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A non-canonical repressor function of JUN restrains YAP activity and suppresses YAP-dependent liver cancer growth [CUT&RUN]

ABSTRACT: The transcriptional coactivators YAP/TAZ are the critical downstream regulators of the Hippo pathway that regulate gene expression in response to changes in pathway activity, mainly by binding to TEAD transcription factors. Uncontrolled transcriptional output of YAP/TAZ can lead to rapid induction of aggressive tumor growth. AP-1 is a dimeric basic leucine zipper (bZIP) transcription factor complex with JUN and FOS proteins being the most abundant members of this family. Unlike FOS, JUN can also form homodimers, but in the cell, JUN presumably preferentially forms heterodimers with members of the FOS family, which act as potent transcriptional activators. Previous studies identified substantial co-occupancy of YAP/TAZ and AP-1 at genomic sites, and they demonstrated that JUN/FOS heterodimers cooperate with the YAP/TAZ and TEAD transcription factors to drive YAP/TAZ target gene expression. Here, we now elucidate a negative feedback mechanism in which high YAP activity is restrained by the recruitment of homodimeric JUN::JUN/NCOR1 repressor complexes and show that this noncanonical JUN function is part of a tumor suppressor mechanism in the liver.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE235960 | GEO | 2024/06/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Uncontrolled Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) signaling promotes aggressive metastatic properties in late-stage breast cancers. However, how TGFβ-mediated cues are directed to induce late-stage tumorigenic events is poorly understood, particularly given that TGFβ has clear tumor suppressing activity in other contexts. Here we demonstrate that the transcriptional regulators TAZ and YAP (TAZ/YAP), key effectors of the Hippo pathway, are necessary to promote and maintain TGFβ-induced tumorigenic phenotypes in breast cancer cells. Interactions between TAZ/YAP, TGFβ-activated SMAD2/3, and TEAD transcription factors reveal convergent roles for these factors in the nucleus. Genome-wide expression analyses indicate that TAZ/YAP, TEADs and TGFβ-induced signals coordinate a specific pro-tumorigenic transcriptional program. Importantly, genes cooperatively regulated by TAZ/YAP, TEAD, and TGFβ, such as the novel targets NEGR1 and UCA1, are necessary for maintaining tumorigenic activity in metastatic breast cancer cells. Nuclear TAZ/YAP also cooperate with TGFβ signaling to promote phenotypic and transcriptional changes in non-tumorigenic cells to overcome TGFβ repressive effects. Our work thus identifies crosstalk between nuclear TAZ/YAP and TGFβ signaling in breast cancer cells, revealing novel insight into late-stage disease-driving mechanisms. Expression profiling was conducted following the repression of the transcriptional regulators TAZ and YAP (TAZ/YAP), the TEAD family of transcription factors (TEAD1/2/3/4), or the TGFb signaling pathway (with SB-431542, an inhibitor of the TBRI recpeptor) in human MDA-MB-231-LM2 breast cancer cells treated with TGFβ1. Human MDA-MB-231-LM2-4 breast cancer cells were transfected with control siRNA, or siRNAs targeting TAZ/YAP or all four TEADs and were treated 24 hours later with 500pM TGFβ1 or 5mM SB-431542 for an additional 24 hours. Total RNA was isolated and twelve microarrays in total were performed, with each condition carried out three times on separate days. The Boston University Microarray Core generated the data using the Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 St Array.