HB21 induction in Arabidopsis inflorescence apexes
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana
PROVIDER: GSE249766 | GEO | 2024/05/24
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Several pathways conferring environmental flowering responses in Arabidopsis converge on developmental processes that mediate floral transition in the shoot apical meristem. Many characterized mutations disrupt these environmental responses, but downstream developmental processes have been more refractory to mutagenesis. We constructed a quintuple mutant impaired in several environmental pathways and showed that it possesses severely reduced flowering responses to changes in photoperiod and ambient temperature. RNA-seq analysis of the quintuple mutant showed that the expression of genes encoding gibberellin biosynthesis enzymes and transcription factors involved in the age pathway correlates with flowering. Mutagenesis of the quintuple mutant generated two late-flowering mutants, quintuple ems 1 (qem1) and qem2. The mutated genes were identified by isogenic mapping and transgenic complementation. The qem1 mutant was an allele of ga20ox2, confirming the importance of gibberellin for flowering in the absence of environmental responses. By contrast, the qem2 mutation is in CHROMATIN REMODELING 4 (CHR4), which has not been genetically implicated in floral induction. Using co-immunoprecipitation, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq, we show that CHR4 interacts with transcription factors involved in floral meristem identity and affects expression of key floral regulators. We conclude that CHR4 mediates the response to endogenous flowering pathways in the inflorescence meristem to promote floral identity.
2020-03-02 | PXD016457 | Pride
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2011-09-01 | GSE17370 | GEO
Project description:The timing of reproductive development determines spike architecture and thus yield in temperate grasses such as barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). Reproductive development in barley is controlled by the photoperiod response gene Ppd-H1 which accelerates flowering time under long-day (LD) conditions. A natural mutation in Ppd-H1 prevalent in spring barley causes a reduced photoperiod response, and thus, late flowering under LD. However, it is not very well understood how LD and Ppd-H1 control pre-anthesis development, and thus spike architecture and yield in barley. We performed a detailed morphological analysis of the pre-anthesis development in the spring barley cultivar Scarlett and its wild barley derived introgression line S42-IL107, carrying the photoperiod responsive Ppd-H1 allele. Characterization of shoot apex development in these genotypes indicated that floral transition and initiation of floral primordia occurred under LD (16h light/ 8h dark) and short day (SD, 8h light/ 16h dark) conditions, while inflorescence and seed development strictly required LDs. Additionally, a fast photoperiod response in the presence of the dominant Ppd-H1 allele promoted floret fertility under LDs. To characterize the effects of the photoperiod and allelic variation at Ppd-H1 on gene expression during pre-anthesis development we performed RNA sequencing of leaves and developing main shoot apices during the vegetative phase and early stages of inflorescence development in Scarlett and S42-IL107 grown under SD and LD conditions. Main shoot apices of both genotypes were sampled at defined developmental stages, i.e. Waddington stage W0.5, W1.0, W2.0 and W3.5, respectively. Leaf samples were harvested from plants before (W1.0) and after floral transition (W2.0). We identified genes that were specifically regulated at floral transition independent of day-length and Ppd-H1 and thus may serve as markers for the staging of floral transition. Furthermore, we identified transcripts differentially expressed between photoperiods and between genotypes in leaves and in shoot apices. This set of transcripts might act as candidates downstream of Ppd-H1 and are correlated with the promotion of shoot apex development and higher floret fertility under LD and in the presence of the photoperiod responsive Ppd-H1 allele.
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2011-08-31 | E-GEOD-17370 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Jatropha curcas L. is a potential biofuel plant. Application of exogenous cytokinin (6-benzyladenine, BA) on its inflorescence buds can significantly increase the number of female flowers, thereby improving seed yield. To investigate which genes and signal pathways are involved in the response to cytokinin in J. curcas inflorescence buds, we monitored transcriptional activity in inflorescences at 0, 3, 12, 24, and 48 h after BA treatment using a microarray. We detected 5,555 differentially expressed transcripts over the course of the experiment, which could be grouped into 12 distinct temporal expression patterns. We also identified 31 and 131 transcripts in J. curcas whose homologs in model plants function in flowering and phytohormonal signaling pathways, respectively. According to the transcriptional analysis of genes involved in flower development, we hypothesized that BA treatment delays floral organ formation by inhibiting the transcription of the A, B and E classes of floral organ-identity genes, which would allow more time to generate more floral primordia in inflorescence meristems, thereby enhancing inflorescence branching and significantly increasing flower number per inflorescence. BA treatment might also play an important role in maintaining the flowering signals by activating the transcription of GIGANTEA (GI) and inactivating the transcription of CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC 1 (COP1) and TERMINAL FLOWER 1b (TFL1b). In addition, exogenous cytokinin treatment could regulate the expression of genes involved in the metabolism and signaling of other phytohormones, indicating that cytokinin and other phytohormones jointly regulate flower development in J. curcas inflorescence buds. Our study provides a framework to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying changes in flowering traits in response to cytokinin treatment in J. curcas inflorescence buds. The results provide valuable information related to the mechanisms of cross-talk among multiple phytohormone signaling pathways in woody plants.
2014-12-14 | GSE54366 | GEO
Project description:Water deficit is the key induction factors known to induce flowering in many woody plants, whereas reports on the molecular mechanisms underlying floral induction by water deficit are scarce. Here, we analyzed morphology, cytology and different hormone level of lemon buds during floral inductive water deficits. Higher levels of ABA were observed and the floral buds initiated differentiation by paraffin sections analysis. Total 1,638 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified by RNA-sequencing. Some DEGs were related to flowering, while others were associated with hormone biosynthesis or metabolism.
2017-08-15 | GSE90596 | GEO
Project description:Flowering of several plant species is induced by exposure to specific photoperiods that promote the expression of florigenic proteins in the leaves and their subsequent translocation to the shoot apex, where they commit the meristem to a reproductive fate. Transition to reproductive growth at the apex is often accompanied by stem elongation, to expose flowers above the leaves and facilitate fertilization. However, how growth and inflorescence formation are coupled and how photoperiodic signals coordinate these processes at the apex is still unclear. We studied these mechanisms in rice, a short day plant. Here, we show that HEADING DATE 3a (Hd3a) and RICE FLOWERING LOCUS T 1 (RFT1), encoding components of the rice florigenic signal, are sufficient to repress expression of PREMATURE INTERNODE ELONGATION 1 (PINE1) at the shoot apex during the transition to flowering, thus promoting culm elongation. PINE1 encodes a nuclear C2H2 zinc finger transcriptional repressor that controls the mRNA abundance of GA3ox2, a gibberellin (GA) biosynthetic gene. These data uncover the existence of a regulatory network coordinating multiple aspects of phase transition, and indicate that GA-induced growth and activity of florigenic proteins at the shoot apex need to be strictly coupled.
2018-11-30 | GSE90493 | GEO
Project description:Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates seed and bud dormancy. We show by forward and reverse genetic analysis that the tomato transcription factor SlZFP2 is required for release of bud and seed dormancy through negative regulation of ABA biosynthesis. We also demonstrated that ABA promotes growth and represses flowering in tomato both through transcriptional control on the florigen-encoding gene SINGLE FLOWER TRUSS (SFT) in tomato. To gain further insight on transcriptome changes by overexpresion of HA-SlZFP2, we sequenced two lines of p35S:HA-SlZFP2 in LA1589 background and their nontransgenic siblings on Illumina Hiseq2000 platform. Two homozygous transgenic lines 103 and 104 showing very similar phenotypes in flowering and branching were chosen for profiling gene expression via RNA sequencing. Their respective nontransgenic siblings were served as controls (103N and 104N).
2014-04-01 | E-GEOD-45243 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Abscisic acid (ABA) regulates seed and bud dormancy. We show by forward and reverse genetic analysis that the tomato transcription factor SlZFP2 is required for release of bud and seed dormancy through negative regulation of ABA biosynthesis. We also demonstrated that ABA promotes growth and represses flowering in tomato both through transcriptional control on the florigen-encoding gene SINGLE FLOWER TRUSS (SFT) in tomato. To gain further insight on transcriptome changes by overexpresion of HA-SlZFP2, we sequenced two lines of p35S:HA-SlZFP2 in LA1589 background and their nontransgenic siblings on Illumina Hiseq2000 platform.
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Project description:Several pathways conferring environmental flowering responses in Arabidopsis converge on developmental processes that act in the shoot apical meristem to mediate the floral transition. Many characterized mutations impair environmental flowering responses, however downstream developmental processes have been more refractory to mutagenesis. We constructed a quintuple mutant in which several environmental pathways are impaired and showed that its flowering responses to changes in photoperiod and ambient temperature are almost abolished. Analysis of the quintuple mutant by RNA-seq showed that expression of gibberellin biosynthetic genes and transcription factors that contribute to the age pathway correlate with flowering. Mutagenesis of the quintuple mutant recovered two late-flowering mutants, quintuple ems 1 (qem1) and qem2. The causal genes were identified by isogenic mapping and transgenic complementation. The qem1 mutation was an allele of ga20ox2, confirming the importance of gibberellin for flowering in the absence of environmental responses. By contrast, qem2 is in CHROMATIN REMODELING 4 (CHR4), which was not previously genetically implicated in floral induction. Using co-immunoprecipitation, RNA-seq and ChIP-seq, we show that CHR4 interacts with transcription factors involved in floral meristem identity and affects expression of key floral regulators. We conclude that CHR4 plays important roles in the inflorescence meristem to promote floral identity.
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