Modeling Diabetic Endothelial Dysfunction with Patient-Specific Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE236430 | GEO | 2023/07/05
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Little is known about the function of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs) generated from diabetics, as this could potentially limit subsequent therapeutic use in this patient population. Here, we demonstrate that iPSC-ECs derived from diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice exhibit evidence of endothelial dysfunction. We also observed that mice receiving intramuscular (IM) injections of DIO iPSC-ECs had significantly decreased reperfusion following hindlimb ischemia compared to mice administered with iPSC-ECs from control mice. Hindlimb sections revealed increased muscle atrophy and presence of inflammatory cells in mice receiving iPSC-ECs from DIO mice. When pravastatin was administered to mice receiving DIO iPSC-ECs, a significant increase in reperfusion was observed, which was blunted by co-administration of L-NAME. This study is the first to provide evidence that iPSC-ECs from pre-diabetic mice exhibit signs of endothelial function, and suggest that pravastatin administration may be needed for diabetic patients receiving autologous iPSC-ECs therapy in the clinic. Four samples were analyzed, two from the healthy (control) group and two from the diet-induced obesity group
2014-01-25 | E-GEOD-54387 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Little is known about the function of induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells (iPSC-ECs) generated from diabetics, as this could potentially limit subsequent therapeutic use in this patient population. Here, we demonstrate that iPSC-ECs derived from diet-induced obesity (DIO) mice exhibit evidence of endothelial dysfunction. We also observed that mice receiving intramuscular (IM) injections of DIO iPSC-ECs had significantly decreased reperfusion following hindlimb ischemia compared to mice administered with iPSC-ECs from control mice. Hindlimb sections revealed increased muscle atrophy and presence of inflammatory cells in mice receiving iPSC-ECs from DIO mice. When pravastatin was administered to mice receiving DIO iPSC-ECs, a significant increase in reperfusion was observed, which was blunted by co-administration of L-NAME. This study is the first to provide evidence that iPSC-ECs from pre-diabetic mice exhibit signs of endothelial function, and suggest that pravastatin administration may be needed for diabetic patients receiving autologous iPSC-ECs therapy in the clinic.
2014-01-25 | GSE54387 | GEO
Project description:Abundant evidence suggests that women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have increased metabolic aberrations and cardiovascular risks and present with signs of endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction. However, whether and how androgen is involved in the pathogenesis of EC dysfunction in PCOS remains unclear. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) were established in two PCOS patients and two control participants and further differentiated into ECs via monoculture under chemically defined conditions. Both PCOS patients were phenotype A (present with oligomenorrhea, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology) and were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of the iPSC-derived ECs revealed functional differences involving the cell cycle process, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling and apoptosis between the PCOS and control groups. Decreased expression of cell proliferation and cell cycle related genes were noted in the PCOS iPSC-derived ECs. Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) treatment significantly enhanced cell proliferation and angiogenic function in the control iPSC-derived ECs. In contrast, significantly deteriorated cell proliferation accompanied with diminished expression of androgen receptor/cyclin-dependent kinase 1/VEGF signaling pathway was shown in the PCOS iPSC-derived ECs after DHT treatment, alongside with impaired angiogenesis demonstrated by the tube formation and wound healing assay. In conclusion, disease-specific iPSCs were successfully established in phenotype A PCOS patients with metabolic syndrome and served as an effective platform for disease modeling in this specific subgroup. Both intrinsic and androgen-induced cellular proliferation and angiogenesis were significantly impaired in the PCOS iPSC-derived ECs, providing new pathogenic evidence for androgen-mediated EC dysfunction and possibly further cardiovascular consequences.
2023-11-01 | GSE246456 | GEO
Project description:Aims: Novel cancer therapies leading to increased survivorship of cancer patients have been negated by a concomitant rise in cancer therapies-related cardiovascular toxicities. Sunitinib, a first line multi receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has been reported to cause vascular dysfunction although the initiating mechanisms contributing to this side effect remain unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of biological processes in endothelial cells (ECs); however, their roles in cancer therapies-related vascular toxicities remain underexplored. Methods and Results: We performed lncRNA expression profiling to identify potential lncRNAs that are dysregulated in human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived ECs (iPSC-ECs) treated with sunitinib. We show that the lncRNA hyaluronan synthase 2 antisense 1 (HAS2-AS1) is significantly diminished in sunitinib-treated iPSC-ECs. Sunitinib was found to downregulate HAS2-AS1 by an epigenetic mechanism involving hypermethylation. Depletion of HAS2-AS1 recapitulated sunitinib-induced detrimental effects on iPSC-ECs, whereas CRISPR-mediated activation of HAS2-AS1 reversed sunitinib-induced dysfunction. We confirm that HAS2-AS1 stabilizes the expression of its sense gene HAS2 via an RNA/mRNA heteroduplex formation. Knockdown of HAS2-AS1 led to reduced synthesis of hyaluronic acid (HA) and upregulation of ADAMTS5, an enzyme involved in extracellular matrix degradation, resulting in disruption of the endothelial glycocalyx which is critical for ECs. In vivo, sunitinib-treated mice showed reduced coronary flow reserve, accompanied by a reduction in has2os and degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx. Finally, we identify that treatment with high molecular-weight HA can prevent the deleterious effects of sunitinib both in vitro and in vivo by preserving the endothelial glycocalyx. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of lncRNA-mediated regulation of the endothelial glycocalyx as an important determinant of sunitinib-induced vascular toxicity and reveal potential novel therapeutic avenues to attenuate sunitinib-induced vascular dysfunction.
2023-04-30 | GSE216453 | GEO
Project description:Aims: Novel cancer therapies leading to increased survivorship of cancer patients have been negated by a concomitant rise in cancer therapies-related cardiovascular toxicities. Sunitinib, a first line multi receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has been reported to cause vascular dysfunction although the initiating mechanisms contributing to this side effect remain unknown. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging regulators of biological processes in endothelial cells (ECs); however, their roles in cancer therapies-related vascular toxicities remain underexplored. Methods and Results: We performed lncRNA expression profiling to identify potential lncRNAs that are dysregulated in human induced pluripotent stem cells-derived ECs (iPSC-ECs) treated with sunitinib. We show that the lncRNA hyaluronan synthase 2 antisense 1 (HAS2-AS1) is significantly diminished in sunitinib-treated iPSC-ECs. Sunitinib was found to downregulate HAS2-AS1 by an epigenetic mechanism involving hypermethylation. Depletion of HAS2-AS1 recapitulated sunitinib-induced detrimental effects on iPSC-ECs, whereas CRISPR-mediated activation of HAS2-AS1 reversed sunitinib-induced dysfunction. We confirm that HAS2-AS1 stabilizes the expression of its sense gene HAS2 via an RNA/mRNA heteroduplex formation. Knockdown of HAS2-AS1 led to reduced synthesis of hyaluronic acid (HA) and upregulation of ADAMTS5, an enzyme involved in extracellular matrix degradation, resulting in disruption of the endothelial glycocalyx which is critical for ECs. In vivo, sunitinib-treated mice showed reduced coronary flow reserve, accompanied by a reduction in has2os and degradation of the endothelial glycocalyx. Finally, we identify that treatment with high molecular-weight HA can prevent the deleterious effects of sunitinib both in vitro and in vivo by preserving the endothelial glycocalyx. Conclusions: Our findings highlight the importance of lncRNA-mediated regulation of the endothelial glycocalyx as an important determinant of sunitinib-induced vascular toxicity and reveal potential novel therapeutic avenues to attenuate sunitinib-induced vascular dysfunction.
2023-04-30 | GSE216452 | GEO
Project description:Background:Port wine birthmark (PWB) is a congenital vascular malformation resulting from developmentally defective endothelial cells (ECs). Developing clinically relevant disease models for PWB studies is currently an unmet need. Objective: Our study aims to generate PWB-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and iPSC-derived ECs that preserve disease-related phenotypes. Methods: PWB iPSCs were generated by reprogramming lesional dermal fibroblasts and differentiated into ECs. RNA-seq was performed to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and enriched pathways. The functional phenotypes of iPSC-derived ECs were characterized by capillary-like structure (CLS) formation in vitro and Geltrex plug-in assay in vivo. Results: Human PWB and control iPSC lines were generated through reprogramming of dermal fibroblasts by introducing the “Yamanaka factors” (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc) into them; the iPSCs were successfully differentiated into ECs. These iPSCs and their derived ECs were validated by expression of a series of stem cell and EC biomarkers, respectively. PWB iPSC-derived ECs showed impaired CLS in vitro with larger perimeters and thicker branches as compared to control iPSC-derived ECs. In the plug-in assay, perfused human vasculature formed by PWB iPSC-derived ECs showed bigger perimeters and greater densities than those formed by control iPSC-derived ECs in severe combined immune deficient (SCID) mice. The transcriptome analysis showed that dysregulated pathways of stem cell differentiation, Hippo, Wnt, and focal adhesion persisted through differentiation of PWB iPSCs to ECs. Functional enrichment analysis showed that Hippo and Wnt pathway-related PWB DEGs are enriched for vasculature development, tube morphology, endothelium development, and EC differentiation. Further, members of the zinc finger (ZNF) gene family were overrepresented among the DEGs in PWB iPSCs. ZNF DEGs confer significant functions in transcriptional regulation, chromatin remodeling, protein ubiquitination, and retinoic acid receptor signaling. Furthermore, NF-kappa B, TNF, MAPK, and cholesterol metabolism pathways were dysregulated in PWB ECs as readouts of impaired differentiation. Conclusions: PWB iPSC-derived ECs render a novel and clinically-relevant disease model by retaining pathological phenotypes. Our data demonstrate multiple pathways, such as Hippo and Wnt, NF-kappa B, TNF, MAPK, and cholesterol metabolism, are dysregulated, which may contribute to the development of differentiation-defective ECs in PWB.
2023-09-14 | GSE240770 | GEO
Project description:Chronic endotheliitis and various cardiovascular co-morbidities are more likely to develop in patients who are recovering from a post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite a growing body of clinical data suggesting that the endothelium could be the cause of both cardiac injury and the multi-organ damage found in COVID-19 patients, there is no clear link between endothelial (EC) dysfunction and increased cardiac risk during long COVID. Here, we studied long COVID-19-associated endotheliitis and its implications on cardiac dysfunction. Thrombotic vascular tissues from long COVID patients were harvested and profiled to identify the different mechanisms of viral-induced EC pathogenesis. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)–derived ECs were leveraged to model endotheliitis in-a-dish after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, which showed similar EC dysfunction and upregulation of specific cytokines such as CCL2 and IL6, as seen in the primary ECs of long COVID patients. 3D fabricated cardiac organoids generated from iPSC-ECs and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) were utilized to understand the pathological influence of endotheliitis on cardiac dysfunction. Notably, cardiac dysfunction was observed only in cardiac organoids that were fabricated with both iPSC-CMs and iPSC-ECs after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Simultaneous profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression dynamics via integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq at a single cell resolution revealed CCL2 as the prime cytokine responsible for the non-endothelial “phenotype switching” and the impending cardiac dysfunction in cardiac organoids. This was further validated by high-throughput proteomics that showed CCL2 to be released only by cardiac organoids that were fabricated with iPSC-CMs and iPSC-ECs after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lastly, disease modeling of the cardiac organoids as well as exposure of human ACE2 transgenic mice to SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins uncovered a putative mechanism for the cardiac dysfunction involving posttranslational modification of cardiac proteins driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. These results suggest that EC-released cytokines can contribute to the pathogenesis of long COVID-associated cardiac dysfunction, and thus a thorough clinical profiling of vascular health could help identify early signs of heart disease in COVID-19 patients.
2024-08-27 | GSE252445 | GEO
Project description:Chronic endotheliitis and various cardiovascular co-morbidities are more likely to develop in patients who are recovering from a post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite a growing body of clinical data suggesting that the endothelium could be the cause of both cardiac injury and the multi-organ damage found in COVID-19 patients, there is no clear link between endothelial (EC) dysfunction and increased cardiac risk during long COVID. Here, we studied long COVID-19-associated endotheliitis and its implications on cardiac dysfunction. Thrombotic vascular tissues from long COVID patients were harvested and profiled to identify the different mechanisms of viral-induced EC pathogenesis. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)–derived ECs were leveraged to model endotheliitis in-a-dish after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, which showed similar EC dysfunction and upregulation of specific cytokines such as CCL2 and IL6, as seen in the primary ECs of long COVID patients. 3D fabricated cardiac organoids generated from iPSC-ECs and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) were utilized to understand the pathological influence of endotheliitis on cardiac dysfunction. Notably, cardiac dysfunction was observed only in cardiac organoids that were fabricated with both iPSC-CMs and iPSC-ECs after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Simultaneous profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression dynamics via integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq at a single cell resolution revealed CCL2 as the prime cytokine responsible for the non-endothelial “phenotype switching” and the impending cardiac dysfunction in cardiac organoids. This was further validated by high-throughput proteomics that showed CCL2 to be released only by cardiac organoids that were fabricated with iPSC-CMs and iPSC-ECs after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lastly, disease modeling of the cardiac organoids as well as exposure of human ACE2 transgenic mice to SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins uncovered a putative mechanism for the cardiac dysfunction involving posttranslational modification of cardiac proteins driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. These results suggest that EC-released cytokines can contribute to the pathogenesis of long COVID-associated cardiac dysfunction, and thus a thorough clinical profiling of vascular health could help identify early signs of heart disease in COVID-19 patients.
2024-08-27 | GSE252444 | GEO
Project description:Chronic endotheliitis and various cardiovascular co-morbidities are more likely to develop in patients who are recovering from a post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite a growing body of clinical data suggesting that the endothelium could be the cause of both cardiac injury and the multi-organ damage found in COVID-19 patients, there is no clear link between endothelial (EC) dysfunction and increased cardiac risk during long COVID. Here, we studied long COVID-19-associated endotheliitis and its implications on cardiac dysfunction. Thrombotic vascular tissues from long COVID patients were harvested and profiled to identify the different mechanisms of viral-induced EC pathogenesis. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)–derived ECs were leveraged to model endotheliitis in-a-dish after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, which showed similar EC dysfunction and upregulation of specific cytokines such as CCL2 and IL6, as seen in the primary ECs of long COVID patients. 3D fabricated cardiac organoids generated from iPSC-ECs and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) were utilized to understand the pathological influence of endotheliitis on cardiac dysfunction. Notably, cardiac dysfunction was observed only in cardiac organoids that were fabricated with both iPSC-CMs and iPSC-ECs after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Simultaneous profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression dynamics via integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq at a single cell resolution revealed CCL2 as the prime cytokine responsible for the non-endothelial “phenotype switching” and the impending cardiac dysfunction in cardiac organoids. This was further validated by high-throughput proteomics that showed CCL2 to be released only by cardiac organoids that were fabricated with iPSC-CMs and iPSC-ECs after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lastly, disease modeling of the cardiac organoids as well as exposure of human ACE2 transgenic mice to SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins uncovered a putative mechanism for the cardiac dysfunction involving posttranslational modification of cardiac proteins driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. These results suggest that EC-released cytokines can contribute to the pathogenesis of long COVID-associated cardiac dysfunction, and thus a thorough clinical profiling of vascular health could help identify early signs of heart disease in COVID-19 patients.
2024-08-31 | GSE249111 | GEO
Project description:Chronic endotheliitis and various cardiovascular co-morbidities are more likely to develop in patients who are recovering from a post-acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite a growing body of clinical data suggesting that the endothelium could be the cause of both cardiac injury and the multi-organ damage found in COVID-19 patients, there is no clear link between endothelial (EC) dysfunction and increased cardiac risk during long COVID. Here, we studied long COVID-19-associated endotheliitis and its implications on cardiac dysfunction. Thrombotic vascular tissues from long COVID patients were harvested and profiled to identify the different mechanisms of viral-induced EC pathogenesis. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)–derived ECs were leveraged to model endotheliitis in-a-dish after exposure to SARS-CoV-2, which showed similar EC dysfunction and upregulation of specific cytokines such as CCL2 and IL6, as seen in the primary ECs of long COVID patients. 3D fabricated cardiac organoids generated from iPSC-ECs and iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) were utilized to understand the pathological influence of endotheliitis on cardiac dysfunction. Notably, cardiac dysfunction was observed only in cardiac organoids that were fabricated with both iPSC-CMs and iPSC-ECs after exposure to SARS-CoV-2. Simultaneous profiling of chromatin accessibility and gene expression dynamics via integration of ATAC-seq and RNA-seq at a single cell resolution revealed CCL2 as the prime cytokine responsible for the non-endothelial “phenotype switching” and the impending cardiac dysfunction in cardiac organoids. This was further validated by high-throughput proteomics that showed CCL2 to be released only by cardiac organoids that were fabricated with iPSC-CMs and iPSC-ECs after SARS-CoV-2 infection. Lastly, disease modeling of the cardiac organoids as well as exposure of human ACE2 transgenic mice to SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins uncovered a putative mechanism for the cardiac dysfunction involving posttranslational modification of cardiac proteins driven by oxidative stress and inflammation. These results suggest that EC-released cytokines can contribute to the pathogenesis of long COVID-associated cardiac dysfunction, and thus a thorough clinical profiling of vascular health could help identify early signs of heart disease in COVID-19 patients.
2024-08-27 | GSE248489 | GEO