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G9a/GLP Inhibition Promotes T Cell Development from Pluripotent Stem Cells [RNA-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Elucidating mechanisms of T cell development can guide in vitro T cell differentiation from Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) and inform off-the-shelf T cell-based immunotherapies. Using a stroma-free human iPSC-T cell differentiation platform, we screened for epigenetic modulators that govern T cell specification and identified the H3K9-directed histone methyltransferases G9a/GLP as repressors of T cell fate. We show that G9a/GLP controls the cell fate decision between myeloid and lymphoid lineages in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Inhibition of G9a/GLP promotes the production of lymphoid cells during zebrafish embryonic hematopoiesis, demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of G9a/GLP function. Importantly, chemical-induced epigenetic reprogramming via G9a/GLP inhibition facilitates the generation of robust iPSC-T cells that bear transcriptional similarity to peripheral blood αβ T cells. When engineered to express Chimeric Antigen Receptors, the epigenetically engineered iPSC-T cells exhibit enhanced antitumor activity both in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE248715 | GEO | 2024/09/30

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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G9a/GLP Inhibition Promotes T Cell Development from Pluripotent Stem Cells [ATAC-Seq]

Project description:Elucidating mechanisms of T cell development can guide in vitro T cell differentiation from Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) and inform off-the-shelf T cell-based immunotherapies. Using a stroma-free human iPSC-T cell differentiation platform, we screened for epigenetic modulators that govern T cell specification and identified the H3K9-directed histone methyltransferases G9a/GLP as repressors of T cell fate. We show that G9a/GLP controls the cell fate decision between myeloid and lymphoid lineages in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Inhibition of G9a/GLP promotes the production of lymphoid cells during zebrafish embryonic hematopoiesis, demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of G9a/GLP function. Importantly, chemical-induced epigenetic reprogramming via G9a/GLP inhibition facilitates the generation of robust iPSC-T cells that bear transcriptional similarity to peripheral blood αβ T cells. When engineered to express Chimeric Antigen Receptors, the epigenetically engineered iPSC-T cells exhibit enhanced antitumor activity both in vitro and in a xenograft mouse model.

2024-09-30 | GSE248714 | GEO

G9a/GLP Inhibition Promotes Derivation of Functional CAR T cells from Pluripotent Stem Cells

Project description:Elucidating mechanisms of T cell development can guide in vitro T cell differentiation from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) and facilitate off-the-shelf T cell-based immunotherapies. Using a stroma-free human iPSC-T cell differentiation platform, we screened for epigenetic modulators that influence T cell specification and identified the H3K9-directed histone methyltransferases G9a/GLP as repressors of T cell fate. We show that G9a/GLP inhibition during specific time windows of differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) skews cell fates towards lymphoid lineages. Inhibition of G9a/GLP promotes the production of lymphoid cells during zebrafish embryonic hematopoiesis, demonstrating the evolutionary conservation of G9a/GLP function. Importantly, G9a/GLP inhibition facilitates the generation of robust iPSC-T cells that bear transcriptional similarity to peripheral blood αβ T cells. When engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors, the epigenetically engineered iPSC-T cells exhibit enhanced effector functions in vitro and durable antitumor activity in a xenograft mouse model.

2024-08-26 | GSE275650 | GEO

Investigation of the role of histone modification propagating activity of GLP

Project description:We use ChIP-Seq and RNA-Seq technology to profile the H3K9me2 modification and transcription under different conditions of GLP activity. GLP and G9a are major H3K9 dimethylases, and are essential for mouse early embryonic development. Here we report that GLP and G9a possess intrinsic histone methylation propagating activities. The histone methyltransferase activities of GLP and G9a are stimulated by neighboring nucleosomes pre-methylated at H3K9. These stimulation events function in cis and are dependent on H3K9 methylation binding activities of ankyrin repeats domains in GLP and G9a. In mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) harboring a mutant GLP lacking H3K9 methylation propagating activity, pluripotent genes display a delayed kinetics in establishing H3K9 methylation and gene silencing during differentiation. Disruption of the H3K9 methylation propagating activity of GLP in mice causes growth retardation of the embryos, ossification defects of calvaria and early postnatal lethality. We propose that GLP¡¯s ability to rapidly propagate H3K9 methylation is required for efficient gene silencing during programmed cell fate transition. H3K9me2 and H3K9me1 are ChIPped and sequenced in WT mESC and GLP-mutant mESCs, and RNA-Seq was done for those cells as well.

2015-01-20 | E-GEOD-54412 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Investigation of the role of histone modification propagating activity of GLP

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G9a/GLP inhibition during ex vivo lymphocyte expansion increases in vivo cytotoxicity of engineered TCR-T cells against hepatocellular carcinoma

Project description:Engineered T cells transiently expressing tumor-targeting receptors are an attractive form of engineered T cell therapy as they carry no risk of insertional mutagenesis or long-term adverse side-effects. However, multiple rounds of treatment are often required, increasing patient discomfort and cost. To mitigate this, we sought to improve the antitumor activity of transient engineered T cells by screening a panel of small molecules targeting epigenetic regulators for their effect on T cell cytotoxicity. Using a model for engineered T cells targetting hepatocellular carcinoma, we find that short-term inhibition of G9a/GLP increases T cell antitumor activity in in vitro models and an orthotopic mouse model. G9a/GLP inhibition increases granzyme expression without terminal T cell differentiation or exhaustion and results in specific changes in expression of genes and proteins involved in pro-inflammatory pathways, T cell activation and cytotoxicity.

2023-01-19 | PXD039542 | JPOST Repository

Identification of proteins stably associated with G9a/GLP (EHMT2/EHMT1) complex of histone methyltransferases

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2016-03-16 | PXD003466 | Pride

GLP is critical for oogenesis exhibiting a G9A-independent role in transcriptional repression

Project description:GLP (EHMT1) functions as an H3K9me1 and H3K9me2 methyltransferase through its reportedly obligatory dimerization with G9A (EHMT2). Here, we investigated the role of GLP in oocyte and embryo development in comparison to G9A using oocyte-specific conditional knockout mouse models (G9a cKO, Glp cKO, G9a-Glp cDKO). Loss of GLP in oogenesis severely impairs oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryo development, resulting in lethality before embryonic day E12.5. In contrast, loss of G9A has a milder effect with a proportion of embryos producing viable offspring. The Glp cKO also showed loss of G9A protein and, hence, was phenotypically very similar to the G9a-Glp cDKO. H3K9me2 was equally depleted in all cKO genotypes, whereas H3K9me1 was decreased only in Glp cKO and G9a-Glp cDKO oocytes. Furthermore, the transcriptome, DNA methylome and proteome were markedly more affected in G9a-Glp cDKO than G9a cKO oocytes, demonstrating that in the absence of GLP there are widespread epigenetic and gene expression changes in the oocyte independent of H3K9me2. Gene dysregulation with coupled changes in DNA methylation suggest localised loss of chromatin repression, resulting in upregulated protein expression. Together, our findings demonstrate that GLP can function independently of G9A in the oocyte and is required for oocyte developmental competence.

2022-12-02 | GSE191026 | GEO

The Histone H3 Lysine 9 Methyltransferases G9a and GLP Regulate Polycomb Repressive Complex 2-Mediated Gene Silencing [Affymetrix]

Project description:G9a/GLP and Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) are two major epigenetic silencing machineries, which in particular methylate histone H3 on lysines 9 and 27 (H3K9 and H3K27), respectively. Although evidence of a crosstalk between H3K9 and H3K27 methylations has started to emerge, their actual interplay remains elusive. Here, we show that PRC2 and G9a/GLP interact physically and functionally. Moreover, combining different genome-wide approaches, we demonstrate that Ezh2 and G9a/GLP share an important number of common genomic targets, encoding developmental and neuronal regulators. Furthermore, we show that G9a enzymatic activity modulates PRC2 genomic recruitment to a subset of its target genes. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an unanticipated interplay between two main histone lysine methylation mechanisms, which cooperate to maintain silencing of a subset of developmental genes. Microarray has been perform in triplicate on total extract RNA from mES cell (TT2 : Wildtype and KOs G9a-/-, GLP-/-, G9a-/- and GLP-/-)

2014-01-03 | E-GEOD-46544 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The Histone H3 Lysine 9 Methyltransferases G9a and GLP Regulate Polycomb Repressive Complex 2-Mediated Gene Silencing [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:G9a/GLP and Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) are two major epigenetic silencing machineries, which in particular methylate histone H3 on lysines 9 and 27 (H3K9 and H3K27), respectively. Although evidence of a crosstalk between H3K9 and H3K27 methylations has started to emerge, their actual interplay remains elusive. Here, we show that PRC2 and G9a/GLP interact physically and functionally. Moreover, combining different genome-wide approaches, we demonstrate that Ezh2 and G9a/GLP share an important number of common genomic targets, encoding developmental and neuronal regulators. Furthermore, we show that G9a enzymatic activity modulates PRC2 genomic recruitment to a subset of its target genes. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an unanticipated interplay between two main histone lysine methylation mechanisms, which cooperate to maintain silencing of a subset of developmental genes. ChIP-seq has been performed for G9a and Ezh2 in wild type TT2 mES cells or in mES cells lacking both G9a and GLP (G9a-/-GLP-/-). As a control, input DNA was saved before immunoprecipitation. Note that the two inputs (Input_TT2_0 and Input_TT2_1) have been combined and used as control for Ezh2 and G9a ChIP-seq.

2014-01-03 | E-GEOD-46536 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The Histone H3 Lysine 9 Methyltransferases G9a and GLP Regulate Polycomb Repressive Complex 2-Mediated Gene Silencing [RNA-Seq]

Project description:G9a/GLP and Polycomb Repressive Complex 2 (PRC2) are two major epigenetic silencing machineries, which in particular methylate histone H3 on lysines 9 and 27 (H3K9 and H3K27), respectively. Although evidence of a crosstalk between H3K9 and H3K27 methylations has started to emerge, their actual interplay remains elusive. Here, we show that PRC2 and G9a/GLP interact physically and functionally. Moreover, combining different genome-wide approaches, we demonstrate that Ezh2 and G9a/GLP share an important number of common genomic targets, encoding developmental and neuronal regulators. Furthermore, we show that G9a enzymatic activity modulates PRC2 genomic recruitment to a subset of its target genes. Taken together, our findings demonstrate an unanticipated interplay between two main histone lysine methylation mechanisms, which cooperate to maintain silencing of a subset of developmental genes. RNA-seq has been perform in triplicate on mES cell (TT2 : Wildtype, and KO G9a-/-)

2014-01-03 | E-GEOD-49669 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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