Integrative responses to IL-17 and TNF-α in human keratinocytes account for key inflammatory pathogenic circuits in psoriasis
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE24767 | GEO | 2010/11/24
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA132211
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:We sought to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the effects of TNF-α and IL-17 on the keratinocyte gene profile in order to identify genes that might be co-regulated by these cytokines. We then sought to determine how genes that were synergistically activated by both cytokines relate to the psoriasis transcriptome. Here, we identified 160 unique genes that were synergistically up-regulated by IL-17 and TNF-α and 188 unique genes where the two cytokines had at least an additive effect. Among highly up-regulated genes were those involved in neutrophil and lymphocyte chemotaxis, inflammation, and epidermal differentiation. Synergistically up-regulated genes included some of the highest expressed genes in lesional psoriatic skin with an impressive correlation between IL-17/TNF-α induced genes and the psoriasis gene signature. In conclusion, keratinocytes may be key drivers of pathogenetic inflammatory circuits in psoriasis through integrating responses to TNF-α and IL-17. This may explain high efficacy of targeting psoriasis with either anti-TNF-α or agents that block Th17 T-cells/IL-17 and has important implications for the development of new therapeutic agents. Comparison of keratinocyte responses to IL-17, TNF-α (1 ng mL-1 and 10 ng mL-1), and the combination of both cytokines in psoriasis.
2010-11-24 | E-GEOD-24767 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In psoriasis, inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia are thought to be controlled by T cell-derived cytokines. Evidence now suggests that Th17 and Th22 cells infiltrate psoriasis lesions and by secreting IL-17 and IL-22, respectively, may drive disease-specific gene or cell responses. While studies in model systems indicate that IL-22 has a dominant pathogenic role, there is evolving evidence that IL-17 contributes to features of psoriasis. To more fully understand the role of IL-17 in human disease pathogenesis, we examined psoriatic skin lesions obtained from patients treated with an anti-IL-17 (IL-17 A) monoclonal antibody, LY2439821. In a phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose escalation trial, patients with chronic psoriasis were randomized to receive 3 doses of subcutaneous LY2439821 at 5 mg (n=8), 15 mg (n=8), 50 mg (n=8), 150 mg (n=8) or placebo (n=8) at weeks 0, 2 and 4. Repeat biopsies were taken from the same lesional area at baseline, week 2 and 6. At week 6, a PASI75 was observed in 0/8, 2/8, 5/7 and 8/8 patients receiving 5 mg, 15 mg, 50 mg or 150 mg LY2439821 respectively and 0/8 patients receiving placebo. The antibody was well-tolerated. In patients receiving the two highest doses, histological and immunohistochemical analyses of biopsies revealed significant reductions from baseline in keratinocyte proliferation, hyperplasia and epidermal thickness after 2 weeks, as well as reduced infiltration into the dermis and epidermis by T-cells (CD3+) and dendritic cells (CD11c and DC-LAMP). Keratinocyte expression of innate defense proteins, S100A7, S100A8, beta-defensin2 and LL37/cathelicidin was also reduced. By week 6, the skin appeared normal with a reversal of disease defining pathological features. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed decreased expression of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-22 and IL-17, key cytokines from T cell subsets Th1, Th22 and Th17, respectively. In order to explore the extent to which IL-17 blockade influences an even broader set of inflammatory or psoriatic disease related genes, mRNA levels from skin biopsy samples were evaluated using whole genome microarrays. At week 2, the highest dose of LY2439821 modulated over 1500 genes significantly (>1.5 fold change [FC], p<0.05). Of these, 51 genes were strongly suppressed (>7-fold) including IL-19, lipocalin, amphiregulin, granzyme B, and several chemokines. In a separate analysis, those genes known to be synergistically regulated by both IL-17 and TNF-alpha showed the greatest normalization in expression compared to genes known to be regulated by TNF-alpha alone, IFN-gamma or Interferon alpha. Our data suggest that Th17 cells, through the expression of IL-17, mediate psoriasis pathogenesis, and that neutralization of IL-17 with LY2439821 suppresses signaling through multiple inflammatory circuits by inhibiting expression of cytokines from multiple T cell subsets, as well as chemokines, and antimicrobial proteins from keratinocytes. In a phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose escalation trial, patients with chronic psoriasis were randomized to receive 3 doses of subcutaneous LY2439821 at 5 mg (n=8), 15 mg (n=8), 50 mg (n=8), 150 mg (n=8) or placebo (n=8) at weeks 0, 2 and 4. Repeat biopsies were taken from the same lesional area at baseline, week 2 and 6. At week 6, a PASI75 was observed in 0/8, 2/8, 5/7 and 8/8 patients receiving 5 mg, 15 mg, 50 mg or 150 mg LY2439821 respectively and 0/8 patients receiving placebo.
2012-01-31 | E-GEOD-31652 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In psoriasis, inflammation and epidermal hyperplasia are thought to be controlled by T cell-derived cytokines. Evidence now suggests that Th17 and Th22 cells infiltrate psoriasis lesions and by secreting IL-17 and IL-22, respectively, may drive disease-specific gene or cell responses. While studies in model systems indicate that IL-22 has a dominant pathogenic role, there is evolving evidence that IL-17 contributes to features of psoriasis. To more fully understand the role of IL-17 in human disease pathogenesis, we examined psoriatic skin lesions obtained from patients treated with an anti-IL-17 (IL-17 A) monoclonal antibody, LY2439821. In a phase 1, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled dose escalation trial, patients with chronic psoriasis were randomized to receive 3 doses of subcutaneous LY2439821 at 5 mg (n=8), 15 mg (n=8), 50 mg (n=8), 150 mg (n=8) or placebo (n=8) at weeks 0, 2 and 4. Repeat biopsies were taken from the same lesional area at baseline, week 2 and 6. At week 6, a PASI75 was observed in 0/8, 2/8, 5/7 and 8/8 patients receiving 5 mg, 15 mg, 50 mg or 150 mg LY2439821 respectively and 0/8 patients receiving placebo. The antibody was well-tolerated. In patients receiving the two highest doses, histological and immunohistochemical analyses of biopsies revealed significant reductions from baseline in keratinocyte proliferation, hyperplasia and epidermal thickness after 2 weeks, as well as reduced infiltration into the dermis and epidermis by T-cells (CD3+) and dendritic cells (CD11c and DC-LAMP). Keratinocyte expression of innate defense proteins, S100A7, S100A8, beta-defensin2 and LL37/cathelicidin was also reduced. By week 6, the skin appeared normal with a reversal of disease defining pathological features. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed decreased expression of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-22 and IL-17, key cytokines from T cell subsets Th1, Th22 and Th17, respectively. In order to explore the extent to which IL-17 blockade influences an even broader set of inflammatory or psoriatic disease related genes, mRNA levels from skin biopsy samples were evaluated using whole genome microarrays. At week 2, the highest dose of LY2439821 modulated over 1500 genes significantly (>1.5 fold change [FC], p<0.05). Of these, 51 genes were strongly suppressed (>7-fold) including IL-19, lipocalin, amphiregulin, granzyme B, and several chemokines. In a separate analysis, those genes known to be synergistically regulated by both IL-17 and TNF-alpha showed the greatest normalization in expression compared to genes known to be regulated by TNF-alpha alone, IFN-gamma or Interferon alpha. Our data suggest that Th17 cells, through the expression of IL-17, mediate psoriasis pathogenesis, and that neutralization of IL-17 with LY2439821 suppresses signaling through multiple inflammatory circuits by inhibiting expression of cytokines from multiple T cell subsets, as well as chemokines, and antimicrobial proteins from keratinocytes.
2012-04-30 | GSE31652 | GEO
Project description:Background: IL-17 is the defining cytokine of the Th17, Tc17, and γδ T cell populations that plays a critical role in mediating inflammation and autoimmunity. Psoriasis vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disease mediated by Th1 and Th17 cytokines with relevant contributions of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17. Despite the pivotal role IL-17 plays in psoriasis, and in contrast to the other key mediators involved in the psoriasis cytokine cascade that are capable of inducing broad effects on keratinocytes, IL-17 was demonstrated to regulate the expression of a limited number of genes in monolayer keratinocytes cultured in vitro. Methodology/Principal Findings: Given the clinical efficacy of anti-IL-17 agents is associated with an impressive reduction in a large set of inflammatory genes, we sought a full-thickness skin model that more closely resemble in vivo epidermal architecture. Using a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), IL-17 was able to upregulate 419 gene probes and downregulate 216 gene probes. As possible explanation for the increased gene induction in the RHE model is that CEBPβ, the transcription factor regulating IL-17-responsive genes, is expressed in differentiated KCs. Conclusions/Significance: The genes identified in IL-17-treated RHE are likely relevant to the IL-17 effects in psoriasis, since ixekizumab (anti-IL-17A agent) strongly suppressed the “RHE” genes in psoriasis patients treated in vivo with this IL-17 antagonist. RHE samples were treated with IFNg, IL-22 and IL-17 and compared with control
2014-02-28 | E-GEOD-52361 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Chronic autoimmune skin disease characterized by epidermal proliferation with hyper- and para-keratosis. The aberrant background immune response involves helper T-lymphocyte types 1 and 17 and their respective secreted cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) and interleukin 17 (IL-17). These pro-inflammatory cytokines stimulate the activation of keratinocytes, resulting in the release of acute phase cytokines, followed by chronic phase cytokines thus promotes induced hyperplasia of keratinocyte. The pro-differentiative action of fisetin on dual cytokine-induced abnormally proliferating keratinocyte revealed downregulation of psoriasis-associated genes and activation of autophagic genes, as well as normalization of genes involved in keratinocyte terminal differentiation. These result supports the effect of fisetin on improving psoriasis like inflammatory flareups in cultured keratinocyte in vitro.
2023-01-10 | GSE217552 | GEO
Project description:Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the skin for which no cure has emerged. Its complex etiology requires the development of an in vitro model that appropriately recapitulates the physiopathology of this disease. In this study, we exploited the self-assembly method in order to develop a new tissue-engineered model of psoriatic skin substitutes. To circumvent the addition of immune cells, we supplemented the reconstructed psoriatic substitutes with a cocktail of four cytokines, TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-6 and IL-17, and monitored their impact on global gene expression by DNA microarray. The cytokines-supplemented substitutes have a more irregular epidermis, with protuberances and much thinner areas. Most interestingly, gene profiling on microarrays identified several genes reported as being deregulated psoriasis skin in vivo. Indeed, expression of the S100A12, IL8, DEFB4A and KYNU genes increased dramatically compared to their level in normal skin substitutes (P <0.005 to <0.05). In addition, the ACSBG1 gene, reported to be repressed in psoriasis, was also repressed in the cytokines-supplemented psoriatic substitutes compared to the controls (P <0.005). The product encoded by the genes deregulated in the cytokines-supplemented substitutes belong to biological pathways, such as the inflammatory and the immune responses, that are similarly altered in psoriasis in vivo. In conclusion, addition of cytokines to involved psoriatic substitutes alters the transcriptome of these cells in a manner similar to that observed with psoriasis in vivo. The addition of this pro-inflammatory cocktail, comparable cytokine in vivo psoriasis, prepares us for the next step: the characterization of the model once added immune cells. Tissue-engineered psoriatic human skin (TEPHS) cultivated with (number of replicates: 3) or without (number of replicates: 3) Cytokines (IL-17a, IL-6, IL1a, TNF-a).
2015-04-11 | E-GEOD-67762 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: IL-17 is the defining cytokine of the Th17, Tc17, and γδ T cell populations that plays a critical role in mediating inflammation and autoimmunity. Psoriasis vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disease mediated by Th1 and Th17 cytokines with relevant contributions of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17. Despite the pivotal role IL-17 plays in psoriasis, and in contrast to the other key mediators involved in the psoriasis cytokine cascade that are capable of inducing broad effects on keratinocytes, IL-17 was demonstrated to regulate the expression of a limited number of genes in monolayer keratinocytes cultured in vitro. Methodology/Principal Findings: Given the clinical efficacy of anti-IL-17 agents is associated with an impressive reduction in a large set of inflammatory genes, we sought a full-thickness skin model that more closely resemble in vivo epidermal architecture. Using a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), IL-17 was able to upregulate 419 gene probes and downregulate 216 gene probes. As possible explanation for the increased gene induction in the RHE model is that CEBPβ, the transcription factor regulating IL-17-responsive genes, is expressed in differentiated KCs. Conclusions/Significance: The genes identified in IL-17-treated RHE are likely relevant to the IL-17 effects in psoriasis, since ixekizumab (anti-IL-17A agent) strongly suppressed the “RHE” genes in psoriasis patients treated in vivo with this IL-17 antagonist.
2014-02-28 | GSE52361 | GEO
Project description:In psoriasis lesions, a diverse mixture of cytokines is upregulated which influence each other generating a complex inflammatory situation. Although this is the case, the inhibition of Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) alone showed unprecedented clinical results in patients, indicating that IL-17A is a critical inducer of psoriasis pathogenesis. To elucidate IL-17A-driven keratinocyte-intrinsic signaling pathways, we treated monolayers of normal human epidermal keratinocytes in vitro with a mixture of 6 cytokines (IL-17A, TNF-a, IL-17C, IL-22, IL-36g and IFN-g) involved in psoriasis, to mimic the inflammatory milieu in psoriasis lesions. Microarray and gene set enrichment analysis revealed that this cytokine mixture induced similar gene expression changes with the previous transcriptome studies using psoriasis lesions. Importantly, we identified a set of IL-17A-regulated genes in keratinocytes, which recapitulate typical psoriasis genes exemplified by DEFB4A, S100A7, IL19 and CSF3, based on differences in the expression profiles of cells stimulated with 6 cytokines versus cells stimulated with only 5 cytokines lacking IL-17A. Furthermore a specific IL-17A-induced gene, NFKBIZ, which encodes IkappaB-zeta, a transcriptional regulator for NF-kappaB, was demonstrated to have a significant role for IL-17A-induced gene expression. Thus, we present novel in vitro data from normal human keratinocytes that would help elucidating the IL-17A-driven keratinocyte activation in psoriasis. Cytokine mixture-induced gene expression in primary normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEKs) was measured at 24 hours after exposure. NHEKs were exposed to the combination of selected six cytokines (IL-17A: 100 ng/ml, TNF-a: 10 ng/ml, IFN-g: 10 ng/ml, IL-17C: 100 ng/ml, IL-22: 100 ng/ml, IL-36g: 500 ng/ml) , or to the different combinations of five of the six cytokines (in total, 7 different treatments and one untreated control). No replicate experiments were conducted.
2016-03-08 | E-GEOD-77719 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cytokines such as TNF-alpha and IL-1beta are known for their contribution to inflammatory processes in liver . In contrast, the cytokine IL-17 has not yet been assigned a role in liver diseases. IL-17 can cooperate with TNF-alpha to induce a synergistic response on several target genes in different cell lines, but no data exist for primary hepatocytes. To enhance our knowledge on the impact of IL-17 alone and combined with TNF-alpha in primary murine hepatocytes a comprehensive microarray study was designed. IL-1beta was included as this cytokine is suggested to act in a similar manner as the combination of TNF-alpha and IL-17, especially with respect to its role in mRNA stabilization. Results: The present microarray analysis demonstrates that primary murine hepatocytes responded to IL-17 stimulation by upregulation of chemokines and genes, which are functionally responsible to increase and sustain inflammation. Cxcl2, Nfkbiz and Zc3h12a were strongly induced, whereas the majority of the genes were only very moderately upregulated. Promoter analysis revealed involvement of NF-kappaB in the activation of many genes. Combined stimulation of TNF-alpha/IL-17 resulted in enhanced induction of gene expression, but significantly synergistic effects could be applied only to a few genes, such as Nfkbiz, Cxcl2, Zc3h12 and Steap4. Comparison of the gene expression profile obtained after stimulation of TNF-alpha/IL-17 versus IL-1 proposed a IL-1beta-like effect of the latter cytokine combination. Moreover, evidence was provided that modulation of mRNA stability may be a major mechanism by which IL-17 regulates gene expression in primary hepatocytes. This assumption was exemplarily proven for Nfkbiz mRNA for the first time in hepatocytes. Our studies also suggest that RNA stability can partially be correlated to the existence of AU rich elements, but further mechanisms like the RNase-activity of the upregulated Zc3h12a have to be considered. Conclusions: Our microarray analysis gives new insights in IL-17 induced gene expression in primary hepatocytes highlighting the crosstalk with the NF-kappaB signalling pathway. Gene expression profile suggests IL-17 a role in sustaining liver inflammatory processes most likely by RNA stabilization. Altogether, our results provide evidence that IL-17 alone and in concert with TNF-alpha may play a role in inflammatory liver diseases. Primary murine hepatocytes of three animals stimulated for 1 or 4h by TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-17 or TNF-alpha followed by IL-17 were used for microarray analysis.
2010-03-07 | E-GEOD-19272 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:IL-17 and TNF-alpha synergistically induce surface expression of IL-13Ra2 on primary lung fibroblasts, rendering them unresponsive to IL-13. Neutralizing antibodies to IL-13Ra2 restored IL-13-mediated signaling and transcriptome studies confirmed IL-13Ra2 is an IL-13 decoy receptor.
2014-12-31 | GSE56338 | GEO