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Genetic ablation of Dicer in adult forebrain neurons results in abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration

ABSTRACT: The type III RNase Dicer is responsible for the maturation and function of microRNA (miRNA) molecules in the cell. It is now well documented that Dicer and the fine-tuning of the miRNA gene network are important for neuronal integrity. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in neuronal death, particularly in the adult brain, remain poorly defined. Here, we show that absence of Dicer in the adult forebrain is accompanied by a mixed neurodegenerative phenotype. While neuronal loss is observed in the hippocampus, cellular shrinkage is predominant in the cortex. Interestingly, neuronal degeneration coincides with the hyperphosphorylation of endogenous tau at several epitopes previously associated with neurofibrillary pathology. Transcriptome analysis of enzymes involved in tau phosphorylation identified ERK1 as one of the candidate kinases responsible for this event in vivo. We further demonstrate that miRNAs belonging to the miR-15 family are potent regulators of ERK1 expression in mouse neuronal cells and co-expressed with ERK1/2 in vivo. Last, we show that miR-15a is specifically downregulated in Alzheimer’s disease brain. In sum, these results support the hypothesis that changes in the miRNA network may contribute to a neurodegenerative phenotype by affecting tau phosphorylation.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE23847 | GEO | 2010/08/28

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA130667

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Genetic ablation of Dicer in adult forebrain neurons results in abnormal tau hyperphosphorylation and neurodegeneration

Project description:The type III RNase Dicer is responsible for the maturation and function of microRNA (miRNA) molecules in the cell. It is now well documented that Dicer and the fine-tuning of the miRNA gene network are important for neuronal integrity. However, the underlying mechanisms involved in neuronal death, particularly in the adult brain, remain poorly defined. Here, we show that absence of Dicer in the adult forebrain is accompanied by a mixed neurodegenerative phenotype. While neuronal loss is observed in the hippocampus, cellular shrinkage is predominant in the cortex. Interestingly, neuronal degeneration coincides with the hyperphosphorylation of endogenous tau at several epitopes previously associated with neurofibrillary pathology. Transcriptome analysis of enzymes involved in tau phosphorylation identified ERK1 as one of the candidate kinases responsible for this event in vivo. We further demonstrate that miRNAs belonging to the miR-15 family are potent regulators of ERK1 expression in mouse neuronal cells and co-expressed with ERK1/2 in vivo. Last, we show that miR-15a is specifically downregulated in Alzheimer’s disease brain. In sum, these results support the hypothesis that changes in the miRNA network may contribute to a neurodegenerative phenotype by affecting tau phosphorylation. Dicer KO vs. control

2010-08-28 | E-GEOD-23847 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Small Molecule Inducers of Neuroprotective miR-132 Identified by HTS-HTS in Human iPSC-derived Neurons

Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short RNAs that regulate fundamental biological processes. miR-132, a key miRNA with established functions in Tau homeostasis and neuroprotection, is consistently downregulated in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and other tauopathies. miR-132 overexpression rescues neurodegenerative phenotypes in several AD models. To complement research on miRNA-mimicking oligonucleotides targeting the central nervous system, we developed a high-throughput-screen coupled high-throughput-sequencing (HTS-HTS) in human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neurons to identify small molecule inducers of miR-132. We discovered that cardiac glycosides, which are canonical sodium-potassium ATPase inhibitors, selectively upregulated miR-132 in the sub-μM range. Coordinately, cardiac glycoside treatment downregulated total and phosphorylated Tau in rodent and human neurons and protected against toxicity by glutamate, N-methyl-D-aspartate, rotenone, and Aβ oligomers. In conclusion, we identified small-molecule drugs that upregulated the neuroprotective miR-132 and ameliorated neurodegenerative phenotypes. Our dataset also represents a comprehensive resource for discovering small molecules that modulate specific miRNAs for therapeutic purposes.

2023-10-19 | GSE216991 | GEO

Phosphoproteomic analysis of brain form Alzheimer’s disease

Project description:Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disorder caused by neuronal loss which results in memory loss. Formation of neurofibrillary tangles composed of abnormal hyper phosphorylation of tau protein is one of the major pathological hallmarks for AD. Several neurodegenerative disorders including AD are associated with abnormal protein phosphorylation events.

2021-09-08 | PXD010807 | Pride

Recapitulation of endogenous 4R tau expression and formation of insoluble tau in directly reprogrammed human neurons

Project description:Tau is a microtubule-binding protein expressed in neurons and the equal ratio between 4-repeat (4R) and 3-repeat (3R) isoforms are maintained in normal adult brain function. Dysregulation of 3R:4R ratio causes tauopathy and human neurons that recapitulate tau isoforms in health and disease will provide a platform for elucidating pathogenic processes involving tau pathology. We carried out extensive characterizations of tau isoforms expressed in human neurons derived by microRNA-induced neuronal reprogramming of adult fibroblasts. Transcript and protein analyses showed miR-neurons expressed all six isoforms with the 3R:4R isoform ratio equivalent to that detected in human adult brains. Also, miR-neurons derived from familial tauopathypatients with a 3R:4R ratio altering mutation showed increased 4R tau and the formation of insoluble tau with seeding activity. Our results collectively demonstrate the utility of miRNA-induced neuronal reprogramming to recapitulate endogenous tau regulation comparable to the adult brain in health and disease.

2022-04-26 | GSE201084 | GEO

RNA sequencing of Tau overexpressing human SH-SY5Y cell line revels that Tau protein is able to alter global gene expression and chromatin structure

Project description:Alzheimer’s disease and tauopathies are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the alteration of neuronal homeostasis and aggregation of Tau protein. Tau is generally considered a protein involved in cytoskeletal stability and transport whose destabilization leads to neuronal dysfunction and death. Despite the knowledge about canonical roles of Tau, in recent years it has been observed that Tau is a key player in several neuronal functions. We previously described that Tau destabilization and nuclear delocalization alters the expression of glutamatergic genes mediating early neuronal damage. In this paper we propose that Tau is able to deeply affect the neuronal transcriptome and that its availability is associated to gene expression alterations occurring in developing intermediate AD phases. In addition, we identify the epigenetic pathway as strongly altered by Tau during AD progression.

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miR-18a regulates the miRNAs by target Dicer in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma HK-1 cell.

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MiR-129-5p downregulates HuD expression impairing neuritogenesis in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Project description:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) involves the degeneration of brain and spinal cord motor neurons. Mutations in Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1), TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) and Fused-in-Sarcoma (FUS) account for 20-30 % of the familial ALS (fALS) cases. The RNA-binding proteins TDP-43 and FUS function in mRNA and miRNA biogenesis. MiRNAs are required for survival of neurons and deregulation of miRNA expression has been reported in several neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we report the dysregulation of DROSHA, DGCR8, and DICER in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells expressing the ALS-associated SOD1(G93A) mutant protein. MiRNA profiling in SH-SY5Y/SOD1(G93A) cells and transgenic SOD1(G93A) mice revealed upregulation of miR-129-5p at the early stage of disease. Moreover, miR-129-5p is also upregulated in lymphocytes of sporadic ALS patients. We demonstrate that miR-129-5p targets ELAVL4/HuD mRNA by binding to its 3’ UTR, which reduces HuD expression and impairs differentiation and neurite outgrowth. Conversely, treatment with an antagomir or complementation with HuD protein restores neuritogenesis. Collectively, our study identifies miR-129-5p and HuD as key regulators of neuronal differentiation and as potential therapeutic targets for ALS.

2018-02-01 | GSE94379 | GEO

SIRT6-CBP dependent Nuclear Tau Accumulation and its Role in Protein Synthesis.

Project description:Several neurodegenerative diseases present Tau accumulation as the main pathological marker. Tau post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation and acetylation are increased in neurodegenerative patients. Here, we show that Tau hyper-acetylation at residue 174 increases its own nuclear presence and is the result of DNA damage signaling or the lack of SIRT6, both causative of neurodegeneration. Tau-K174ac is deacetylated in the nucleus by SIRT6. However, lack of SIRT6 or chronic DNA damage result in nuclear Tau-K174ac accumulation. Once there, it induces global changes in gene expression affecting protein translation, synthesis and energy production. Concomitantly, AD patients showed increased Nucleolin and a decrease in SIRT6 levels. AD patients present increased levels of nuclear Tau, particularly Tau-K174ac. Our results suggest that increased Tau-K174ac in AD patients is the result of DNA damage signaling and SIRT6 depletion. We propose that Tau-K174ac toxicity is due to its increased stability, nuclear accumulation and nucleolar dysfunction.

2021-04-02 | GSE171342 | GEO

miR-18a regulates the miRNAs by target Dicer in Nasopharyngeal carcinoma HK-1 cell.

Project description:As the biogenesis of miRNAs depends on the cleavage by the RNase III enzyme Dicer, miR-18a may change the miRNA expression profiles by targeting dicer. We then performed the miRNA array assay to investigate the miRNA profiles change caused by miR-18a. Total RNA obtained from two pairs,one is the miR-18a overexpression cell line compared to the miRNAs (control), the other is the over-expression miR-18a cell line transfected Dicer plasmid.

2012-03-01 | E-GEOD-32680 | biostudies-arrayexpress

T cell activation decreases microRNA-15a/16 levels as a mechanism to promote MEK1-ERK1/2-Elk1 signaling for optimal proliferative capacity

Project description:While microRNAs (miRs) have been extensively studied in the context of malignancy and tumor progression, their functions in regulating T cell activation are less clear. We found reduced levels of miR-15a/16 at 3-18 h post-T cell receptor (TCR) stimulation, suggesting a role in shaping T cell activation. An inducible miR15a/16 transgenic mouse model was developed to determine how elevating miR-15a/16 levels during early stages of activation would affect T cell proliferation and to identify TCR signaling pathways regulated by this miR pair. Doxycyclin (DOX) induced expression of miR-15a/16 from 0-18 h post-TCR stimulation decreased ex vivo proliferation as well as in vivo antigen-specific proliferation. Bioinformatic and proteomic approaches were combined to identify MEK1 as a target of miR-15a/16. MEK1 targeting by miR-15a/16 was confirmed using miR mimics that decreased MEK1 containing the 3’-UTR target nucleotide sequence (UGCUGCUA) but did not decrease MEK1 containing a mutated control sequence (AAAAAAAA). Phosphorylation of downstream signaling molecules ERK1/2 and Elk1 were decreased with DOX-induced miR-15a/16 expression. In addition to MEK1, ERK1 was subsequently found to be targeted by miR-15a/16, with DOX induced miR-15a/16 reducing total ERK1 levels in T cells. These findings show that TCR stimulation reduces miR-15a/16 levels at early stages of T cell activation to facilitate increased MEK1 and ERK1, and this promotes sustained MEK1-ERK1/2-Elk1 signaling required for optimal proliferation.

2022-04-04 | PXD030935 | Pride

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