Effect of subchronic ototoxic (3,3'-iminodipropionitrile - IDPN) exposure on the vestibular ganglion of the rat.
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ABSTRACT: The response of the vestibular ganglion neurons to the stress or loss of their presynaptic hair cells (HC) is not understood. This understanding is necessary because the survival and functional competence of these neurons will determine the outcome of any intervention aiming at repair or regeneration of the HC. One existing observation is that of uncoupling of the synapse between the HCs and ganglion neurons following subchronic ototoxic exposure in rodent models. We here studied the expression response of the vestibular ganglion associated with this synaptic uncoupling.
Project description:The response of the vestibular ganglion neurons to the stress or loss of their presynaptic hair cells (HC) is not understood. This understanding is necessary because the survival and functional competence of these neurons will determine the outcome of any intervention aiming at repair or regeneration of the HC. One existing observation is that of uncoupling of the synapse between the HCs and ganglion neurons following subchronic ototoxic exposure in rodent models. We here studied the expression response of the vestibular ganglion associated with this synaptic uncoupling.
Project description:Pooled Immunoflourescent guided laser capture microdisection of calyceal vestibular primary afferent neurons (calretinin positive) and dimorphic-bouton vestibular primary afferent neurons (calretinin negative) were used for microarray expression profiling. Transcription analysis of each of these biologically diverse pools was completed.
Project description:Insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) has a central role in mammalian hearing and hearing loss. The auditory and vestibular systems form the inner ear and have a common developmental origin. During chicken early development IGF-1 modulates neurogenesis of the cochleovestibular ganglion but no further studies have been conducted to explore the potential role of IGF-1 in the vestibular system. In this study we have compared the whole transcriptome of the vestibular organ from wild type and Igf1-/- mice at different developmental times. RNA was prepared from E18.5, P15 and P90 vestibular organs of Igf1-/- and Igf1+/+ mice and the transcriptome analyzed in triplicates using Affymetrix® Mouse Gene 1.1 ST Array Plates.
Project description:Vestibular nuclei (VN) are critical for the processing of movement input, and motion-induced activation of VN neurons recapitulates MS-related signs. However, the genetic identity of VN neurons mediating MS-related autonomic and aversive responses remains unknown. Here, we identify diferent markers of glutamatergic vestibular neuronal populations using the RiboTag apparoach.
Project description:Insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) has a central role in mammalian hearing and hearing loss. The auditory and vestibular systems form the inner ear and have a common developmental origin. During chicken early development IGF-1 modulates neurogenesis of the cochleovestibular ganglion but no further studies have been conducted to explore the potential role of IGF-1 in the vestibular system. In this study we have compared the whole transcriptome of the vestibular organ from wild type and Igf1-/- mice at different developmental times.
Project description:The functional diversity of neuropeptides and/or their receptors may provide a complex means to modulate vestibular primary afferent neuronal function. The precise role of these neuropeptides in the physiology of the vestibular neuroepithelium is poorly understood. The vestibular caliceal afferent neurons when compared to the dimorphic and bouton afferent neurons have different functional properties. Immunofluorescent laser capture microdissection utilizing calretinin (calbindin 2, Calb2) antibodies allowed selective acquisition of these two primary afferent neuronal populations from the rat (Rattus norvegicus). After capturing the caliceal afferent neurons, as well as the dimorphic and bouton afferent neurons, microarray expression profiling was completed. Analysis of the resulting data revealed that there were 732 genes involved in synaptic/signaling, calcium binding/solute transport, and other. Of those genes, 52 were related to afferent modulation, including 21 genes representing neuropeptides or their receptors. The observed expression of 52 genes related to afferent modulation identified using microarray were confirmed using PCR from the Wackym-Soares normalized rat vestibular periphery cDNA library or by RT-PCR from fresh ganglia tissue. The majority of the neuropeptides and/or receptors were found to be expressed in both groups, although there were neuropeptides and/or receptors that were unique to the dimorphic and bouton afferent neuron pool. The expression of selected neuropeptides or their receptors was confirmed using immunohistochemistry in the crista ampullares. Our results suggest that the unexpected neuropeptide diversity and their differences in expression pattern could serve unique roles in the physiology of the vestibular neuroepithelium. Keywords: expression profiling, neuropeptides, vestibular neuroepithelium, calretinin
Project description:Medial vestibular nucleus (MVN) neurons were functionally classified by single-cell gene expression profiling. The transcriptional diversity across MVN neuronal subtypes was further examined by microarray analysis.