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Project description:Epigenetic regulation of gene transcription may play a critical role in the onset of puberty. Previous studies have confirmed that methylation regulates gene transcription in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis during puberty initiation, but little is known about the regulation of DNA methylation on gene expression in the pineal gland. This study aims to screen pineal gland candidate genes related to the onset of goat puberty and regulated by genome methylation, to clarify the initiation mechanism of goat puberty and lay the foundation for improving goat reproductive performance. Pineal gland was collected from three female Anhui white goats during prepuberty (2.5 to 3.0 mo) and three during puberty (4.0 to 4.5 mo). Genome-wide hydrogen sulfite sequencing determined the DNA methylation profile, while RNA sequencing determined the transcriptome. The relationship between gene transcription and DNA methylation was determined by joint analysis. We found that there was no significant change in the whole genome methylation level of goat pineal gland before and after puberty, but the methylation pattern changed significantly, indicating that genomic DNA methylation of the pineal gland may be involved in regulating goat puberty initiation. Changes in DNA methylation patterns affected some pineal gland transcriptomes, while the transcriptional level of most genes was not affected by DNA methylation differences. Genes regulated by DNA methylation were mainly involved in metabolic processes, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and signaling pathways related to thermogenesis. The differential genes ATP5F1D, CACNB2, and PTEN were significantly regulated by methylation, and the difference multiples of LIN28B, GIP, OPN1SW, and DCC were the most significant, possibly involved in puberty initiation.
2024-11-14 | GSE234928 | GEO
Project description:Epigenetic regulation of gene transcription may play a critical role in the onset of puberty. Previous studies have confirmed that methylation regulates gene transcription in the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis during puberty initiation, but little is known about the regulation of DNA methylation on gene expression in the pineal gland. This study aims to screen pineal gland candidate genes related to the onset of goat puberty and regulated by genome methylation, to clarify the initiation mechanism of goat puberty and lay the foundation for improving goat reproductive performance. Pineal gland was collected from three female Anhui white goats during prepuberty (2.5 to 3.0 mo) and three during puberty (4.0 to 4.5 mo). Genome-wide hydrogen sulfite sequencing determined the DNA methylation profile, while RNA sequencing determined the transcriptome. The relationship between gene transcription and DNA methylation was determined by joint analysis. We found that there was no significant change in the whole genome methylation level of goat pineal gland before and after puberty, but the methylation pattern changed significantly, indicating that genomic DNA methylation of the pineal gland may be involved in regulating goat puberty initiation. Changes in DNA methylation patterns affected some pineal gland transcriptomes, while the transcriptional level of most genes was not affected by DNA methylation differences. Genes regulated by DNA methylation were mainly involved in metabolic processes, oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), and signaling pathways related to thermogenesis. The differential genes ATP5F1D, CACNB2, and PTEN were significantly regulated by methylation, and the difference multiples of LIN28B, GIP, OPN1SW, and DCC were the most significant, possibly involved in puberty initiation.
2024-11-14 | GSE234298 | GEO
Project description:Transcriptome and DNA Methylation Analysis of Goat Pineal Gland During Puberty
| PRJNA983745 | ENA
Project description:Transcriptome and DNA Methylation Analysis of Goat Pineal Gland During Puberty [Bisulfite-seq]
| PRJNA983757 | ENA
Project description:Transcriptome and DNA Methylation Analysis of Goat Pineal Gland During Puberty [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA980707 | ENA
Project description:The zebrafish pineal gland (epiphysis) is a site of melatonin production, contains photoreceptor cells, and functions as a circadian clock pace maker. Here, we have used microarray technology to study the zebrafish pineal transcriptome. Analysis of gene expression at three larval and two adult stages revealed a highly dynamic transcriptional profile, revealing many genes that are highly expressed in the zebrafish pineal gland. Statistical analysis of the data based on Gene Ontology annotation indicates that many transcription factors are highly expressed during larval stages, whereas genes dedicated to phototransduction are preferentially expressed in the adult. Furthermore, several genes were identified that exhibit day/night differences in expression. Among the multiple candidate genes suggested by these data, we note the identification of a tissue-specific form of the unc119 gene with a possible role in pineal development.
| S-EPMC2946851 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Development of mammary secretory epithelium and its functional differentiation occur during pregnancy under combined actions of ovarian steroids, pituitary hormones and growth factors. If the effect of these molecules is relatively well known, effect of differentiation factors expressed locally is not enough characterized. To understand local regulation of mammary tissue development and differentiation we realized transcriptional analysis on 5 physiological stages (4 during pregnancy and 1 during lactation). An appropriate experimental design was drawn to follow gene expression profiles during differentiation of mammary tissue. Results showed that at mid-pregnancy, mammary tissue was enough defferentiated into secretory epithelium to express milk protein genes and genes of the immune response system actors. But the secretoty activation of mammary epithelium was done only after parturition and wwas characterized by the expression of lipidogenesis genes. Keywords: time course, mammary gland differentiation, goat, pregnancy 18 samples, loop design
2010-05-16 | E-GEOD-14008 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:It has been widely recognized that the early or delayed puberty appears to display harmful effects on adult health outcomes. During the timing of puberty, pituitaries responds to the hypothalamus and then introduce the following response of ovaries in hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. DNA methylation has been recently suggested to regulate the onset of puberty in female mammals. However, to date, the changes of DNA methylation in pituitaries have not been investigated during pubertal transition. In this study, using gilts as the pubertal model, the genome-scale DNA methylation of pituitaries was profiled and compared across Pre-, In- and Post-puberty by using the reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. We found that average methylation levels of each genomic feature in Post- were lower than Pre- and In-pubertal stage in CpG context, but they were higher in In- than that in Pre- and Post-pubertal stage in CpH (where H = A, T, or C) context. The methylation patterns of CpHs were more dynamic than that of CpGs at the location of high CpG content, low CpG content promoter genes, and differently genomic CGIs. Furthermore, the differently genomic CGIs were likely to show in a similar manner in CpG context but display in a stage-specific manner in the CpH context across the Pre-, In- and Post-pubertal stage. Among these pubertal stages, 5 kb upstream regions of the transcription start sites were protected from both CpG and CpH methylation changes. 12.65% of detected CpGs were identified as the differentially methylated CpGs, regarding 4301 genes which were involved in the fundamental functions of pituitaries. 0.35% of detected CpHs were identified as differentially methylated CpHs, regarding 3691 genes which were involved in the biological functions of releasing gonadotropin hormones. These observations and analyses would provide valuable insights into epigenetic mechanism of the initiation of puberty in pituitary level.
| S-EPMC6405085 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Prior DNA methylation (DNA-m) analyses have identified cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) sites, which show either a significant change or consistency during lifetime. However, the proportion of CpGs that are neither significantly different nor consistent over time (indifferent CpGs) is unknown. We investigated the methylation dynamics, both longitudinal changes and consistency, in women from preadolescence to late pregnancy using DNA-m of peripheral blood cells. Consistency of cell type-adjusted DNA-m between paired individuals was assessed by regressing CpGs of subsequent age on the prior, stability by intraclass correlation coefficients (>0.5), and changes by linear mixed models. In the first 2 transitions (10-18?years and 18?years to early pregnancy), 19.5% and 20.9% CpGs were consistent, but only 0.35% in the third transition (from early to late pregnancy). Significant changes in methylation were found in 0.7%, 5.6%, and 0% CpGs, respectively. Functional enrichment analyses of genes with significant changes in DNA-m in early pregnancy (5.6%) showed that the maternal DNA-m seems to reflect signaling pathways between the uterus and the trophoblast. The transition from early to late pregnancy showed low consistency/stability and no changes, suggesting the presence of a large proportion of indifferent CpGs in late pregnancy.
| S-EPMC5536379 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The light intensity can affect the production performance of animals. The retina and pineal gland, closely linked, are directly photosensitive organs. This study evaluated the effect of light intensity on duck growth and investigated the effects of varying light intensities on retina and pineal gland transcriptome changes. The increase of light intensity will significantly decrease production performance, such as body weight, eviscerated weight, breast muscle weight, percentage of abdominal fat, etc. The RNA-seq revealed 967 and 201 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the retina and pineal gland under different light intensities, respectively. The Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) in the retina showed the DEGs were enriched in ECM-receptor interaction, Focal adhesion, Cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Melanogenesis, etc. Meanwhile, the DEGs in the pineal gland were mainly enriched in pathways associated with the mTOR signaling pathway, melanin production pathway, etc. Our results indicated that different light intensities might affect the function of the retina and pineal gland, including the melanin production of the retina and the secretion of melatonin in the pineal gland. Our study can provide a theoretical basis for the molecular mechanism of the effects of different light intensities on the retina and pineal gland.
| S-EPMC9065719 | biostudies-literature