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A dicer-related helicase opposes the age-related pathology from SKN-1 activation in ASI [ChIP-seq]

ABSTRACT: Coordination of cellular responses to stress are essential for health across the lifespan. The transcription factor SKN-1 is an essential homeostat that mediates survival in stress-inducing environments and cellular dysfunction, but constitutive activation of SKN-1 drives premature aging thus revealing the importance of turning off cytoprotective pathways. Here we identify how SKN-1 activation in two ciliated ASI neurons in C. elegans results in an increase in organismal transcriptional capacity that drives pleiotropic outcomes in peripheral tissues. An increase in the expression of established SKN-1 stress response and lipid metabolism gene classes of RNA in the ASI neurons, in addition to the increased expression of several classes of non-coding RNA, define a molecular signature of animals with constitutive SKN-1 activation and diminished healthspan. We reveal neddylation as a novel regulator of the SKN-1 homeostat that mediates SKN-1 abundance within intestinal cells. Moreover, RNAi-independent activity of the dicer-related DExD/H-box helicase, drh-1, in the intestine, can oppose the effects of aberrant SKN-1 transcriptional activation and delays age-dependent decline in health. Taken together, our results uncover a cell non-autonomous circuit to maintain organism-level homeostasis in response to excessive SKN-1 transcriptional activity in the sensory nervous system.

ORGANISM(S): Caenorhabditis elegans

PROVIDER: GSE246466 | GEO | 2023/12/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Coordination of cellular responses to stress are essential for health across the lifespan. The transcription factor SKN-1 is an essential homeostat that mediates survival in stress-inducing environments and cellular dysfunction, but constitutive activation of SKN-1 drives premature aging thus revealing the importance of turning off cytoprotective pathways. Here we identify how SKN-1 activation in two ciliated ASI neurons in C. elegans results in an increase in organismal transcriptional capacity that drives pleiotropic outcomes in peripheral tissues. An increase in the expression of established SKN-1 stress response and lipid metabolism gene classes of RNA in the ASI neurons, in addition to the increased expression of several classes of non-coding RNA, define a molecular signature of animals with constitutive SKN-1 activation and diminished healthspan. We reveal neddylation as a novel regulator of the SKN-1 homeostat that mediates SKN-1 abundance within intestinal cells. Moreover, RNAi-independent activity of the dicer-related DExD/H-box helicase, drh-1, in the intestine, can oppose the effects of aberrant SKN-1 transcriptional activation and delays age-dependent decline in health. Taken together, our results uncover a cell non-autonomous circuit to maintain organism-level homeostasis in response to excessive SKN-1 transcriptional activity in the sensory nervous system.

2023-12-06 | GSE246465 | GEO

Serotonin deficiency from constitutive SKN-1 activation drives pathogen apathy

Project description:Serotonin deficiency from constitutive SKN-1 activation drives pathogen apathy

| PRJNA1055049 | ENA

Project description:A dicer-related helicase opposes the age-related pathology from SKN-1 activation in ASI neurons.

| PRJNA1032973 | ENA

Project description:A dicer-related helicase opposes the age-related pathology from SKN-1 activation in ASI [ChIP-seq]

| PRJNA1032975 | ENA

Project description:A dicer-related helicase opposes the age-related pathology from SKN-1 activation in ASI neurons [RNA-seq]

| PRJNA1032974 | ENA

Serotonin deficiency from constitutive SKN-1 activation drives pathogen apathy

Project description:When an organism encounters a pathogen, the host innate immune system is activated to defend against pathogen colonization and the toxic xenobiotics produced. C. elegans employ multiple defense systems to ensure survival when exposed to Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14) including activation of the cytoprotective transcription factor SKN-1/NRF2. Although wildtype C. elegans quickly learn to avoid pathogens, here we describe a peculiar apathy to PA14 in animals with constitutive activation of SKN-1, whereby animals choose not to leave while continuing to feed on the pathogen even when a non-pathogenic food option is available. Although lacking the urgency to escape the infectious environment, animals with constitutive SKN-1 activity are not oblivious to the presence of the pathogen and display a typical intestinal distension from PA14 colonization and eventual demise, but surprisingly, fail to learn to avoid pathogen with training. SKN-1 activation, specifically in neurons and intestinal tissues, orchestrates a unique transcriptional program which leads to defects in serotonin signaling from both neurons and non-neuronal tissues that drives the pathogen apathy behavior and pleiotropic responses to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Taken together, our work reveals new insights into how animals perceive environmental pathogens and subsequently alter behavior and cellular programs to promote survival.

2024-08-15 | GSE251677 | GEO

Transcriptional redirection of activated SKN-1/NRF2 abates the negative metabolic outcomes of a perceived pathogen infection

Project description:Optimal health requires perpetual transcriptional fidelity of gene expression. SKN-1/NRF2 is a cytoprotective transcription factor in C. elegans that regulates the expression of cellular defenses during stress, including: nutrient deprivation, redox imbalance, and xenobiotic and pathogen exposure. Constitutive activation of SKN-1 results in pleiotropic outcomes, including shortened lifespan and protective redistribution of somatic fat to the germline. We measured lipid distribution between the soma and germ tissues after manipulation of SKN-1 activity. Modulating the epigenetic landscape refines SKN-1 activity away from innate immunity targets and alleviates negative metabolic outcomes. Similarly, paraquat exposure redirects SKN-1 activity toward oxidative stress responses and away from pathogen response genes, which restores lipid distribution across tissues. Lastly, activating p38 MAPK signaling is sufficient to drive SKN-1-dependent loss of somatic fat. These data reveal a coordination of organismal metabolic homeostasis with pathogen responses and identifies mechanisms for counteracting the pleiotropic consequences of aberrant transcriptional activity.

2019-10-15 | GSE123531 | GEO

Activated SKN-1 alters the longevity trajectory of long-lived C. elegans mutants

Project description:In the presence of stressful environments, the SKN-1 cytoprotective transcription factor is activated to induce the expression of gene targets that can restore homeostasis. However, constitutive activation of SKN-1 results in diminished health and a reduction of lifespan. Here we demonstrate the necessity to regulate the activity of SKN-1 for maintaining the longevity promoting responses associated with impaired daf-2/insulin receptor signaling, the eat-2 model of caloric restriction, and glp-1-dependent loss of germ cell proliferation. A hallmark of animals with constitutive SKN-1 activation is the age-dependent loss of somatic lipids and this phenotype is linked to the general reduction in survival in animals harboring the skn-1gf allele, but surprisingly, daf-2lf; skn-1gf double mutant animals do not redistribute somatic lipids which suggests the insulin signaling pathway functions downstream of SKN-1 in the maintenance of lipid distribution. As expected, eat-2lf; skn-1gf double mutant animals, which independently activate SKN-1, continue to display somatic lipid depletion in older ages with and without the skn-1gf activating mutation but animals lacking a proliferating germline do not redistribute somatic lipids, which supports a genetic model where SKN-1 activity is an important regulator of lipid mobilization in response to food availability to fuel the developing germline by engaging the daf-2/insulin receptor pathway.

2024-07-01 | GSE270810 | GEO

Loss of mitochondrial proline catabolism depletes FAD, impairing sperm function, and male reproductive advantage

Project description:Exposure to environmental stress has a clinically established influence on male reproductive health, but the impact of normal cellular metabolism on sperm quality and function is less well-defined. Here we show that homeostatic changes in mitochondrial dynamics driven by defective mitochondrial proline catabolism result in pleiotropic consequences on sperm quality and competitive fitness. Disruption of alh-6, which converts 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) to glutamate, results in P5C accumulation that drives oxidative stress, activation of the cytoprotective transcription factor SKN-1, and a reduction of energy-storing flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) levels. These molecular changes lead to premature male reproductive senescence by reducing sperm quality. These sperm-specific defects are suppressed by abating P5C metabolism, by treatment with antioxidants to combat reactive oxygen species (ROS), or by feeding diets that restore FAD levels. Our results define a role for mitochondrial proline catabolism and FAD homeostasis on sperm function and specify strategies to pharmacologically reverse unintended outcomes from SKN-1/Nrf transcriptional activation.

2020-02-17 | GSE121920 | GEO

Extension of lifespan in C. elegans by naphthoquinones that act through stress hormesis mechanisms

Project description:Hormesis occurs when a low level stress elicits adaptive beneficial responses that protect against subsequent exposure to severe stress. Recent findings suggest that mild oxidative and thermal stress can extend lifespan by hormetic mechanisms. Here we show that the botanical pesticide plumbagin, while toxic to C. elegans nematodes at high doses, extends lifespan at low doses. Because plumbagin is a naphthoquinone that generates free radicals in vivo, we investigated whether it extends lifespan by activating an adaptive cellular stress response pathway. Mammalian NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and its C. elegans ortholog SKN-1, mediate protective responses to oxidative stress by promoting target gene expression via antioxidant response elements (ARE). Genetic analyses showed that skn-1 mediates plumbagin’s lifespan-extending effect in C. elegans. Further screening of a series of plumbagin analogs identified three additional naphthoquinones that could induce SKN-1 targets in C. elegans. Naphthazarin showed skn-1-dependent lifespan extension, over an extended dose range compared to plumbagin, while the other naphthoquinones, oxoline and menadione, had differing effects on C. elegans survival and failed to activate ARE reporter expression in cultured mammalian cells. Our findings reveal the potential for low doses of naturally occurring naphthoquinones to extend lifespan by engaging a specific adaptive cellular stress response pathway.

2012-03-21 | GSE28301 | GEO