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Bone Marrow-Derived NGFR-Positive Dendritic Cells Regulate Arterial Remodeling

ABSTRACT: It has been proposed that bone marrow contributes to the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. Nerve growth factor receptor (NGFR) is expressed in bone marrow stromal cells; it is also present in peripheral blood and ischemic coronary arteries. We hypothesized that bone marrow-derived NGFR-positive (NGFR+) cells regulate arterial remodeling. We found that human NGFR+ mononuclear cells (MNCs) in peripheral blood expressed markers for plasmacytoid dendritic cells (DCs) and were susceptible to apoptosis in response to proNGF secreted by activated arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Bone marrow-specific depletion of NGFR+ cells increased neointimal formation following arterial ligation in mice. Bone marrow-derived NGFR+ cells accumulated in the neointima and underwent apoptosis. In contrast, in a bone marrow-specific NGFR-knockout model, SMCs occupied the neointima with augmented proliferation. NGFR+ cells in the neointima promoted mannose receptor C-type 1-positive antiinflammatory macrophage accumulation and secreted antiinflammatory IL-10, thereby inhibiting SMC proliferation in the neointima. In patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), NGFR+ peripheral MNCs increased after ACS onset. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that an insufficient increase in NGFR+ peripheral MNCs in ACS was an adjusted independent risk factor for 9-month intimal progression of a nontargeted lesion. Taken together, these observations imply that bone marrow-derived NGFR+ DCs are suppressors of arteriosclerosis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE238076 | GEO | 2024/12/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Abstract: The cancer stem cell hypothesis has gained currency in recent times but concerns remain about its scientific foundations because of significant gaps that exist between research findings and comprehensive knowledge about cancer stem cells (CSCs). In this light, a mathematical model that considers hematopoietic dynamics in the diseased state of the bone marrow and peripheral blood is proposed and used to address findings about CSCs. The ensuing model, resulting from a modification and refinement of a recent model, develops out of the position that mathematical models of CSC development, that are few at this time, are needed to provide insightful underpinnings for biomedical findings about CSCs as the CSC idea gains traction. Accordingly, the mathematical challenges brought on by the model that mirror general challenges in dealing with nonlinear phenomena are discussed and placed in context. The proposed model describes the logical occurrence of discrete time delays, that by themselves present mathematical challenges, in the evolving cell populations under consideration. Under the challenging circumstances, the steady state properties of the model system of delay differential equations are obtained, analyzed, and the resulting mathematical predictions arising therefrom are interpreted and placed within the framework of findings regarding CSCs. Simulations of the model are carried out by considering various parameter scenarios that reflect different experimental situations involving disease evolution in human hosts. Model analyses and simulations suggest that the emergence of the cancer stem cell population alongside other malignant cells engenders higher dimensions of complexity in the evolution of malignancy in the bone marrow and peripheral blood at the expense of healthy hematopoietic development. The model predicts the evolution of an aberrant environment in which the malignant population particularly in the bone marrow shows tendencies of reaching an uncontrollable equilibrium state. Essentially, the model shows that a structural relationship exists between CSCs and non-stem malignant cells that confers on CSCs the role of temporally enhancing and stimulating the expansion of non-stem malignant cells while also benefitting from increases in their own population and these CSCs may be the main protagonists that drive the ultimate evolution of the uncontrollable equilibrium state of such malignant cells and these may have implications for treatment.

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Bone Marrow-Derived NGFR-Positive Dendritic Cells Regulate Arterial Remodeling

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