Saracatinib synergizes with enzalutamide to downregulate androgen receptor activity in castration resistant prostate cancer
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE229805 | GEO | 2023/04/20
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Saracatinib synergizes with enzalutamide to downregulate androgen receptor activity in castration resistant prostate cancer
| PRJNA956116 | ENA
Project description:Prostate cancer (PCa) remains the most diagnosed non-skin cancer amongst the American male population. Treatment for localized prostate cancer consists of androgen deprivation therapies (ADTs), which typically inhibit androgen production and the androgen receptor (AR). Though initially effective, a subset of patients will develop resistance to ADTs and the tumors will transition to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Second generation hormonal therapies such as abiraterone acetate and enzalutamide are typically given to men with CRPC. However, these treatments are not curative and typically prolong survival only by a few months. Several resistance mechanisms contribute to this lack of efficacy such as the emergence of AR mutations, AR amplification, lineage plasticity, AR splice variants (AR-Vs) and increased kinase signaling. Having identified SRC kinase as a key tyrosine kinase enriched in CRPC patient tumors from our previous work, we evaluated whether inhibition of SRC kinase synergizes with enzalutamide or chemotherapy in several prostate cancer cell lines expressing variable AR isoforms. We observed robust synergy between the SRC kinase inhibitor, saracatinib, and enzalutamide, in the AR-FL+/AR-V+ CRPC cell lines, LNCaP95 and 22Rv1. We also observed that saracatinib significantly decreases AR Y534 phosphorylation, a key SRC kinase substrate residue, on AR-FL and AR-Vs, along with the AR regulome, supporting key mechanisms of synergy with enzalutamide. Lastly, we also found that the saracatinib-enzalutamide combination reduced DNA replication compared to the saracatinib-docetaxel combination, resulting in marked increased apoptosis. By elucidating this combination strategy, we provide pre-clinical data that suggests combining SRC kinase inhibitors with enzalutamide in select patients that express both AR-FL and AR-Vs.
| S-EPMC10348659 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Effect of castration, bicalutamide, and enzalutamide on androgen receptor binding in Hi-Myc mouse prostate tumors
2015-10-01 | GSE62645 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this experiment was to compare the gene expression programs mediated by androgen/AR vs. constitutively active, truncated AR variants in castration-resistant CWR-R1 prostate cancer cells. Because constitutive activity of truncated AR variants can mask androgen/AR target genes, the androgen/AR transcriptional program was assessed by silencing the trucnated AR 1/2/3/CE3 variant with siRNA targeting AR exon CE3 and treating cells with vehicle (ethanol) or 1nM DHT. Similarly, because full-length AR activity can mask truncated AR variant target genes, the AR variant transcriptional program was assessed under castrate conditions by selectively silencing full-length AR with siRNA targeting AR exon 7, and comparing this profile with CWR-R1 cells transfected wtih siRNA targeting AR exon 1, which silences all AR expression (full-length and truncated AR variants). CWR-R1 cells were maintained under castrate conditions in long term culture in order to enrich for the population of cells harboring a 48kb intragenic deletion in AR intron 1. These late-passage CWR-R1 cells were electroporated with siRNAs targeting AR exon 1, AR exon 7, or AR exon CE3. Electroporated cells were seeded in RPMI 1640 medium containing antibiotics and 5% charcoal-stripped, steroid-depleted medium and allowed to recover for 48h. After this 48h recovery, electroporated cells were switched to serum-free RPMI 1640 with 1nM DHT or 0.1% ethanol (vehicle control) for an additional 24h prior to extraction of total RNA. Three independent biological replicates were performed.
2012-10-23 | E-GEOD-41784 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and second-most lethal cancer among men in the United States. The vast majority of prostate cancer deaths are due to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) â?? the lethal form of the disease that has progressed despite therapies that interfere with activation of androgen receptor (AR) signaling. One emergent resistance mechanism to medical castration is synthesis of intratumoral androgens that activate the AR. This insight led to the development of the AR antagonist enzalutamide. However, resistance to enzalutamide invariably develops, and disease progression is nearly universal. One mechanism of resistance to enzalutamide is an F877L mutation in the AR ligand-binding domain that can convert enzalutamide to an agonist of AR activity. However, mechanisms that contribute to the agonist switch had not been fully clarified, and there were no therapies to block AR F877L. Using cell line models of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), we determined that cellular androgen content influences enzalutamide agonism of mutant F877L AR. Further, enzalutamide treatment of AR F877L-expressing cell lines recapitulated the effects of androgen activation of F877L AR or wild-type AR. Because the BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ-1 was previously shown to block androgen activation of wild-type AR, we tested JQ-1 in AR F877L-expressing CRPC models. We determined that JQ-1 suppressed androgen or enzalutamide activation of mutant F877L AR and suppressed growth of mutant F877L AR CRPC tumors in vivo, demonstrating a new strategy to treat tumors harboring this mutation. RNA-seq profiles of prostate cancer cell lines to understand gene expression associated with enzalutamide treatment
2016-06-10 | E-GEOD-69896 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The goal of this experiment was to compare the gene expression programs mediated by androgen/AR vs. constitutively active, truncated AR variants in castration-resistant CWR-R1 prostate cancer cells. Because constitutive activity of truncated AR variants can mask androgen/AR target genes, the androgen/AR transcriptional program was assessed by silencing the trucnated AR 1/2/3/CE3 variant with siRNA targeting AR exon CE3 and treating cells with vehicle (ethanol) or 1nM DHT. Similarly, because full-length AR activity can mask truncated AR variant target genes, the AR variant transcriptional program was assessed under castrate conditions by selectively silencing full-length AR with siRNA targeting AR exon 7, and comparing this profile with CWR-R1 cells transfected wtih siRNA targeting AR exon 1, which silences all AR expression (full-length and truncated AR variants).
2012-10-23 | GSE41784 | GEO
Project description:The goal of this study was to determine how androgen receptor inhibition alters transcriptional programs in prostate cancer cells. LNCaP prostate cancer cells were grown in 10% charcoal-stripped serum (CSS) supplemented with 0.5 nanomolar dihydrotestosterone (DHT), in CSS without DHT modeling castration, with CSS + DHT but in the presence of 10 micromolar enzalutamide, or in CSS without DHT (castrated) and in the presence of enzalutamide for 72 hours. Analysis shows that androgen receptor target genes are reduced with castration, enzalutamide or the combination of castration + enzalutamide.
2022-05-12 | GSE202755 | GEO
Project description:We report that ßArrestin1 depletion inhibits androgen receptor function in canstration resistant prostate cancer cells. We used shcontrol and shßArr1 C4-2 cells for sequencing and analysed for androgen receptor regulated gene expression
2021-12-11 | GSE165168 | GEO
Project description:The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-inducible transcription factor that mediates androgen action in target tissues. Upon ligand binding, the AR binds to thousands of genomic loci and activates a cell-type specific gene program. Prostate cancer growth and progression depend on androgen-induced AR signalling. Treatment of advanced prostate cancer through medical or surgical castration leads to initial response and durable remission, but resistance inevitably develops. In castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), AR activity remains critical for tumor growth despite androgen deprivation. While previous studies have focused on ligand-dependent AR signalling, in this study we explore AR function under the androgen-deprived conditions characteristic of CRPC. Our data demonstrate that the AR persistently occupies a distinct set of genomic loci after androgen deprivation in CRPC. These androgen-independent AR occupied regions have constitutively open chromatin structures that lack the canonical androgen response element and are independent of FoxA1, a transcription factor involved in ligand-dependent AR targeting. Many AR binding events occur at proximal promoters, which can act as enhancers to augment transcriptional activities of other promoters through DNA looping. We further show that androgen-independent AR binding directs a distinct gene expression program in CRPC, which is necessary for the growth of CRPC after androgen withdrawal. LNCaP, C4-2B, or 22RV1 cells were cultured in hormone-free media for 3 days and then treated with ethanol vehicle or DHT (10nM) for 4h or 16h prior to ChIP-seq or RNA-seq assays. For siRNA transfection, cells were transfected with AR siRNA or control siRNA for 3 days prior to RNA-seq assays.
2012-10-02 | E-GEOD-40050 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed and second-most lethal cancer among men in the United States. The vast majority of prostate cancer deaths are due to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) – the lethal form of the disease that has progressed despite therapies that interfere with activation of androgen receptor (AR) signaling. One emergent resistance mechanism to medical castration is synthesis of intratumoral androgens that activate the AR. This insight led to the development of the AR antagonist enzalutamide. However, resistance to enzalutamide invariably develops, and disease progression is nearly universal. One mechanism of resistance to enzalutamide is an F877L mutation in the AR ligand-binding domain that can convert enzalutamide to an agonist of AR activity. However, mechanisms that contribute to the agonist switch had not been fully clarified, and there were no therapies to block AR F877L. Using cell line models of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), we determined that cellular androgen content influences enzalutamide agonism of mutant F877L AR. Further, enzalutamide treatment of AR F877L-expressing cell lines recapitulated the effects of androgen activation of F877L AR or wild-type AR. Because the BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ-1 was previously shown to block androgen activation of wild-type AR, we tested JQ-1 in AR F877L-expressing CRPC models. We determined that JQ-1 suppressed androgen or enzalutamide activation of mutant F877L AR and suppressed growth of mutant F877L AR CRPC tumors in vivo, demonstrating a new strategy to treat tumors harboring this mutation.
2016-06-10 | GSE69896 | GEO