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MALAT1 is required for phenotypic consequences of TET2 mutations in myeloid neoplasms.

ABSTRACT: Loss of function mutations inTET2(LOF) occur in up to 58% and 30% of myeloid malignancies and clonal hematopoiesis (CH) respectively. Genetically engineered murine models of Tet2 LOF display splenomegaly, granulomonocytic expansion, and increased bone marrow hematopoietic stem and progenitors. However, the direct downstream effectors of TET2 LOF leading to this phenotype are unknown. Using multiome single cell sequencing from a cohort of severe COVID patients with or without TET2 mutations we show that MALAT1, a therapeutically tractable long non-coding RNA, is overexpressed and is both necessary and sufficient to induce TET2 LOF phenotypes. We additionally demonstrate that TET2 LOF leads to decrease activity of the transcriptional repressor EGR1 leading to upregulation of MALAT1. This upregulation then leads to sustained NFkB activity by inhibiting the phosphatase activity of PP2A on P65 resulting in increased pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6 required for TET2 LOF phenotypes in MALAT1 overexpressing mice

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE243492 | GEO | 2024/08/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 Controls Cell Cycle Progression by Regulating the Expression of Oncogenic Transcription Factor B-MYB

Project description:Transcriptome analysis of control and MALAT1 lncRNA-depleted RNA samples from human diploid lung fibroblasts [WI38] The long noncoding MALAT1 RNA is upregulated in cancer tissues and its elevated expression is associated with hyper-proliferation, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. We demonstrate that MALAT1 levels are regulated during normal cell cycle progression. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses in normal human diploid fibroblasts reveal that MALAT1 modulates the expression of cell cycle genes, and is required for G1/S and mitotic progression. Depletion of MALAT1 leads to activation of p53 and its target genes. The cell cycle defects observed in MALAT1-depleted cells are sensitive to p53 levels, indicating that p53 is a major downstream mediator of MALAT1 activity. Furthermore, MALAT1-depleted cells display reduced expression of B-MYB (Mybl2), an oncogenic transcription factor involved in G2/M progression, due to altered binding of splicing factors on B-MYB pre-mRNA and aberrant alternative splicing. In human cells, MALAT1 promotes cellular proliferation by modulating the expression and/or pre-mRNA processing of cell cycle-regulated transcription factors. These findings provide mechanistic insights on the role of MALAT1 in regulating cellular proliferation. We analyzed RNA from control and MALAT1 depleted WI38 cells using the Affymetrix Human Exon 1.0 ST platform. Array data was analyzed by Partek Genomic Suite software.

2013-01-29 | E-GEOD-43830 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Long Noncoding RNA MALAT1 Controls Cell Cycle Progression by Regulating the Expression of Oncogenic Transcription Factor B-MYB

Project description:The long noncoding MALAT1 RNA is upregulated in cancer tissues and its elevated expression is associated with hyper-proliferation, but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. We demonstrate that MALAT1 levels are regulated during normal cell cycle progression. Genome-wide transcriptome analyses in normal human diploid fibroblasts reveal that MALAT1 modulates the expression of cell cycle genes, and is required for G1/S and mitotic progression. Depletion of MALAT1 leads to activation of p53 and its target genes. The cell cycle defects observed in MALAT1-depleted cells are sensitive to p53 levels, indicating that p53 is a major downstream mediator of MALAT1 activity. Furthermore, MALAT1-depleted cells display reduced expression of B-MYB (Mybl2), an oncogenic transcription factor involved in G2/M progression, due to altered binding of splicing factors on B-MYB pre-mRNA and aberrant alternative splicing. In human cells, MALAT1 promotes cellular proliferation by modulating the expression and/or premRNA processing of cell cycle-regulated transcription factors. These findings provide mechanistic insights on the role of MALAT1 in regulating cellular proliferation. Keywords: MALAT1; MALAT-1, NEAT2, ncRNA; E2F, alternative splicing; pre-mRNA splicing factors WI38 cells (normal human diploid fibroblasts) were transfected with a control oligo (CTR) or antisense oligos to MALAT1 and RNA was isolated after 48 hr. Two antisense oligos were use for MALAT1 (AS-1 and AS-2). Arrays were done for 3 sets of samples in triplicate (control, AS-1 and AS-2).

2014-05-16 | E-GEOD-44240 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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2012-06-24 | E-GEOD-37705 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Effects of the long noncoding RNA Malat1 on gene expression [MoEx-1_0-st]

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2012-06-24 | E-GEOD-37706 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Differential Gene expression in the mouse mammary tumors of PyMT-Malat1 wild-type (WT), PyMT-Malat1 knockout (KO) and PyMT-Malat1 knockout with Malat1 transgene expression (TG)

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2018-09-18 | GSE110239 | GEO

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2011-07-01 | E-GEOD-27816 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Overexpressed Malat1 drives metastasis through inflammatory reprogramming of lung adenocarcinoma microenvironment

Project description:Although the expression of some long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), including MALAT1 (metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1), is predictive of metastasis, their impact and mechanism of action remain elusive. Here we use CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) to model MALAT1/Malat1 overexpression in patient-derived lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cell lines and in the autochthonous K-ras/p53 LUAD mouse model. The results indicate that Malat1 overexpression alone is sufficient to enable the progression of LUAD to metastatic disease. We show that overexpressed MALAT1/Malat1 enhances cell mobility and promotes the recruitment of pro-tumor macrophages to the tumor microenvironment through paracrine secretion of the CCL2/Ccl2 cytokine. We determine that Ccl2 upregulation results from an increase in global chromatin accessibility upon Malat1 overexpression. Importantly, macrophage depletion and Ccl2 blockade counteracted the effects of Malat1 overexpression. These data demonstrate that a single lncRNA can drive LUAD metastasis through reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment.

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