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Tracking rare single donor and recipient immune and leukemia cells after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation using mitochondrial DNA mutations

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE234558 | GEO | 2024/08/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Tracking of donor and recipient immune and leukemia phenotypes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation using mitochondrial DNA mutations. [Tapestri]

Project description:Mitochondrial DNA mutations (mtDNA) enable deconvolution of donor- and recipient-derived single cell profiles. Here, we provide examples for sensitive donor-recipient deconvolution of peripheral blood and bone marrow ASAP-seq profiles in the context of incipient and overt AML relapse following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Further, using single cell DNA sequencing (Tapestri), we demonstrate co-evolution of mtDNA and somatic nuclear DNA mutations in relapsed CLL post-HSCT.

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Tracking of donor and recipient immune and leukemia phenotypes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation using mitochondrial DNA mutations. [ASAP-Seq 3]

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Tracking rare single donor and recipient immune and leukemia cells after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation using mitochondrial DNA mutations

Project description:Tracking rare single donor and recipient immune and leukemia cells after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation using mitochondrial DNA mutations

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Recipient and donor genetic variants associated with mortality after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

Project description:Many studies have suggested that genetic variants in donors and recipients are associated with survival-related outcomes after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), but these results have not been confirmed. Therefore, the utility of testing genetic variants in donors and recipients for risk stratification or understanding mechanisms leading to mortality after HCT has not been established. We tested 122 recipient and donor candidate variants for association with nonrelapse mortality (NRM) and relapse mortality (RM) in a cohort of 2560 HCT recipients of European ancestry with related or unrelated donors. Associations discovered in this cohort were tested for replication in a separate cohort of 1710 HCT recipients. We found that the donor rs1051792 A allele in MICA was associated with a lower risk of NRM. Donor and recipient rs1051792 genotypes were highly correlated, making it statistically impossible to determine whether the donor or recipient genotype accounted for the association. Risks of grade 3 to 4 graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and NRM in patients with grades 3 to 4 GVHD were lower with donor MICA-129Met but not with MICA-129Val, implicating MICA-129Met in the donor as an explanation for the decreased risk of NRM after HCT. Our analysis of candidate variants did not show any other association with NRM or RM. A genome-wide association study did not identify any other variants associated with NRM or RM.

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Engraftment of rare, pathogenic donor hematopoietic mutations in unrelated hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Project description:Clonal hematopoiesis is associated with various age-related morbidities. Error-corrected sequencing (ECS) of human blood samples, with a limit of detection of ≥0.0001, has demonstrated that nearly every healthy individual >50 years old harbors rare hematopoietic clones below the detection limit of standard high-throughput sequencing. If these rare mutations confer survival or proliferation advantages, then the clone(s) could expand after a selective pressure such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or chronic immunosuppression. Given these observations and the lack of quantitative data regarding clonal hematopoiesis in adolescents and young adults, who are more likely to serve as unrelated hematopoietic stem cell donors, we completed this pilot study to determine whether younger adults harbored hematopoietic clones with pathogenic mutations, how often those clones were transferred to recipients, and what happened to these clones over time after transplantation. We performed ECS on 125 blood and marrow samples from 25 matched unrelated donors and recipients. Clonal mutations, with a median variant allele frequency of 0.00247, were found in 11 donors (44%; median, 36 years old). Of the mutated clones, 84.2% of mutations were predicted to be molecularly pathogenic and 100% engrafted in recipients. Recipients also demonstrated de novo clonal expansion within the first 100 days after hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). Given this pilot demonstration that rare, pathogenic clonal mutations are far more prevalent in younger adults than previously appreciated, and they engraft in recipients and persist over time, larger studies with longer follow-up are necessary to correlate clonal engraftment with post-HSCT morbidity.

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Tracking of donor and recipient immune and leukemia phenotypes after allogeneic stem cell transplantation using mitochondrial DNA mutations. [Tapestri]

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Can a female donor for a male recipient decrease the relapse rate for patients with acute myeloid leukemia treated with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation?

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