Multi-organ Transcriptome Atlas of a Mouse Model of Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs)
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE243060 | GEO | 2024/08/07
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:A C57BL6/J (B6) x CAST/Ei (CAST) strain intercross was used to identify the first mammalian QTL for macronutrient-specific intake (carbohydrate and fat) and for total energy intake. A region on proximal Chromosome 17 revealed two significant QTL that co-localized for increased macronutrient intake-carbohydrate (Mnic1) and total kilocalorie intake (Kcal2), adjusted for body weight. An interval-specific congenic strain, B6.CAST-17, was then developed which verified the QTL. A new sub-congenic strain was developed which retained the linked traits. Important new findings emerged shows that this congenic interval confers an activity phenotype, i.e., mice carrying the differential segment have 20% higher spontaneous physical activity levels compared with the host B6 strain. We hypothesize that this Chromosome 17 QTL is either encoded by a single gene locus that determines both food intake and physical activity, or by two or more genes, each determining a sub-phenotype of energy balance. Microarray analysis of skeletal muscle and hypothalamus in congenic and wild type B6 mice was carried out to identify potential candidate genes for the activity and food intake behavior. Keywords: macronutrient-specific intake, sub-congenic strain
2009-02-12 | GSE10517 | GEO
Project description:The metabolic perturbations caused by competitive rugby are not well characterized. Our aim is to utilize untargeted metabolomics to develop appropriate interventions, based on the metabolic fluctuations that occur in response to this collision-based team sport. Seven members of an English Premiership rugby squad consented to provide blood, urine, and saliva samples daily, over a competitive week including gameday (GD), with physical demands and dietary intake also recorded. Sample collection, processing and statistical analysis were performed in accordance with best practice set out by the metabolomics standards initiative employing 700 MHz NMR spectroscopy. Univariate and multivariate statistical analysis were employed to reveal the acute energy needs of this high intensity sport are met via glycolysis, the TCA cycle and gluconeogenesis. The recovery period after cessation of match play and prior to training recommencing sees a re-entry to gluconeogenesis, coupled with markers of oxidative stress, structural protein degradation, and reduced fatty acid metabolism. This novel insight leads us to propose that effective recovery from muscle damaging collisions is dependent upon the availability of glucose. An adjustment in the periodisation of carbohydrate to increase GD+1 provision may prevent the oxidation of amino acids which may also be crucial to allay markers of structural tissue degradation. Should we expand the 'Fuel for the work required' paradigm in collision-based team sports to include 'Fuel for the damage induced'?
2021-09-06 | MTBLS2967 | MetaboLights
Project description:Food composition of diets strongly determines the risk of experiencing inflammation related metabolic or cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the extent of inheritance of inflammatory responses to isocaloric changes in food composition as a prerequisite of personalized dietary recommendations in human twins. 34 monozygotic and 12 dizygotic healthy pairs of twins recruited from a twin register (HealthTwiSt, Berlin, Germany) or by public advertisements completed the study. All participants received a low fat diet (55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein) for 6 weeks (CID1=LF thereafter) followed by 6 weeks of a high fat diet (40% carbohydrate, 45% fat, 15% protein) (CID2=HF1 after 1 week, and CID3=HF6 after 6 weeks of high fat diet). Both diets were isocloric. A physical examination, anthropometry (DEXA scan), and medical history were obtained and 12h fasted blood was collected at 8:00 a.m. on study days. Resting energy expenditure (indirect calorimetry) and physical activity level (PAL) was assessed by questionnaire and dietary food records for five days were completed before and during the study. Fasting blood levels of cytokines, chemokines and adipokines were determined by ELISA. The participants were instructed, trained and accompanied by an experienced nutritionist. Individual energy requirements were calculated based on participants REE and PAL. Participants received a list of 94 foods items and individual daily meal plans on how to exchange and combine these foods and energy intake was adjusted according to body weight if needed. Seven days before the LF, HF1 and HF6 examination days 70 percent of the food was provided to ensure standardized dietary patterns for all participants. A biopsy of periumbilical abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue was performed on each CID for gene expression analysis.
2014-10-10 | E-GEOD-62199 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Hunger, driven by negative energy balance, elicits the search for and consumption of food. In mammals, this is orchestrated principally through the activity of neurons in the hypothalamus, direct manipulation of which can potently drive food intake. However, the neural circuits outside of the hypothalamus that control feeding are poorly understood. Here, we identify two functionally opponent cell types within the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN), marked by the vesicular transporters for GABA (Vgat) or glutamate (VGLUT3), that project to many known feeding centers and rapidly control feeding. We find that DRNVgat neurons drive, while DRNVGLUT3 neurons suppress, food intake. Furthermore, through the development and application of cell type-specific molecular profiling technologies, we identify many differentially expressed transmembrane receptors, which may represent unique druggable targets. Local application of agonists for these receptors potently modulates feeding, recapitulating the effects of cell-specific manipulations. Together, these data establish a key role for the DRN in controlling food intake and add an important anatomic site that controls energy balance.
2017-06-09 | GSE87890 | GEO
Project description:Loss of ovarian function imparts increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease. These effects are largely attributed to decreased estradiol (E2), but the role of increased follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in modulating energy balance has not been fully investigated. Previous work that inhibited FSH activity in mice suggested this hormone may play a part in modulating body weight and energy expenditure after ovariectomy. We used an alternate approach to experimentally isolate the individual and combined contributions of FSH and E2 in mediating energy imbalance and changes in tissue-level metabolic health. Female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and given the GnRH antagonist degarelix to suppress FSH production. E2 and FSH were then added back individually and in combination for a period of 3 weeks. Energy balance, body mass composition, and transcriptomic profiles of individual tissues were obtained. In contrast to previous studies, ablation and replacement of FSH in our paradigm had no effect on body weight, body composition, food intake, or energy expenditure. We did, however, observe organ-specific effects of FSH that produced unique transcriptomic signatures of FSH in retroperitoneal white adipose tissue. These included reductions in biological processes related to lipogenesis and carbohydrate transport. Additionally, rats administered FSH had reduced liver triglyceride concentration (p<0.001), which correlated with FSH-induced changes at the transcriptomic level. While not appearing to modulate energy balance after loss of ovarian function in rats, FSH may still impart tissue-specific effects in the liver and white adipose tissue that might affect the metabolic health of those organs.
2023-11-28 | GSE248104 | GEO
Project description:Loss of ovarian function imparts increased susceptibility to obesity and metabolic disease. These effects are largely attributed to decreased estradiol (E2), but the role of increased follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) in modulating energy balance has not been fully investigated. Previous work that inhibited FSH activity in mice suggested this hormone may play a part in modulating body weight and energy expenditure after ovariectomy. We used an alternate approach to experimentally isolate the individual and combined contributions of FSH and E2 in mediating energy imbalance and changes in tissue-level metabolic health. Female Wistar rats were ovariectomized and given the GnRH antagonist degarelix to suppress FSH production. E2 and FSH were then added back individually and in combination for a period of 3 weeks. Energy balance, body mass composition, and transcriptomic profiles of individual tissues were obtained. In contrast to previous studies, ablation and replacement of FSH in our paradigm had no effect on body weight, body composition, food intake, or energy expenditure. We did, however, observe organ-specific effects of FSH that produced unique transcriptomic signatures of FSH in retroperitoneal white adipose tissue. These included reductions in biological processes related to lipogenesis and carbohydrate transport. Additionally, rats administered FSH had reduced liver triglyceride concentration (p<0.001), which correlated with FSH-induced changes at the transcriptomic level. While not appearing to modulate energy balance after loss of ovarian function in rats, FSH may still impart tissue-specific effects in the liver and white adipose tissue that might affect the metabolic health of those organs.
2023-11-18 | GSE247952 | GEO
Project description:Background: Anorexia is a common symptom among cancer patients and contributes to malnutrition and strongly impinges on quality of life. Cancer-induced anorexia is thought to be caused by an inability of food intake-regulating systems in the hypothalamus to respond adequately to negative energy balance during tumour growth. Here, we show that this impaired response of food-intake control is likely to be mediated by altered serotonin signalling and by failure in post-transcriptional neuropeptide Y (NPY) regulation. Methods: Two tumour cachectic mouse models with different food intake behaviours were used: a C26-colon adenocarcinoma model with increased food intake and a Lewis lung carcinoma model with decreased food intake. This contrast in food intake behaviour between tumour-bearing (TB) mice in response to growth of the two different tumours was used to distinguish between processes involved in cachexia and mechanisms that might be important in food intake regulation. The hypothalamus was used for transcriptomics (affymetrix chips). Results: In both models, hypothalamic expression of orexigenic NPY was significantly higher compared with controls, suggesting that this change does not directly reflect food intake status but might be linked to negative energy balance in cachexia. Expression of genes involved in serotonin signalling showed to be different between C26-TB mice and Lewis lung carcinoma-TB mice and was inversely associated with food intake. In vitro, using hypothalamic cell lines, serotonin repressed neuronal hypothalamic NPY secretion while not affecting messenger NPY expression, suggesting that serotonin signalling can interfere with NPY synthesis, transport, or secretion. Conclusions: Altered serotonin signalling is associated with changes in food intake behaviour in cachectic TB mice. Serotonins' inhibitory effect on food intake under cancer cachectic conditions is probably via affecting the NPY system. Therefore, serotonin regulation might be a therapeutic target to prevent the development of cancer-induced eating disorders.
2014-10-31 | GSE57189 | GEO
Project description:Background: Anorexia is a common symptom among cancer patients and contributes to malnutrition and strongly impinges on quality of life. Cancer-induced anorexia is thought to be caused by an inability of food intake-regulating systems in the hypothalamus to respond adequately to negative energy balance during tumour growth. Here, we show that this impaired response of food-intake control is likely to be mediated by altered serotonin signalling and by failure in post-transcriptional neuropeptide Y (NPY) regulation. Methods: Two tumour cachectic mouse models with different food intake behaviours were used: a C26-colon adenocarcinoma model with increased food intake and a Lewis lung carcinoma model with decreased food intake. This contrast in food intake behaviour between tumour-bearing (TB) mice in response to growth of the two different tumours was used to distinguish between processes involved in cachexia and mechanisms that might be important in food intake regulation. The hypothalamus was used for transcriptomics (affymetrix chips). Results: In both models, hypothalamic expression of orexigenic NPY was significantly higher compared with controls, suggesting that this change does not directly reflect food intake status but might be linked to negative energy balance in cachexia. Expression of genes involved in serotonin signalling showed to be different between C26-TB mice and Lewis lung carcinoma-TB mice and was inversely associated with food intake. In vitro, using hypothalamic cell lines, serotonin repressed neuronal hypothalamic NPY secretion while not affecting messenger NPY expression, suggesting that serotonin signalling can interfere with NPY synthesis, transport, or secretion. Conclusions: Altered serotonin signalling is associated with changes in food intake behaviour in cachectic TB mice. Serotonins' inhibitory effect on food intake under cancer cachectic conditions is probably via affecting the NPY system. Therefore, serotonin regulation might be a therapeutic target to prevent the development of cancer-induced eating disorders.
2014-10-31 | GSE57188 | GEO
Project description:How signals from fatty acid metabolism are translated into changes in food intake remains unclear. Previously we reported that mice with a genetic inactivation of Acads (short-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase), encoding the enzyme responsible for mitochondrial beta-oxidation of C4-C6 short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), shift consumption away from fat and toward carbohydrate when offered a choice. This finding demonstrated that the loss of a specific enzyme in fatty acid oxidation alters the choice of diet intake. To our knowledge, there are no reports of studies on the effects of dietary fat on the brain transcriptome in genetic models of fatty acid oxidation deficiency. The current study aimed to identify molecular mediators underlying the effects of SCFA oxidation deficiency on food intake. The current study aimed to identify molecular mediators underlying the effects of SCFA oxidation deficiency on food intake. We performed a transcriptional screen for gene expression in brain tissue of Acads-/- and Acads+/+ mice fed either high-fat (HF) or low-fat (LF) diet for 2 d. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed three top-scoring pathways significantly modified by genotype or diet: oxidative phosphorylation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and CREB signaling in neurons. A comparison of statistically significant responses in HF Acads-/- vs. HF Acads+/+ (3917) and Acads+/+ HF vs. LF Acads+/+ (3879) revealed 2551 genes or approximately 65% in common between the two experimental comparisons. All but one of these genes were expressed in opposite direction with similar magnitude, demonstrating that Acads-deficient mice fed HF diet display transcriptional responses that mimic those of wildtype Acads+/+ mice fed LF diet. Intriguingly, genes involved in energy sensing and metabolism followed this pattern. Quantitative RT-PCR in hypothalamus confirmed the dysregulation of several genes in these pathways. Western blotting showed that the combination of Acads deficiency and HF diet increased hypothalamic AMP-kinase, a key protein in an energy-sensing cascade that responds to depletion of ATP. Our results suggest that the decreased beta oxidation of short-chain fatty acids in Acads-deficient mice fed HF diet produces a state of energy deficiency in the brain and that AMP-kinase is the cellular energy-sensing mechanism linking fatty acid oxidation to feeding behavior in this model.
2012-12-20 | GSE35180 | GEO
