Characterizing the gene expression profiles of 4T1 and 4T1.2 cells at different stages of bone metastsis using SMART-Seq2 technology
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE241165 | GEO | 2024/07/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The paper describes a model of tumor invasion to bone marrow.
Created by COPASI 4.26 (Build 213)
This model is described in the article:
Modeling invasion of metastasizing cancer cells to bone marrow utilizing ecological principles
Kun-Wan Chen, Kenneth J Pienta
Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling 2011, 8:36
Abstract:
Background: The invasion of a new species into an established ecosystem can be directly compared to the steps involved in cancer metastasis. Cancer must grow in a primary site, extravasate and survive in the circulation to then intravasate into target organ (invasive species survival in transport). Cancer cells often lay dormant at their metastatic site for a long period of time (lag period for invasive species) before proliferating (invasive spread). Proliferation in the new site has an impact on the target organ microenvironment (ecological impact) and eventually the human host (biosphere impact).
Results: Tilman has described mathematical equations for the competition between invasive species in a structured habitat. These equations were adapted to study the invasion of cancer cells into the bone marrow microenvironment as a structured habitat. A large proportion of solid tumor metastases are bone metastases, known to usurp hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) homing pathways to establish footholds in the bone marrow. This required accounting for the fact that this is the natural home of hematopoietic stem cells and that they already occupy this structured space. The adapted Tilman model of invasion dynamics is especially valuable for modeling the lag period or dormancy of cancer cells.
Conclusions: The Tilman equations for modeling the invasion of two species into a defined space have been modified to study the invasion of cancer cells into the bone marrow microenvironment. These modified equations allow a more flexible way to model the space competition between the two cell species. The ability to model initial density, metastatic seeding into the bone marrow and growth once the cells are present, and movement of cells out of the bone marrow niche and apoptosis of cells are all aspects of the adapted equations. These equations are currently being applied to clinical data sets for verification and further refinement of the models.
To cite BioModels Database, please use: BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published quantitative kinetic models .
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public domain worldwide.
Please refer to CC0 Public Domain Dedication for more information.
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000795 | BioModels
Project description:The paper describes a model of tumor invasion to bone marrow.
Created by COPASI 4.26 (Build 213)
This model is described in the article:
Modeling invasion of metastasizing cancer cells to bone marrow utilizing ecological principles
Kun-Wan Chen, Kenneth J Pienta
Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling 2011, 8:36
Abstract:
Background: The invasion of a new species into an established ecosystem can be directly compared to the steps involved in cancer metastasis. Cancer must grow in a primary site, extravasate and survive in the circulation to then intravasate into target organ (invasive species survival in transport). Cancer cells often lay dormant at their metastatic site for a long period of time (lag period for invasive species) before proliferating (invasive spread). Proliferation in the new site has an impact on the target organ microenvironment (ecological impact) and eventually the human host (biosphere impact).
Results: Tilman has described mathematical equations for the competition between invasive species in a structured habitat. These equations were adapted to study the invasion of cancer cells into the bone marrow microenvironment as a structured habitat. A large proportion of solid tumor metastases are bone metastases, known to usurp hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) homing pathways to establish footholds in the bone marrow. This required accounting for the fact that this is the natural home of hematopoietic stem cells and that they already occupy this structured space. The adapted Tilman model of invasion dynamics is especially valuable for modeling the lag period or dormancy of cancer cells.
Conclusions: The Tilman equations for modeling the invasion of two species into a defined space have been modified to study the invasion of cancer cells into the bone marrow microenvironment. These modified equations allow a more flexible way to model the space competition between the two cell species. The ability to model initial density, metastatic seeding into the bone marrow and growth once the cells are present, and movement of cells out of the bone marrow niche and apoptosis of cells are all aspects of the adapted equations. These equations are currently being applied to clinical data sets for verification and further refinement of the models.
To cite BioModels Database, please use: BioModels Database: An enhanced, curated and annotated resource for published quantitative kinetic models .
To the extent possible under law, all copyright and related or neighbouring rights to this encoded model have been dedicated to the public domain worldwide.
Please refer to CC0 Public Domain Dedication for more information.
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000793 | BioModels
Project description:Breast cancer cells display preferences for specific metastatic sites including the bone, lung and liver. Metastasis is a complex process that relies, in part, on interactions between disseminated cancer cells and resident/infiltrating stromal cells that constitute the metastatic microenvironment. Distinct immune infiltrates can either impair the metastatic process or conversely, assist in the seeding, colonization and growth of disseminated cancer cells. Using in vivo selection approaches, we previously isolated 4T1-derived breast cancer cells that preferentially metastasize to these organs and tissues. In this study, we examined whether the propensity of breast cancer cells to metastasize to the lung, liver or bone is associated with and dependent on distinct patterns of immune cell infiltration. Immunohistocytochemistry and immunohistofluorescence approaches were used to quantify granulocytic infiltrates within distinct metastases and depletion of Gr1+ cells was performed to functionally interrogate the role of myeloid/granulocytic infiltrates in promoting metastasis to these organs. We show that T lymphocytes (CD3+), myeloid-derived/granulocytic cells (Gr-1+) cells and neutrophils (NE+) exhibit the most pronounced recruitment in lung and liver metastases, with markedly less recruitment within bone metastatic lesions. Interestingly, these infiltrating cell populations display different patterns of localization within soft tissue metastases. T lymphocytes and neutrophils are localized around the periphery of liver metastases whereas they were dispersed throughout the lung metastases. Furthermore, Gr-1+ cell-depletion studies demonstrate that infiltrating myeloid-derived/granulocytic cells, including neutrophils, are essential for the formation of breast cancer liver metastases but dispensable for metastasis to the lung and bone. Finally, we demonstrate that neutrophils that infiltrate and surround the liver metastases are polarized towards an N2 phenotype, which have previously been shown to enhance tumor growth and metastasis. Our results demonstrate that the liver metastatic potential of breast cancer cells is heavily reliant on interactions with infiltrating myeloid/granulocytic cells in the liver microenvironment.
2015-03-20 | GSE62598 | GEO
Project description:Estrogen receptor (ER)-positive luminal breast cancer is a subtype with generally lower risk of metastasis to most distant organs. However, bone recurrence occurs preferentially in luminal cancer. The mechanisms of the subtype-specific organotropism remain elusive. Here we show that an ER-regulated secretory protein SCUBE2 contributes to bone tropism of luminal breast cancer. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals osteoblastic enrichment by SCUBE2 in early bone-metastatic niches. SCUBE2 facilitates release of tumor membrane-anchored SHH to activate Hedgehog signaling in mesenchymal stem cells, thus promoting osteoblast differentiation. Osteoblasts deposit collagens to suppress NK cells via the inhibitory LAIR1 signaling and promote tumor colonization. SCUBE2 expression and secretion are associated with osteoblast differentiation and bone metastasis in human tumors. Targeting Hedgehog by Sonidegib and targeting SCUBE2 with a neutralizing antibody both effectively suppress bone metastasis in multiple metastasis models. Overall, our findings provides an explanation for bone preference in luminal breast cancer and new approaches for metastasis treatment.
2023-04-15 | GSE186230 | GEO
Project description:Metastasis is the key cause of failure of cancer therapy or mortality, but targeting metastatic seeding and colonization remains an unresolved challenge. Here, we report a novel molecular event in cancer metastasis mediated by NSD2/Rac1 signaling and provide a detailed mechanistic investigation of cancer metastasis. We found that NSD2, a histone methyltransferase responsible for di-methylating histone 3 at lysine 36, was overexpressed in metastatic tumors, and overexpressed NSD2 enhanced tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. We further investigated that NSD2 promoted tumor metastasis by activating the Rac1 signaling pathway. Mechanistically, NSD2 methylated Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that facilitates GDP-Rac1 to GTP-Rac1 transition at K724. We demonstrated that Tiam1 K724 methylation plays a crucial role in Tiam1 activation and GDP-Rac1 to GTP-Rac1 transition. Specifically, we identified that Tiam1 K724 methylation could be a predictive factor in cancer prognosis, and we demonstrated that pharmacological blocking of Tiam1 K724 methylation by employing a transmembrane peptide inhibited tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, NSD2-methylated Tiam1 promoted Rac1 signaling activation and cancer metastasis, which might provide novel insights into tumor metastasis inhibition.
2023-07-29 | GSE237996 | GEO
Project description:Metastasis is the key cause of failure of cancer therapy or mortality, but targeting metastatic seeding and colonization remains an unresolved challenge. Here, we report a novel molecular event in cancer metastasis mediated by NSD2/Rac1 signaling and provide a detailed mechanistic investigation of cancer metastasis. We found that NSD2, a histone methyltransferase responsible for di-methylating histone 3 at lysine 36, was overexpressed in metastatic tumors, and overexpressed NSD2 enhanced tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. We further investigated that NSD2 promoted tumor metastasis by activating the Rac1 signaling pathway. Mechanistically, NSD2 methylated Tiam1, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that facilitates GDP-Rac1 to GTP-Rac1 transition at K724. We demonstrated that Tiam1 K724 methylation plays a crucial role in Tiam1 activation and GDP-Rac1 to GTP-Rac1 transition. Specifically, we identified that Tiam1 K724 methylation could be a predictive factor in cancer prognosis, and we demonstrated that pharmacological blocking of Tiam1 K724 methylation by employing a transmembrane peptide inhibited tumor metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Thus, NSD2-methylated Tiam1 promoted Rac1 signaling activation and cancer metastasis, which might provide novel insights into tumor metastasis inhibition.
2023-07-23 | GSE237714 | GEO
Project description:It is estimated that only 0.02% of disseminated tumor cells are able to seed overt metastases1. While this suggests the presence of environmental constraints to metastatic seeding, the landscape of host factors controlling this process remains largely unknown. Combining transposon technology2 and fluorescent niche labeling3, we developed an in vivo CRISPR activation screen to systematically investigate the interactions between hepatocytes and metastatic cells. Our approach enabled the identification of Plexin B2 as a critical host-derived regulator of liver colonization in colorectal, pancreatic cancer and melanoma syngeneic mouse models. We dissect a mechanism by which Plexin B2 interacts with class IV semaphorins on tumor cells, leading to Klf4 upregulation and thereby promoting the acquisition of epithelial traits. Our findings highlight the essential role of signals from the liver parenchyma for the seeding of disseminated tumor cells, prior to the establishment of a growth promoting niche. They further suggest that epithelialization is required for the adaptation of CRC metastases to their new tissue environment. Blocking the Plexin B2-semaphorin axis abolishes metastatic colonization of the liver and thus represents a new therapeutic strategy for the prevention of hepatic metastases. Finally, our screening approach, which evaluates host-derived extrinsic signals rather than tumor-intrinsic factors for their ability to promote metastatic seeding, is broadly applicable and lays a framework for the screening of environmental constraints to metastasis in other organs and cancer types.
2024-05-21 | GSE267981 | GEO
Project description:It is estimated that only 0.02% of disseminated tumor cells are able to seed overt metastases1. While this suggests the presence of environmental constraints to metastatic seeding, the landscape of host factors controlling this process remains largely unknown. Combining transposon technology2 and fluorescent niche labeling3, we developed an in vivo CRISPR activation screen to systematically investigate the interactions between hepatocytes and metastatic cells. Our approach enabled the identification of Plexin B2 as a critical host-derived regulator of liver colonization in colorectal, pancreatic cancer and melanoma syngeneic mouse models. We dissect a mechanism by which Plexin B2 interacts with class IV semaphorins on tumor cells, leading to Klf4 upregulation and thereby promoting the acquisition of epithelial traits. Our findings highlight the essential role of signals from the liver parenchyma for the seeding of disseminated tumor cells, prior to the establishment of a growth promoting niche. They further suggest that epithelialization is required for the adaptation of CRC metastases to their new tissue environment. Blocking the Plexin B2-semaphorin axis abolishes metastatic colonization of the liver and thus represents a new therapeutic strategy for the prevention of hepatic metastases. Finally, our screening approach, which evaluates host-derived extrinsic signals rather than tumor-intrinsic factors for their ability to promote metastatic seeding, is broadly applicable and lays a framework for the screening of environmental constraints to metastasis in other organs and cancer types.
2024-05-21 | GSE267982 | GEO
Project description:Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy kills most cancer cells, however, the residual cells enter into dormant state. The dormant cancer cells can be reactivated under specific circumstances. Tumor-derived exosomes are the main mediators of tumorigenesis. We are aiming to elucidate the roles of exosomes from cisplatin-induced dormant lung cancer cells in the tumor recurrence and metastasis. We performed differential proteome in dormant A549 cell- and A549 cell-derived exosomes.
2022-10-17 | PXD037475 |
Project description:Bone is a frequent target of lung cancer metastasis, which is associated with significant morbidity and a dismal prognosis. To identify and functionally characterize genes involved in the mechanisms of osseous metastasis we developed a murine lung cancer model. Comparative transcriptomic analysis identified genes encoding signaling molecules (such as TCF4 and PRKD3), and cell anchorage related proteins (MCAM, and SUSD5), some of which were basally modulated by TGFbeta in tumor cells and in conditions mimicking tumor-stroma interactions. Triple gene combinations induced not only high osteoclastogenic activity but also a marked enhancement of global metalloproteolytic activities in vitro. These effects were strongly associated with robust bone colonization in vivo, whereas this gene subset was ineffective in promoting local tumor growth and cell homing activity to bone. Interestingly, global inhibition of metalloproteolytic activities and simultaneous TGFbeta blockade in vivo led to increased survival and a remarkable attenuation of bone tumor burden and osteolytic metastasis. Thus, this metastatic gene signature mediates bone-matrix degradation by a dual mechanism of induction of TGFbeta-dependent osteoclastogenic bone resorption and enhancement of stroma-dependent metalloproteolytic activities. Our findings suggest the cooperative contribution of host-derived and cell-autonomous effects directed by a small subset of genes in mediating aggressive osseous colonization. Keywords: disease state analysis of human metastatic cell lines
2008-02-15 | GSE10096 | GEO