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An engineered trafficking biosensor reveals a role for DNAJC13 in DOR downregulation

ABSTRACT: Trafficking of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) through the endo-lysosomal pathway is critical to homeostatic regulation of GPCRs following activation with agonist. Identifying the genes involved in GPCR trafficking is challenging due to the complexity of sorting operations and low affinity protein-receptor interactions. Here we show that the engineered enzyme APEX2 is a highly sensitive biosensor for GPCR trafficking to the lysosome, and this trafficking can be monitored through APEX-based activation of fluorogenic substrates such as Amplex UltraRed (AUR). We used GPCR-APEX2/AUR to perform a genome-wide CRISPR interference screen focused on the delta type opioid receptor (DOR), a GPCR which modulates anxiety and pain. We provide a genetic map of components in the endo-lysosomal pathway necessary for DOR trafficking to the lysosome and subsequent downregulation. Using our GPCR-APEX2 pipeline, we demonstrate that a gene identified in our screen, DNAJC13, controls trafficking of DOR to the lysosome by regulating the endosomal proteome and endosomal homeostasis.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE242366 | GEO | 2024/07/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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A genome-wide CRISPR interference screen using an engineered trafficking biosensor reveals a role for DNAJC13 in opioid receptor downregulation

Project description:G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activity is critically regulated by trafficking through the endo-lysosomal pathway. Identifying the genes involved in GPCR trafficking is challenging due the complexity of sorting operations and low affinity protein-receptor interactions. Here we show that the engineered enzyme APEX2 is a highly sensitive biosensor for GPCR trafficking to the lysosome, and this trafficking can be monitored through APEX-based activation of fluorogenic substrates such as Amplex UltraRed (AUR). Using our GPCR-APEX2/AUR pipeline, we demonstrate that a gene identified in our screen, DNAJC13, plays a conserved role in the trafficking of activated DOR to the lysosome. To determine how depletion of DNAJC13 changes the local proteome of DOR-positive endosomes in cultured cells, we made cell lines stably expressing DOR-APEX2 or GFP-APEX2 (cytoplasmic). We then used siRNAs to knockdown DNAJC13 from DOR-APEX2 cells and compared these results to a siRNA control. Three independent biological replicates of the proximity labeling reaction were performed follow by purification of the biotinylated proteins, trypsinization, purification of peptides, TMT labeling, and detection and analysis by MS. In addition, this TMT-dataset (18-plex) contains 6 additional samples of from an independent experiment analyzing the proximity labeling of a 2xFYVE-GFP-APEX2 construct, but these samples were not included in further data analysis. We found that the DOR proximal proteome was highly enriched in endosomal proteins compared to the cytoplasmic control, and found 13 proteins significantly changed (FDR<0.1) with DNAJC13 knockdown.

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LOSS OF THE BATTEN DISEASE PROTEIN CLN3 LEADS TO MIS-TRAFFICKING OF M6PR AND DEFECTIVE AUTOPHAGIC-LYSOSOMAL REFORMATION

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Project description:Purpose: Endosomal-lysosomal system is one of the pivotal degradation system for a varieties of extracellular substances, of which dysfunction has been indicated to be associated with cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. This degradation process consists of multiple steps; uptake of extracellular molecules, endosomal formation and its transportation to lysosomes, and digestion by lysosomal enzymes. Whereas TFEB, is a transcriptional factor, has been well studied as a master regulator of cellular uptake and lysosomal function, a key regulatory mechanism for endosomal maturation remains unclear. We previously found that isorhamnetin, a dietary flavonoid, enhanced the endosomal-lysosomal proteolysis in J774.1 macrophage-like cell line, which was independent on mTORC1-TFEB axis. In this study, we analyzed the molecular mechanism of activated endosomal-lysosomal degradation by isorhamnetin.

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CRISPR knockout screen implicates three genes in lysosome function

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NPC1 regulates the distribution of phosphatidylinositol 4 kinases at Golgi and Lysosome membranes

Project description:Cholesterol and phosphoinositides (PI) are two critically important lipids that are found in cellular membranes and dysregulated in many disorders. Therefore, uncovering molecular pathways connecting these essential lipids may offer new therapeutic insights. We report that loss of function of lysosomal Niemann-Pick Type C1 (NPC1) cholesterol transporter, which leads to neurodegenerative NPC disease, initiates a signaling cascade that alters the cholesterol/phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PtdIns4P) countertransport cycle between Golgi-endoplasmic reticulum (ER), as well as lysosome-ER membrane contact sites (MCS). Central to these disruptions is increased recruitment of phosphatidylinositol 4-kinases-PI4KIIα and PI4KIIIβ-which boosts PtdIns4P metabolism at Golgi and lysosomal membranes. Aberrantly increased PtdIns4P levels elevate constitutive anterograde secretion from the Golgi complex, and mTORC1 recruitment to lysosomes. NPC1 disease mutations phenocopy the transporter loss of function and can be rescued by inhibition or knockdown of either key phosphoinositide enzymes or their recruiting partners. In summary, we show that the lysosomal NPC1 cholesterol transporter tunes the molecular content of Golgi and lysosome MCS to regulate intracellular trafficking and growth signaling in health and disease.

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