice.
2024-05-21 | PXD048722 | Pride
Project description:A Cellular Atlas of the Down Syndrome Brain Identifies Accelerated Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cell Senescence
| PRJNA936175 | ENA
Project description:Background: Despite successful preclinical treatment studies to improve neurocognition in the Ts65Dn mouse model of Down syndrome (DS), translation to humans has failed. This raises questions about the appropriateness of the Ts65Dn mouse as the “gold standard” for DS research. Here we used the novel Ts66Yah mouse that carries both an extra chromosome and the identical segmental Mmu16 trisomy as Ts65Dn without the Mmu17 non-orthologous region. Methods: Forebrains from embryonic day 18.5 Ts66Yah and Ts65Dn mice, along with euploid littermate controls, were used for gene expression and pathway analyses. Behavioral experiments were performed in neonatal and adult mice. Since male Ts66Yah mice are fertile, parent of origin transmission of the extra chromosome was studied. Results: We mapped 45 protein coding genes to the Ts65Dn Mmu17 non-orthologous, among which 71-82 % are expressed during forebrain development. Several of these genes were uniquely overexpressed in Ts65Dn embryonic forebrain; this produced major differences in dysregulated genes and pathways. Despite these genome-wide differences, the primary Mmu16 trisomic effects were highly conserved in both models, resulting in several commonly dysregulated disomic genes and pathways. Delays in motor development, communication and olfactory spatial memory were present in Ts66Yah but more pronounced in Ts65Dn neonates. Adult Ts66Yah mice showed working memory deficits and sex-specific effects in exploratory behavior and spatial hippocampal memory, while long-term memory was preserved. These deficits were milder when compared to Ts65Dn mice. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that triplication of the non-orthologous Mmu17 genes significantly contributes to the phenotype of the Ts65Dn mouse and may explain why preclinical trials that used this model have unsuccessfully translated to human therapies.
2023-01-16 | GSE222355 | GEO
Project description:Dysregulation of Sonic hedgehog (SHH) signaling may contribute to multiple Down syndrome-associated phenotypes, including cerebellar hypoplasia, congenital heart defects, craniofacial and skeletal dysmorphologies, and Hirschsprung disease. Granule cell precursors isolated from the developing cerebellum of Ts65Dn mice are less responsive to the mitogenic effects of SHH than euploid cells, and a single postnatal dose of the SHH pathway agonist SAG rescues cerebellar morphology and performance on learning and memory tasks in Ts65Dn mice. SAG treatment also normalizes expression levels of OLIG2 in neural progenitor cells derived from human trisomy 21 iPSCs. However, despite evidence that activating SHH signaling rescues Down syndrome-associated phenotypes, chromosome 21 does not encode any canonical components of the SHH pathway. Here, we screened 163 chromosome 21 cDNAs in a series of SHH-responsive cell lines to identify chromosome 21 genes that modulate SHH signaling and confirmed overexpression of trisomic candidate genes using RNA-seq in Ts65Dn and TcMAC21 cerebellum. Our study indicates that some chromosome 21 genes, including DYRK1A, activate SHH signaling while others, such as HMGN1 and MIS18A, inhibit SHH signaling. Moreover, overexpression of genes involved in chromatin structure and mitosis, but not genes previously implicated in ciliogenesis, regulate the SHH pathway. Our data suggest that cerebellar hypoplasia and other phenotypes related to aberrant SHH signaling arise from the net effect of trisomy for multiple chromosome 21 genes rather than the overexpression of a single trisomic gene. Identifying which chromosome 21 genes modulate SHH signaling may also suggest new therapeutic avenues for ameliorating Down syndrome phenotypes.
2022-05-16 | GSE202938 | GEO
Project description:To understand the molecular basis of Down syndrome pathogenesis, we performed a transcriptome analysis of nine different tissues in Ts65Dn, an established mouse model of human trisomy 21. Ts65Dn mice have segmental trisomy of mouse chromosome 16 with ca. 128 genes at dosage imbalance (Reeves et al. 1995). The Ts65Dn mouse is widely used as a model for studies of DS because it is at dosage imbalance for the orthologs of about half the 284 Chr21 genes. Ts65Dn mice have several features that directly parallel developmental anomalies of DS. We compare here the expression of 136 mouse orthologs of Chr21 genes, 77 of which are triplicated in Ts65Dn, in trisomic and euploid mice. <br> <br> We designed a mouse cDNA expression array interrogating 136 mmu21 genes. RNA pools from four adult male Ts65Dn mice and four male euploid littermates were prepared from cortex and dissected from three to four month-old mice. Directly labeled first strand cDNA probes from nine different tissues were hybridized to the arrays in replicated hybridizations. A total of 446 genes that are not triplicated in Ts65Dn mice served as controls. These included 62 mmu21 genes from MMU10, MMU17, and non-triplicated portions of MMU16, plus 384 randomly distributed mouse cDNAs from the Unigene collection.
2004-04-23 | E-MEXP-102 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Endothelial progenitor cells were isolated from euploid and Down syndrome (DS) affected individuals. Gene expression was analyzed on total RNA extracted before or after infection with a human pathogen Bartonella hensaele. For euploid uninfected and infected cells, 2 biological replicates were performed. For DS isolated progenitors both infected and uninfected, a single microarray hybridization was performed. All hybridizations consists of three pooled samples each.
2010-01-12 | E-MTAB-312 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Persons with Down syndrome (DS) exhibit low muscle strength that significantly impairs their physical functioning. The Ts65Dn mouse model of DS also exhibits muscle weakness in vivo and may serve as a useful model to examine potential factors responsible for DS-associated muscle dysfunction. Therefore, the purpose of this experiment was to directly assess skeletal muscle function in the Ts65Dn mouse and to reveal potential mechanisms of DS-associated muscle weakness. Soleus muscles were harvested from anesthetized male Ts65Dn and wild-type (WT) colony controls. In vitro muscle contractile experiments revealed normal force generation of unfatigued Ts65Dn soleus, but a 12% reduction in force was observed in Ts65Dn muscle during recovery following fatiguing contractions compared to WT muscle (p<0.05). Oxidative stress may contribute to DS-related pathologies, including muscle weakness, which may be the result of overexpression of chromosome 21 genes (e.g., copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (SOD1)). SOD1 expression was 25% higher (p<0.05) in Ts65Dn soleus compared to WT muscle but levels of other antioxidant proteins were unchanged. Lipid peroxidation (4-hydroxynoneal) was unaltered in Ts65Dn muscle although protein carbonyls were 20% greater compared to muscle of WT animals (p<0.05). Cytochrome c oxidase expression was reduced 22% in Ts65Dn muscle, suggesting a limitation in mitochondrial function may contribute to post-fatigue muscle weakness. Microarray analysis of Ts65Dn soleus revealed alteration of numerous cellular pathways including: proteolysis, glucose and fat metabolism, neuromuscular transmission, and ATP biosynthesis. In summary, the Ts65Dn mouse displays evidence of muscle dysfunction, and the potential role of mitochondria and oxidative stress warrants further investigation.
2013-01-06 | GSE39159 | GEO