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Examining preharvest genetic and morphological factors contributing to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) shelf life

ABSTRACT: Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a highly perishable horticultural crop with a relatively short shelf life due to leaf senescence that limits its commercial value and contributes to food waste. Postharvest senescence varies with influences of both environmental and genetic factors. Preharvest genetic factors can be indicative of postharvest quality. Discovery of additional preharvest markers to assess lettuce shelf life is an important step towards increasing the efficiency of lettuce breeding efforts for improved shelf life. We selected and evaluated three romaine lettuces with variable shelf lives with the aim of identifying preharvest markers of lettuce postharvest shelf life. We evaluated leaf morphological characteristics for each of the three cultivars. To assess molecular indicators of shelf life, we used an RNA sequencing approach to construct transcriptomic profiles of two of the cultivars, a short shelf life (SSL) breeding line 60184 and a long shelf life (LSL) cultivar ‘Okeechobee’ at maturity. We identified 552 upregulated and 315 downregulated differentially expressed (DE) genes between the genotypes. We found that 27 % of the DE lettuce genes had an Arabidopsis thaliana ortholog characterized as senescence-associated, indicating that variable expression of senescence-associated genes (SAGs) could serve as a tool for preharvest markers of postharvest shelf life. Notably, we identified several SAGs and functional groupings with highly differential expression between the cultivars. This includes several jasmonate ZIM-domain (JAZ), jasmonic acid (JA) signaling genes, chlorophyll a-b binding (CAB) chloroplast-associated genes, and cell wall modification genes including pectate lyases (PL) and expansins (EXP). This study presented an innovative approach for identifying molecular markers for preharvest factors linked to postharvest traits for prolonged shelf. These genes could potentially be developed further as preharvest predictors of shelf life for lettuce breeding

ORGANISM(S): Lactuca sativa

PROVIDER: GSE226302 | GEO | 2024/02/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:A transcriptome analysis was applied on two peach (Prunus persica L.) cultivars with different sensitivity to low temperature regimes to identify cold-responsive genes that might be involved in tolerance to long low temperature storage. Peach fruit from ‘Morettini No2’ and ‘Royal Glory’, a sensitive and a tolerant, to chilling injury cultivars, respectively, were harvested at commercial maturity stage and allowed to ripen at room temperature (25°C) or subjected to 4 and 6-weeks of cold storage (0°C, 95% R.H.) followed by ripening at room temperature. Microarray experiments, employing the peach microarray platform (μ PEACH 1.0), were carried out by comparing harvested fruit against 4- and 6-week cold-stored fruit. The analysis identified 173 and 313 genes that were differentially expressed in ‘Morettini No2’ and ‘Royal Glory’ fruit after 4 weeks, respectively. However, the 6 weeks cold storage provoked a decrease in the total number of genes differentially expressed in both cultivars. RNA blot analysis validated the differential expression of certain genes showed in microarray data. Among these genes, two heat shock proteins (hsps), a putative β-D-xylosidase, an expansin, a dehydrin and a pathogenesis-related protein PR-4B precursor were induced during cold storage in both cultivars. The induction of hsps and the putative β-D-xylosidase appeared to be independent on the duration of postharvest treatment. On the other hand, transcript levels of lipoxygenase were quite constant during postharvest ripening, while a strong reduction or disappearance was observed after cold storage. A dehydration-induced RD22-like protein showed a reduction in the accumulation of transcripts during postharvest ripening independently on the temperature conditions. Overall, the current study shed some light on the molecular aspects of cold stress in peach fruit quality and identified some ripening and/or cold-induced genes which function need further elucidation.

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Examining preharvest genetic and morphological factors contributing to lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) shelf life

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