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Cell-type-specific tumour sensitivity identified with a bromodomain targeting PROTAC in adenoid cystic carcinoma.

ABSTRACT: Salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with limited treatment options. The development of novel therapies is hindered by a lack of preclinical models. We have generated several ACC patient-derived xenograft (PDX) lines that retain the physical and genetic properties of the original tumours, including the presence of the common MYB/MYBL1-NFIB translocation. Using these PDXs, we have developed the conditions for the generation of 2D and 3D ACC models that retain MYB expression and can be used for drug studies. Using these models, we show in vitro and in vivo sensitivity of ACC cells to the bromodomain degrader, dBET6. Molecular studies show a decrease in BRD4 and MYB protein levels and target gene expression with treatment. The most prominent effect of dBET6 on tumours in vivo was a change in the relative composition of ACC cell types expressing either myoepithelial or ductal markers. We show that dBET6 inhibits the progenitor function of ACC cells, particularly in the myoepithelial marker-expressing population, revealing a cell-type-specific sensitivity. These studies reveal a novel mechanistic impact of bromodomain inhibitors on tumours and highlight the need to impact both cell-type populations for more effective treatments in ACC patients.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE237382 | GEO | 2023/08/25

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:DNA methylation profiling of 26 individual isomorphic diffuse gliomas using Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChips or Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation850 BeadChips. Abstract: The “isomorphic subtype of diffuse astrocytoma” was identified histologically in 2004 as a supratentorial, highly differentiated glioma with low cellularity, low proliferation and focal diffuse brain infiltration. Patients typically had seizures since childhood and all were operated on as adults. To define the position of these lesions among brain tumours, we histologically, molecularly and clinically analysed 26 histologically prototypical isomorphic diffuse gliomas. Immunohistochemically, they were GFAP-positive, MAP2-, OLIG2- and CD34-negative, nuclear ATRX-expression was retained and proliferation was low. All 24 cases sequenced were IDH-wildtype. In cluster analyses of DNA-methylation data, isomorphic diffuse gliomas formed a group clearly distinct from other glial/glio-neuronal brain tumours and normal hemispheric tissue, most closely related to paediatric MYB/MYBL1-altered diffuse astrocytomas and angiocentric gliomas. Half of the isomorphic diffuse gliomas had copy number alterations of MYBL1 or MYB (13/25, 52%). Gene fusions of MYBL1 or MYB with various gene partners were identified in 11/22 (50%) and were associated with an increased RNA-expression of the respective MYB-family gene. Integrating copy number alterations and available RNA sequencing data, 20/26 (77%) of isomorphic diffuse gliomas demonstrated MYBL1 (54%) or MYB (23%) alterations. Clinically, 89% of patients were seizure-free after surgery and all had a good outcome. In summary, we here define a distinct benign tumour class belonging to the family of MYB/MYBL1-altered gliomas. Isomorphic diffuse glioma occurs both in children and adults, has a concise morphology, frequent MYBL1- and MYB-alterations and a specific DNA-methylation profile. As an exclusively histological diagnosis may be very challenging and as paediatric MYB/MYBL1-altered diffuse astrocytomas may have the same gene fusions, we consider DNA-methylation profiling very helpful for their identification.

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Cell-type-specific tumour sensitivity identified with a bromodomain targeting PROTAC in adenoid cystic carcinoma.

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