ChIP-seq with anti-ZBTB17 antibody in HeLa cells to find target genes
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE239778 | GEO | 2024/08/20
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The lysine acetyltransferase KAT6A (MOZ, MYST3) belongs to the MYST family of chromatin regulators, facilitating histone acetylation. Dysregulation of KAT6A has been implicated in developmental syndromes and the onset of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Previous work suggests that KAT6A is recruited to its genomic targets by a combinatorial function of histone binding PHD fingers, transcription factors and chromatin binding interaction partners. Here, we demonstrate that a winged helix (WH) domain at the very N-terminus of KAT6A specifically interacts with unmethylated CpG motifs. This DNA binding function leads to the association of KAT6A with unmethylated CpG islands (CGIs) genome-wide. Mutation of the essential amino acids for DNA binding completely abrogates the enrichment of KAT6A at CGIs. In contrast, deletion of a second WH domain or the histone tail binding PHD fingers only subtly influences the binding of KAT6A to CGIs. Overexpression of a KAT6A WH1 mutant has a dominant negative effect on H3K9 histone acetylation, which is comparable to the effects upon overexpression of a KAT6A HAT domain mutant. Taken together, our work revealed a previously unrecognized chromatin recruitment mechanism of KAT6A, offering a new perspective on the role of KAT6A in gene regulation and human diseases.
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Project description:The DNA-binding protein CTCF and the cohesin complex function together to shape chromatin architecture in mammalian cells, but the molecular details of this process remain unclear. We demonstrate that a 79 amino acid region within the CTCF N-terminal domain but not the C-terminus is necessary for cohesin positioning at CTCF binding sites and chromatin loop formation. However, the N-terminus of CTCF, when fused to artificial zinc fingers that do not bind to CTCF DNA binding sites was not sufficient to redirect cohesin to different genomic locations, indicating that cohesin positioning by CTCF does not involve direct protein-protein interactions with cohesin subunits. BORIS (CTCFL), a germlinespecific paralog of CTCF was unable to anchor cohesin to CTCF DNA binding sites. Furthermore, CTCF-BORIS Chimeric constructs provided evidence that both the first two CTCF zinc fingers and, likely, the 3D geometry of CTCF-DNA complexes are involved in cohesin retention. Moreover, we were able to convert BORIS into CTCF with respect to cohesin positioning, thus providing additional molecular details of the cohesin retention function of CTCF. Our data suggest that the N-terminus of CTCF and the 3D spatial conformation of the CTCF-DNA complex act as a roadblock to constrain cohesin movement along DNA.
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Project description:ZBTB24, encoding a protein of the ZBTB family of transcriptional regulators, is one of four known genes – the other three being DNMT3B, CDCA7 and HELLS – that are mutated in immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome, a genetic disorder characterized by DNA hypomethylation and antibody deficiency. The molecular mechanisms by which ZBTB24 regulates gene expression and the biological functions of ZBTB24 are poorly understood. Here we identified a 12-bp consensus sequence [CT(G/T)CCAGGACCT] occupied by ZBTB24 in the mouse genome. The sequence is present at multiple loci, including the Cdca7 promoter region, and ZBTB24 binding is mostly associated with gene activation. Crystallography and DNA-binding data revealed that the last four of the eight zinc fingers (ZFs) (i.e. ZF5-8) in ZBTB24 confer specificity of DNA binding. Two ICF missense mutations have been identified in the ZBTB24 ZF domain that alter zinc-binding cysteine residues. We demonstrated that the corresponding C382Y and C407G mutations in mouse ZBTB24 abolish specific DNA binding and fail to induce Cdca7 expression. Our analyses indicate, and suggest a structural basis for, the sequence specific recognition by a transcription factor centrally important for the pathogenesis of ICF syndrome.
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