Expression profiling of lung tissue from 6-, 10- and 14-week-old Fra2 transgenic male mice
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE23745 | GEO | 2011/12/01
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA130757
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The transcription factor complex AP-1 (Activator protein 1) is composed of Jun (c-Jun, JunB, JunD) and Fos proteins (c-Fos, FosB, Fra-1, Fra-2) which control a variety of stress responses, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, inflammation, wound healing, and cancer. Individual Fos proteins have been thoroughly studied in gain- and loss-of-function mouse models, which revealed important functions in bone cell proliferation and differentiation. We have recently demonstrated that loss of Fra-2 causes perinatal lethality and severe osteopenia due to several cellular defects, including a chondrocyte differentiation defect and a control of osteoclast survival and size. Moreover, we have reported a profibrogenic function of Fra-2 in transgenic mice, in which ectopic expression of Fra-2 in various organs resulted in generalized fibrosis with predominant manifestations in the lung. Fra-2 knock-out newborns have increased numbers and size of osteoclasts in vivo. The pulmonary phenotype observed in Fra-2Tg mice is characterized by vascular remodeling and obliteration of pulmonary arteries, which coincides with expression of osteopontin, an AP-1 target gene involved in vascular remodeling and fibrogenesis. These alterations are followed by inflammation; release of profibrogenic factors, such as IL-4, insulin-like growth factor 1, and CXCL5. The expression profiling study was performed to analyse changes in transcript levels in lung over a period of time. Total RNA of four mutant male animals at each time point (age: 6, 10 and 14 weeks) were hybridised versus a pool of total RNA of four wild type mice of the corresponding age. For each mutant animal, two technical chip hybridisations were performed, including a dye-swap experiment (in total, 8 hybridisation of each time point = 2 technical replicates x 4 biological replicates).
2011-12-01 | E-GEOD-23745 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. HCC incidence is on the rise, while treatment options remain limited. Thus, a better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in HCC development has become a priority to guide future therapies. While previous studies implicated the AP-1 (Fos/Jun) transcription factor family members c-Fos and c-Jun in HCC formation, the contribution of Fos-related antigens 1 and 2 (Fra-1/2) is unknown. Here we show that hepatocyte-restricted expression of a single chain c-Jun~Fra-2 protein, which functionally mimics the c-Jun/Fra-2 AP-1 dimer, results in spontaneous HCC formation in c-Jun~Fra-2hep mice. Several hallmarks of human HCC, such as cell cycle dysregulation and the expression of HCC markers are observed in liver tumors arising in c-Jun~Fra-2hep mice. Tumorigenesis occurs in the context of mild inflammation, low-grade fibrosis and Pparg-driven dyslipidemia. Subsequent analyses revealed increased expression of c-Myc, evidently directly regulated by AP-1 through a conserved distal 3’ enhancer. Importantly, c-Jun~Fra-2-induced tumors revert upon switching off transgene expression, suggesting oncogene addiction to the c-Jun~Fra-2 transgene. Tumors escaping reversion maintained c-Myc and c-Myc target gene expression, likely due to increased c-Fos. Interfering with c-Myc in established tumors using the BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ-1 diminished liver tumor growth in c-Jun~Fra-2 mutant mice. Thus, our data establish c-Jun~Fra-2hep mice as a novel model to study liver tumorigenesis and identify the c-Jun/Fra-2-Myc interaction as a potential target to improve HCC patient stratification and/or therapy.
2024-04-22 | GSE261005 | GEO
Project description:Systemic hypertension increases cardiac workload and subsequently induces signaling networks in heart that underlie myocyte growth (hypertrophic response) through expansion of sarcomeres with the aim to increase contractility. However, conditions of increased workload can induce both adaptive and maladaptive growth of heart muscle. Previous studies implicate two members of the AP-1 transcription factor family, junD and fra-1, in regulation of heart growth during hypertrophic response. In this study, we investigate the function of the AP-1 transcription factors, c-jun and c-fos, in heart growth. Using pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice and targeted deletion of Jun or Fos in cardiomyocytes, we show that c-jun is required for adaptive cardiac hyphertrophy, while c-fos is dispensable in this context. c-jun promotes expression of sarcomere proteins and suppresses expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Capacity of cardiac muscle to contract depends on organization of principal thick and thin filaments, myosin and actin, within the sarcomere. In line with decreased expression of sarcomere-associated proteins, Jun-deficient cardiomyocytes present disarrangement of filaments in sarcomeres and actin cytoskeleton disorganization. Moreover, Jun-deficient hearts subjected to pressure overload display pronounced fibrosis and increased myocyte apoptosis finally resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy. In conclusion, c-jun but not c-fos is required to induce a transcriptional program aimed at adapting heart growth upon increased workload. Microarrays were used to identify specific genes that might be globally affected in the absence of c-jun in cardiomyocytes. Total RNA was extracted from the hearts of 10 weeks old Junf/f (n=2) and Jun delta mu (n=2) mice using TRIzol Reagent.
2013-09-19 | E-GEOD-47898 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Systemic hypertension increases cardiac workload and subsequently induces signaling networks in heart that underlie myocyte growth (hypertrophic response) through expansion of sarcomeres with the aim to increase contractility. However, conditions of increased workload can induce both adaptive and maladaptive growth of heart muscle. Previous studies implicate two members of the AP-1 transcription factor family, junD and fra-1, in regulation of heart growth during hypertrophic response. In this study, we investigate the function of the AP-1 transcription factors, c-jun and c-fos, in heart growth. Using pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice and targeted deletion of Jun or Fos in cardiomyocytes, we show that c-jun is required for adaptive cardiac hyphertrophy, while c-fos is dispensable in this context. c-jun promotes expression of sarcomere proteins and suppresses expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Capacity of cardiac muscle to contract depends on organization of principal thick and thin filaments, myosin and actin, within the sarcomere. In line with decreased expression of sarcomere-associated proteins, Jun-deficient cardiomyocytes present disarrangement of filaments in sarcomeres and actin cytoskeleton disorganization. Moreover, Jun-deficient hearts subjected to pressure overload display pronounced fibrosis and increased myocyte apoptosis finally resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy. In conclusion, c-jun but not c-fos is required to induce a transcriptional program aimed at adapting heart growth upon increased workload. Microarrays were used to identify specific genes that might be globally affected in the absence of c-jun in cardiomyocytes.
2013-09-19 | GSE47898 | GEO
Project description:Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive clinical phenotype, and accounts for 15% to 20% of all breast cancers. The molecular determinants of malignant cell behaviors in TNBC remain largely unknown. We find that the AP-1 transcription factor component, Fra-1, is overexpressed in basal-like breast tumors, and its expression level has high prognostic significance. Depletion of Fra-1 or its heterodimeric partner c-Jun inhibits the proliferative and invasive phenotypes in TNBC cells. To gain insights into the transcriptional regulatory networks of AP-1 in TNBC cells, we combine genome-wide ChIP-seq with loss-of-function transcriptome analyses. We observe dysregulation of direct targets of the Fra-1/c-Jun heterodimer involved in cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and cell-cell contact. Intriguingly, we find that AP-1 mediates downregulation of E-cadherin through direct transcriptional induction of ZEB2. This work sheds light on the mechanisms and pathways by which TNBC acquires invasiveness and proliferative propensity. BT549 cells grown in complete medium were transfected with a control siRNA, siRNA targeting Fra-1 or siRNA targeting c-Jun for 72 h, and then global gene expression profiles were assessed. Three or four biological replicates were used for each group.
2014-06-30 | E-GEOD-46440 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease characterized by pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation leading to vascularremodeling. Multiple factors have been associated with the vessel wall thickening. However, the responsible mechanisms are not fully understood. Aim: In this study we aim to decipher the role ofc-fos and c-jun transcription factors in the vascular remodeling process. Methods and Results: Expression and immunohistochemical analyses revealed high expression of c-fos and c-jun transcription factors in the vessel wall of lungs from human IPAH samples, hypoxia exposed mice and monocrotaline treated rats. Microarray study from hypoxic lung homogenates revealed MAP kinase asthe most differentially regulated pathway. Additionally, ET-1 and CTGF were the most up-regulated genes. Consequently, ET-1 but not CTGF stimulation of human PASMCs increased DNA synthesis and expression of proliferative markers such as Ki67 and cell cycle regulator, cyclin D1. Moreover, ET-1 treatment elevated ERK-dependent c-fos expression and phosphorylation of c-fos and c-jun. Silencing of c-fos with siRNA abrogated the ET-1-induced proliferation of PASMC. Conclusion: This finding shed light on the involvement of c-fos/c-jun in vascular remodeling as well as on the molecular mechanisms regulating the proliferative response of PASMCs to ET-1. 36 mice were divided into 2 groups and kept either under normoxic (Nox) or under hypoxic conditions (Hox.3h). RNA from 3 animals was pooled to get 6 pools per group. Each pool was subjected to microarray hybridization (Nox vs. Hox.3h) in a balanced dye-swap design, giving a total of 6 dual-color hybridizations.
2014-04-11 | E-GEOD-56698 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Pulmonary hypertension is a rare disease characterized by pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation leading to vascularremodeling. Multiple factors have been associated with the vessel wall thickening. However, the responsible mechanisms are not fully understood. Aim: In this study we aim to decipher the role ofc-fos and c-jun transcription factors in the vascular remodeling process. Methods and Results: Expression and immunohistochemical analyses revealed high expression of c-fos and c-jun transcription factors in the vessel wall of lungs from human IPAH samples, hypoxia exposed mice and monocrotaline treated rats. Microarray study from hypoxic lung homogenates revealed MAP kinase asthe most differentially regulated pathway. Additionally, ET-1 and CTGF were the most up-regulated genes. Consequently, ET-1 but not CTGF stimulation of human PASMCs increased DNA synthesis and expression of proliferative markers such as Ki67 and cell cycle regulator, cyclin D1. Moreover, ET-1 treatment elevated ERK-dependent c-fos expression and phosphorylation of c-fos and c-jun. Silencing of c-fos with siRNA abrogated the ET-1-induced proliferation of PASMC. Conclusion: This finding shed light on the involvement of c-fos/c-jun in vascular remodeling as well as on the molecular mechanisms regulating the proliferative response of PASMCs to ET-1.
2014-04-11 | GSE56698 | GEO
Project description:Vascular endothelial dysfunction underlies the genesis and progression of numerous diseases. Whereas the GATA transcription factor GATA-2 is expressed in endothelial cells and is implicated in coronary heart disease, it has been studied predominantly as a master regulator of hematopoiesis. As many questions remain unanswered regarding GATA-2 function in the vascular biology realm, we used ChIP-seq and loss-of-function strategies to define the GATA-2-instigated genetic network in human endothelial cells. By contrast to erythroid cells, GATA-2 occupied a unique target gene ensemble, consisting of genes encoding key determinants of endothelial cell identity and inflammation. GATA-2-occupied sites characteristically contained motifs that bind Activator Protein-1 (AP-1), a pivotal regulator of inflammatory genes. GATA-2 frequently occupied the same chromatin sites as c-JUN and c-FOS, heterodimeric components of AP-1. Though all three components were required for maximal AP-1 target gene expression, GATA-2 was not required for AP-1 chromatin occupancy. GATA-2 conferred maximal phosphorylation of chromatin-bound c-JUN at Ser 73, which stimulates AP-1-dependent transactivation, in a chromosomal context-dependent manner. This work establishes a link between a GATA factor and inflammation, mechanistic insights underlying GATA-2-AP-1 cooperativity, and a rigorous genetic framework for understanding GATA-2 function in normal and pathophysiological vascular states. For data usage terms and conditions, please refer to http://www.genome.gov/27528022 and http://www.genome.gov/Pages/Research/ENCODE/ENCODEDataReleasePolicyFinal2008.pdf Examination of GATA2 ChIP-seq in HUVEC cells.
2011-08-11 | E-GEOD-29531 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive clinical phenotype, and accounts for 15% to 20% of all breast cancers. The molecular determinants of malignant cell behaviors in TNBC remain largely unknown. We find that the AP-1 transcription factor component, Fra-1, is overexpressed in basal-like breast tumors, and its expression level has high prognostic significance. Depletion of Fra-1 or its heterodimeric partner c-Jun inhibits the proliferative and invasive phenotypes in TNBC cells. To gain insights into the transcriptional regulatory networks of AP-1 in TNBC cells, we combine genome-wide ChIP-seq with loss-of-function transcriptome analyses. We observe dysregulation of direct targets of the Fra-1/c-Jun heterodimer involved in cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and cell-cell contact. Intriguingly, we find that AP-1 mediates downregulation of E-cadherin through direct transcriptional induction of ZEB2. This work sheds light on the mechanisms and pathways by which TNBC acquires invasiveness and proliferative propensity.
2014-06-30 | GSE46440 | GEO
Project description:Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive clinical phenotype, and accounts for 15% to 20% of all breast cancers. The molecular determinants of malignant cell behaviors in TNBC remain largely unknown. We find that the AP-1 transcription factor component, Fra-1, is overexpressed in basal-like breast tumors, and its expression level has high prognostic significance. Depletion of Fra-1 or its heterodimeric partner c-Jun inhibits the proliferative and invasive phenotypes in TNBC cells. To gain insights into the transcriptional regulatory networks of AP-1 in TNBC cells, we combine genome-wide ChIP-seq with loss-of-function transcriptome analyses. We observe dysregulation of direct targets of the Fra-1/c-Jun heterodimer involved in cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and cell-cell contact. Intriguingly, we find that AP-1 mediates downregulation of E-cadherin through direct transcriptional induction of ZEB2. This work sheds light on the mechanisms and pathways by which TNBC acquires invasiveness and proliferative propensity.
2014-06-30 | GSE46166 | GEO