Erythromycin mediates co-flocculation between cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 and filamentous fungi in liquid cultivation without organic compounds.
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
PROVIDER: GSE244152 | GEO | 2024/05/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Photoautotrophic cyanobacteria assimilate the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide as their sole carbon source for producing useful bioproducts. However, harvesting the cells from their liquid media is a major bottleneck in the process. Thus, an easy-to-harvest method, such as auto-flocculation, is desirable. Here, we found that cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 co-flocculated with a natural fungal contamination in the presence of the antibiotic erythromycin (EM) but not without EM. The fungi in the co-flocculated biomass were isolated and found to consist of five species with the filamentous Purpureocillium lilacinum and Aspergillus protuberus making up 71% of the overall fungal population. The optimal co-cultivation for flocculation was an initial 5 mg (fresh weight) of fungi, an initial cell density of Synechocystis of 0.2 OD730, 10 µM EM, and 14 days of cultivation in 100 mL of BG11 medium with no organic compound. This yielded 248 ± 28 mg/L of the Synechocystis-fungi flocculated biomass from 560 ± 35 mg/L of total biomass, a 44 ± 2 % biomass flocculation efficiency. Furthermore, the EM treated Synechocystis cells in the Synechocystis-fungi flocculate had a normal cell color and morphology, while those in the axenic suspension exhibited strong chlorosis. Thus, the occurrence of the Synechocystis-fungi flocculation was mediated by EM, and the co-flocculation with the fungi helped Synechocystis to alleviate the negative effect of EM. Transcriptomic analysis of suspended and flocculated (with the fungi) Synechocystis cells suggested that the EM-mediated co-flocculation was a result of down-regulation of the minor pilin genes and up-regulation of several genes including the chaperone gene for pilin regulation, the S-layer protein genes, the exopolysaccharide-polymerization gene, and the genes for signaling proteins involved in cell attachment and abiotic-stress responses. The EM treatment may be applied in the co-culture between other cyanobacteria and fungi to mediate cell bio-flocculation.
2024-05-01 | GSE256451 | GEO
Project description:Photoautotrophic cyanobacteria assimilate the greenhouse gas carbon dioxide as their sole carbon source for producing useful bioproducts. However, harvesting the cells from their liquid media is a major bottleneck in the process. Thus, an easy-to-harvest method, such as auto-flocculation, is desirable. Here, we found that cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 co-flocculated with a natural fungal contamination in the presence of the antibiotic erythromycin (EM) but not without EM. The fungi in the co-flocculated biomass were isolated and found to consist of five species with the filamentous Purpureocillium lilacinum and Aspergillus protuberus making up 71% of the overall fungal population. The optimal co-cultivation for flocculation was an initial 5 mg (fresh weight) of fungi, an initial cell density of Synechocystis of 0.2 OD730, 10 µM EM, and 14 days of cultivation in 100 mL of BG11 medium with no organic compound. This yielded 248 ± 28 mg/L of the Synechocystis-fungi flocculated biomass from 560 ± 35 mg/L of total biomass, a 44 ± 2 % biomass flocculation efficiency. Furthermore, the EM treated Synechocystis cells in the Synechocystis-fungi flocculate had a normal cell color and morphology, while those in the axenic suspension exhibited strong chlorosis. Thus, the occurrence of the Synechocystis-fungi flocculation was mediated by EM, and the co-flocculation with the fungi helped Synechocystis to alleviate the negative effect of EM. Transcriptomic analysis of suspended and flocculated (with the fungi) Synechocystis cells suggested that the EM-mediated co-flocculation was a result of down-regulation of the minor pilin genes and up-regulation of several genes including the chaperone gene for pilin regulation, the S-layer protein genes, the exopolysaccharide-polymerization gene, and the genes for signaling proteins involved in cell attachment and abiotic-stress responses. The EM treatment may be applied in the co-culture between other cyanobacteria and fungi to mediate cell bio-flocculation.
2024-05-01 | GSE256452 | GEO
Project description:The h+ and h- haploid cells of S. pombe mixtures flocculated and formed diploid cells when cultured in carbon limited YEPME medium. We first cultured S. pombe h+ YHL6381 and h- SPQ-01 cells respectively in YEPD medium and then mixed them at an 1:1 ratio and further cultured in YEPME medium. Sexual flocculation occured. We used microarrays to detail the the global programme of gene expression of flocculated YHL6381 and SPQ-01 mixtures cultured in YEPME, compared with the non flocculated cells mixtures cultured in YEPD, and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process.
2013-01-03 | GSE43250 | GEO
Project description:The h+ and h- haploid cells of S. pombe mixtures flocculated and formed diploid cells when cultured in carbon limited YEPME medium. We first cultured S. pombe h+ YHL6381 and h- SPQ-01 cells respectively in YEPD medium and then mixed them at an 1:1 ratio and further cultured in YEPME medium. Sexual flocculation occured. We used microarrays to detail the the global programme of gene expression of flocculated YHL6381 and SPQ-01 mixtures cultured in YEPME, compared with the non flocculated cells mixtures cultured in YEPD, and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process. We first cultured S. pombe h+ YHL6381 and h- SPQ-01 cells respectively in YEPD medium and then mixed them at an 1:1 ratio and further cultured in a new medium for 90min. The flocculated cells mixtures cultured in YEPME named YSD, while the non flocculated cells mixtures cultured in YEPD named YSM.
2013-01-03 | E-GEOD-43250 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Deleting ribosomal protein genes caused haploid cells of S. pombe flocculated in full nutrition YEPD medium. We deleted rpl32-1 and rpl32-2 gene respectively and these two mutant cells cultured in YEPD medium flocculated. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression between non flocculated rpl32-1 deleted and rpl32-2 deleted, compared with the non flocculated cells SPQ-01, and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process.
2013-01-04 | GSE43248 | GEO
Project description:The transcriptome from a S. cerevisiae tup1 deletion mutant was one of the first comprehensive yeast transcriptomes published. Subsequent transcriptomes from tup1 and cyc8 mutants firmly established the Tup1-Cyc8 complex as predominantly acting as a repressor of gene transcription. However, transcriptomes from tup1/cyc8 gene deletion or conditional mutants would all have been influenced by the striking flocculation phenotypes that these mutants display. In this study, we have separated the impact of flocculation from the transcriptome in a cyc8 conditional mutant to reveal those genes (i) subject solely to Cyc8p dependent regulation, (ii) regulated by flocculation only, and (iii) regulated by Cyc8p and further influenced by flocculation. We reveal an improved Cyc8p transcriptome that includes newly identified Cyc8p-regulated genes that were masked by the flocculation phenotype and excludes genes which were indirectly influenced by flocculation and not regulated by Cyc8p. Furthermore, we show evidence to suggest that flocculation exerts a complex and potentially dynamic influence upon global gene transcription. These data should be of interest to future studies into the mechanism of action of the Tup1-Cyc8 complex and to those involved in understanding the development of flocculation and its impact upon cell function.
2023-12-05 | GSE248550 | GEO
Project description:Deleting ribosomal protein genes caused haploid cells of S. pombe flocculated in full nutrition YEPD medium. We deleted rpl32-1 and rpl32-2 gene respectively and these two mutant cells cultured in YEPD medium flocculated. We used microarrays to detail the global programme of gene expression between non flocculated rpl32-1 deleted and rpl32-2 deleted, compared with the non flocculated cells SPQ-01, and identified distinct classes of up-regulated genes during this process. Yeast cells cultured in YEPD medium in the log phase were selected for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. The rpl32-1 deleted cells were conformed as SD1 and rpl32-2 deleted cells were conformed as SD2. Control cells SPQ-01 were conformed as WT.
2013-01-04 | E-GEOD-43248 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the transcriptional-regulatory network that governs flocculation remains poorly understood. Here, we systematically screened an array of transcription factor deletion and overexpression strains for flocculation and performed microarray expression profiling and ChIP-chip analysis to identify the flocculin target genes. We identified five transcription factors that displayed novel roles in the activation or inhibition of flocculation (Rfl1, Adn2, Adn3, Sre2, and Yox1), in addition to the previously-known Mbx2, Cbf11 and Cbf12 regulators. Overexpression of mbx2+ and deletion of rfl1+ resulted in strong flocculation and transcriptional upregulation of gsf2+/pfl1+ and several other putative flocculin genes (pfl2+-pfl9+). Overexpression of the pfl+ genes singly was sufficient to trigger flocculation, and enhanced flocculation was observed in several combinations of double pfl+ overexpression. Among the pfl1+ genes, only loss of gsf2+ abrogated the flocculent phenotype of all the transcription factor mutants and prevented flocculation when cells were grown in inducing medium containing glycerol and ethanol as the carbon source, thereby indicating that Gsf2 is the dominant flocculin. In contrast, the mild flocculation of adn2+ or adn3+ overexpression was likely mediated by the transcriptional activation of cell wall-remodeling genes including gas2+, psu1+, and SPAC4H3.03c. We also discovered that Rfl1, Mbx2, and Cbf12 displayed transcriptional autoregulation, and Rfl1 repressed gsf2+ expression in an inhibitory feed-forward loop involving mbx2+. These results reveal that flocculation in S. pombe is regulated by a complex network of multiple transcription factors and target genes encoding flocculins and cell wall-remodeling enzymes. Moreover, comparisons between the flocculation transcriptional regulatory networks of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. pombe indicate substantial rewiring of transcription factors and cis-regulatory sequences.
2012-11-02 | GSE41730 | GEO
Project description:In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, the transcriptional-regulatory network that governs flocculation remains poorly understood. Here, we systematically screened an array of transcription factor deletion and overexpression strains for flocculation and performed microarray expression profiling and ChIP-chip analysis to identify the flocculin target genes. We identified five transcription factors that displayed novel roles in the activation or inhibition of flocculation (Rfl1, Adn2, Adn3, Sre2, and Yox1), in addition to the previously-known Mbx2, Cbf11 and Cbf12 regulators. Overexpression of mbx2+ and deletion of rfl1+ resulted in strong flocculation and transcriptional upregulation of gsf2+/pfl1+ and several other putative flocculin genes (pfl2+-pfl9+). Overexpression of the pfl+ genes singly was sufficient to trigger flocculation, and enhanced flocculation was observed in several combinations of double pfl+ overexpression. Among the pfl1+ genes, only loss of gsf2+ abrogated the flocculent phenotype of all the transcription factor mutants and prevented flocculation when cells were grown in inducing medium containing glycerol and ethanol as the carbon source, thereby indicating that Gsf2 is the dominant flocculin. In contrast, the mild flocculation of adn2+ or adn3+ overexpression was likely mediated by the transcriptional activation of cell wall-remodeling genes including gas2+, psu1+, and SPAC4H3.03c. We also discovered that Rfl1, Mbx2, and Cbf12 displayed transcriptional autoregulation, and Rfl1 repressed gsf2+ expression in an inhibitory feed-forward loop involving mbx2+. These results reveal that flocculation in S. pombe is regulated by a complex network of multiple transcription factors and target genes encoding flocculins and cell wall-remodeling enzymes. Moreover, comparisons between the flocculation transcriptional regulatory networks of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and S. pombe indicate substantial rewiring of transcription factors and cis-regulatory sequences. We generated 2 overexpression microarrays and 1 deletion microarray with dye swaps, 2 overexpression single replicate microarray experiments, 3 deletion single replicate microarray experiments, and 3 single replicate ChIP-chip experiments. The effect of the mutant strains were all compared to wild type or empty vector strains.
2012-11-02 | E-GEOD-41730 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Daphnia infochemicals can induce defensive responses in microalgae Scenedesmus spp., including colony formation and flocculation. We investigated the phenomenon using a combination of microalgal biology, physiological ecology, and quantitative isobaric tagging (iTRAQ) proteomics. We have discovered that flocculation as a defense response occurs at the early ‘alarm’ phase and requires increased energy resources, with an important role proposed in cysteine synthesis. It appears to be initially stimulated by the production of an extracellular matrix (mainly composed ofby polysaccharides and fatty acids), and later sustained at the ‘acclimation’ stage through Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling cascades. Defensive strategies leading to colony formation required investment into fatty acids metabolism, to ensure the accurate separation of membranes during cell division. Furthermore, higher energy demands were required at the alarm phase which subsequently decreased at the acclimation stage, thus suggesting a trade-off between colony formation and support of floc form.
2020-05-06 | PXD014153 | Pride