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ER stress impairs the insulin signaling pathway through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE24500 | GEO | 2010/10/07

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA132503

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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ER stress impairs the insulin signaling pathway through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE24497: ER stress impairs the insulin signaling pathway through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells (part 1) GSE24499: ER stress impairs the insulin signaling pathway through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells (part 2) Refer to individual Series

2010-10-07 | E-GEOD-24500 | biostudies-arrayexpress

ER stress impairs the insulin signaling pathway through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells (part 1)

Project description:To investigate thapsigargin or tunicamycin-induced transcriptomes in SH-SY5Y cells Total RNA was isolated from SH-SY5Y cells were treated with control vehicle (DMSO), thapsigargin (thap) or tunicamycin (tuni).

2010-10-07 | E-GEOD-24497 | biostudies-arrayexpress

ER stress impairs the insulin signaling pathway through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells (part 2)

Project description:To investigate atrazine induced transcriptomes in SH-SY5Y cells Total RNA obtained from SH-SY5Y cells were treated with control vehicle (DMSO) or atrazine (ATZ).

2010-10-07 | E-GEOD-24499 | biostudies-arrayexpress

ER stress impairs the insulin signaling pathway through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells (part 2)

Project description:To investigate atrazine induced transcriptomes in SH-SY5Y cells

2010-10-07 | GSE24499 | GEO

ER stress impairs the insulin signaling pathway through mitochondrial damage in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells (part 1)

Project description:To investigate thapsigargin or tunicamycin-induced transcriptomes in SH-SY5Y cells

2010-10-07 | GSE24497 | GEO

Differentiation impairs Bach1 dependent HO-1 activation and increases sensitivity to oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.

Project description:Neuronal adaptation to oxidative stress is crucially important in order to prevent degenerative diseases. The role played by the Nrf2/HO-1 system in favoring cell survival of neuroblastoma (NB) cells exposed to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been investigated using undifferentiated or all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. While undifferentiated cells were basically resistant to the oxidative stimulus, ATRA treatment progressively decreased cell viability in response to H2O2. HO-1 silencing decreased undifferentiated cell viability when exposed to H2O2, proving the role of HO-1 in cell survival. Conversely, ATRA differentiated cells exposed to H2O2 showed a significantly lower induction of HO-1, and only the supplementation with low doses of bilirubin (0,5-1 μM) restored viability. Moreover, the nuclear level of Bach1, repressor of HO-1 transcription, strongly decreased in undifferentiated cells exposed to oxidative stress, while did not change in ATRA differentiated cells. Furthermore, Bach1 was displaced from HO-1 promoter in undifferentiated cells exposed to H2O2, enabling the binding of Nrf2. On the contrary, in ATRA differentiated cells treated with H2O2, Bach1 displacement was impaired, preventing Nrf2 binding and limiting HO-1 transcription. In conclusion, our findings highlight the central role of Bach1 in HO-1-dependent neuronal response to oxidative stress.

| S-EPMC5548785 | biostudies-literature

Butyrylcholinesterase in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells.

Project description:Cultured SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells are used in neurotoxicity assays. These cells express markers of the cholinergic and dopaminergic systems. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity has been reported in these cells. Neurotoxic organophosphate compounds that inhibit AChE, also inhibit butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). We confirmed the presence of AChE in the cell lysate by activity assays, Western blot, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) of immunopurified AChE. A nondenaturing gel stained for AChE activity identified the catalytically active AChE in SH-SY5Y cells as the unstable monomer. We also identified immature BChE in the cell lysate. The concentration of active BChE protein was similar to that of active AChE protein. The rate of substrate hydrolysis by AChE was 10-fold higher than substrate hydrolysis by BChE. The higher rate was due to the 10-fold higher specific activity of AChE over BChE (5000 units/mg for AChE; 500 units/mg for BChE). Neither cholinesterase was secreted. Tryptic peptides of immunopurified AChE and BChE were identified by LC-MS/MS on an Orbitrap Lumos Fusion mass spectrometer. The unfolded protein chaperone, binding immunoglobulin protein BiP/GRP78, was identified in the mass spectral data from all cholinesterase samples, suggesting that BiP was co-extracted with cholinesterase. This suggests that the cytoplasmic cholinesterases are immature forms of AChE and BChE that bind to BiP. It was concluded that SH-SY5Y cells express active AChE and active BChE, but the proteins do not mature to glycosylated tetramers.

| S-EPMC9124689 | biostudies-literature

Icaritin protects SH-SY5Y cells transfected with TDP-43 by alleviating mitochondrial damage and oxidative stress.

Project description:BackgroundThe aim of this study was to investigate the effect of icaritin (ICT) on TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43)-induced neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cell damage and to further explore its underlying mechanisms.MethodsTo investigate the possible mechanism, TDP-43 was used to induce SH-SY5Y cell injury. Cell viability was evaluated by the CCK-8 assay. The mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) was determined with JC-1. The expression levels of TDP-43 and cytochrome C (CytC) were measuring by Western blotting. Changes in adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) content, total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were detected with specific kits.ResultsThe results showed that ICT reduced the cell damage induced by TDP-43. ICT reduced the expression level of TDP-43; increased ATP content and the MMP; decreased CytC expression; increased T-AOC and GSH-Px, total SOD (T-SOD), copper/zinc SOD (CuZn-SOD), and manganese SOD (Mn-SOD) activity; and decreased MDA content.ConclusionsThe results suggest that ICT has a protective effect on TDP-43-transfected SH-SY5Y cells that is related to reductions in TDP-43 expression and mitochondrial damage and alleviation of oxidative stress.

| S-EPMC8362678 | biostudies-literature

Palmitic acid promotes resistin-induced insulin resistance and inflammation in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma.

Project description:Saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid promote inflammation and insulin resistance in peripheral tissues, contrasting with the protective action of polyunsaturated fatty acids such docosahexaenoic acid. Palmitic acid effects have been in part attributed to its potential action through Toll-like receptor 4. Beside, resistin, an adipokine, also promotes inflammation and insulin resistance via TLR4. In the brain, palmitic acid and resistin trigger neuroinflammation and insulin resistance, but their link at the neuronal level is unknown. Using human SH-SY5Yneuroblastoma cell line we show that palmitic acid treatment impaired insulin-dependent Akt and Erk phosphorylation whereas DHA preserved insulin action. Palmitic acid up-regulated TLR4 as well as pro-inflammatory cytokines IL6 and TNFα contrasting with DHA effect. Similarly to palmitic acid, resistin treatment induced the up-regulation of IL6 and TNFα as well as NFκB activation. Importantly, palmitic acid potentiated the resistin-dependent NFkB activation whereas DHA abolished it. The recruitment of TLR4 to membrane lipid rafts was increased by palmitic acid treatment; this is concomitant with the augmentation of resistin-induced TLR4/MYD88/TIRAP complex formation mandatory for TLR4 signaling. In conclusion, palmitic acid increased TLR4 expression promoting resistin signaling through TLR4 up-regulation and its recruitment to membrane lipid rafts.

| S-EPMC7940652 | biostudies-literature

Excitotoxicity effects of glutamate on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells via oxidative damage.

Project description:To investigate the mechanisms of excitotoxic effects of glutamate on human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells.SH-SY5Y cell viability was measured by MTT assay. Other damaged profile was detected by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release and by 4', 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining. The cytosolic calcium concentration was tested by calcium influx assay. The glutamate-induced oxidative stress was analyzed by cytosolic glutathione assay, superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay and extracellular malondialdehyde (MDA) assay.Glutamate treatment caused damage in SH-SY5Y cells, including the decrease of cell viability, the increase of LDH release and the alterations of morphological structures. Furthermore, the concentration of cytoplasmic calcium in SH-SY5Y cells was not changed within 20 min following glutamate treatment, while cytosolic calcium concentration significantly increased within 24 h after glutamate treatment, which could not be inhibited by MK801, an antagonist of NMDA receptors, or by LY341495, an antagonist of metabotropic glutamate receptors. On the other hand, oxidative damage was observed in SH-SY5Y cells treated with glutamate, including decreases in glutathione content and SOD activity, and elevation of MDA level, all of which could be alleviated by an antioxidant Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA, a major active ingredient from a Chinese plant Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bge).Glutamate exerts toxicity in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells possibly through oxidative damage, not through calcium homeostasis destruction mediated by NMDA receptors.

| S-EPMC5560379 | biostudies-other

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