Simultaneous perturbation of epigenetic and signaling pathways synergistically induces therapeutic differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE249773 | GEO | 2025/01/09
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Differentiation therapy has proven to be curative for the rare acute myeloid leukemia (AML) subtype, the acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, whether differentiation induction is a generalizable therapeutic approach for AML and beyond remains incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that simultaneous inhibition of the histone demethylase LSD1 (LSD1i) and the Wnt pathway GSK3β kinase (GSK3βi) robustly promotes therapeutic differentiation of established AML cell lines and primary human AML cells, as well as reducing tumor burden in a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, this combination promotes differentiation by activating genes in the type I interferon pathway (IFN-I) via inducing expression of IRF7 (LSD1i) and b-catenin (GSK3i) and their selective co-occupancy at targets such as STAT1, which is necessary for combination-indued differentiation. Combination treatment also suppresses the canonical, pro-oncogenic Wnt pathway and cell cycle genes. Importantly, analysis of AML patient datasets suggests a correlation between the combination-induced transcription signature and better prognosis, highlighting clinical potential of this strategy. Collectively, our findings suggest that this combination strategy re-wires transcriptional programs to suppress stemness and to promote differentiation, which may have important therapeutic implications for AML and Wnt-driven cancers beyond AML.
2025-01-09 | GSE249879 | GEO
Project description:While most current therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) suffer from limited efficacy and substantial toxicity, differentiation therapy has proven to be curative for the rare AML subtype, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, whether differentiation induction is a generalizable therapeutic approach for AML and beyond remains incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that simultaneous inhibition of the histone demethylase LSD1 (LSD1i) and the Wnt pathway GSK3β kinase (GSK3βi) robustly promotes therapeutic differentiation of established AML cell lines and primary human AML cells, as well as reducing tumor burden in a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, this combination treatment induces selective co-occupancy of IRF7 and b-catenin at promoters of the type I interferon signaling pathway component genes such as STAT1 essential for AML differentiation, and key downstream target genes, and consequently their expression. Combination treatment also suppresses the canonical, pro-oncogenic Wnt pathway and activates a pro-differentiation transcription program. Importantly, analysis of AML patient datasets suggests a correlation between the combination-induced transcription signature and better prognosis, highlighting clinical potential of this strategy. Collectively, our findings suggest that this combination strategy re-wires transcriptional programs to suppress stemness and to promote differentiation, which may have important therapeutic implications for AML and Wnt-driven cancers beyond AML.
2025-01-09 | GSE251859 | GEO
Project description:While most current therapies for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) suffer from limited efficacy and substantial toxicity, differentiation therapy has proven to be curative for the rare AML subtype, acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). However, whether differentiation induction is a generalizable therapeutic approach for AML and beyond remains incompletely understood. In this study, we demonstrate that simultaneous inhibition of the histone demethylase LSD1 (LSD1i) and the Wnt pathway GSK3β kinase (GSK3βi) robustly promotes therapeutic differentiation of established AML cell lines and primary human AML cells, as well as reducing tumor burden in a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, this combination treatment induces selective co-occupancy of IRF7 and b-catenin at promoters of the type I interferon signaling pathway component genes such as STAT1 essential for AML differentiation, and key downstream target genes, and consequently their expression. Combination treatment also suppresses the canonical, pro-oncogenic Wnt pathway and activates a pro-differentiation transcription program. Importantly, analysis of AML patient datasets suggests a correlation between the combination-induced transcription signature and better prognosis, highlighting clinical potential of this strategy. Collectively, our findings suggest that this combination strategy re-wires transcriptional programs to suppress stemness and to promote differentiation, which may have important therapeutic implications for AML and Wnt-driven cancers beyond AML.
2025-01-09 | GSE251857 | GEO
Project description:Resistance to asparaginase, an antileukemic enzyme that depletes asparagine, is a common clinical problem. Using a genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen, we found a synthetic lethal interaction between Wnt pathway activation and asparaginase in acute leukemias resistant to this enzyme. Wnt pathway activation induced asparaginase sensitivity in distinct treatment-resistant subtypes of acute leukemia, but not in normal hematopoietic progenitors. Sensitization to asparaginase was mediated by Wnt-dependent stabilization of proteins (Wnt/STOP), which inhibits GSK3-dependent protein ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, a catabolic source of asparagine. Inhibiting the alpha isoform of GSK3 phenocopied this effect, and pharmacologic GSK3 inhibition profoundly sensitized drug-resistant leukemias to asparaginase. Our findings provide a molecular rationale for activation of Wnt/STOP signaling to improve the therapeutic index of asparaginase. To gain further insights into mechanisms of cytotoxicity of this combination, we applied unbiased mass spectrometry proteomics to CCRF-CEM cells, a human T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia cell line, treated with vehicle, asparaginase alone, the GSK3 inhibitor BRD0705 (which phenocopies Wnt/STOP pathway activation), or the combination of asparaginase and BRD0705.
2019-03-29 | PXD013061 | Pride
Project description:Exploiting an Asp-Glu “switch” in glycogen synthase kinase 3 to design paralog selective inhibitors for use in acute myeloid leukemia: Genome-wide transcriptional profile for the GSK3β selective inhibitor BRD3731. Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), a key regulatory kinase in the WNT pathway, remains a therapeutic target of interest in many diseases. While dual GSK3α/β inhibitors have entered clinical trials, none has successfully translated to clinical application. Mechanism-based toxicities, driven in part by the inhibition of both GSK3 paralogs and subsequent β-catenin stabilization, are a concern in the translation of this target class to cancer therapy, particularly for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Knockdown of GSK3α or GSK3β individually does not increase β-catenin in certain cellular subtypes and offers a conceptual resolution to targeting GSK3: paralog-selective inhibition. However, only inadequate chemical tools exist. The design of selective ATP competitive inhibitors poses a drug discovery challenge due to the high homology (95% identity, 100% similarity) in their ATP binding domains. Taking advantage of an Asp133®Glu196 “switch” in their hinge binding domains, we present a rational design strategy towards the discovery of a paralog selective set of GSK3 inhibitors. These first-in-class GSK3α and GSK3β selective inhibitors provided insights into GSK3 targeting in AML where GSK3α has been identified as a therapeutic target using genetic approaches. Our GSK3α selective compound (BRD0705) inhibits kinase function and does not stabilize β-catenin, mitigating potential neoplastic concerns. BRD0705 induces myeloid differentiation and impairs colony formation in AML cells while no effect is observed on normal hematopoietic cells. Moreover, BRD0705 impairs leukemia initiation and prolongs survival in AML mouse models. These studies validate feasibility of paralog selective GSK3α inhibition offering a promising therapeutic approach in AML.
2019-06-16 | GSE109986 | GEO
Project description:Exploiting an Asp-Glu “switch” in glycogen synthase kinase 3 to design paralog selective inhibitors for use in acute myeloid leukemia: Genome-wide transcriptional profiles for the GSK3α selective inhibitor BRD0507 and for the GSK3α/β dual inhibitor BRD0320 Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3), a key regulatory kinase in the WNT pathway, remains a therapeutic target of interest in many diseases. While dual GSK3α/β inhibitors have entered clinical trials, none has successfully translated to clinical application. Mechanism-based toxicities, driven in part by the inhibition of both GSK3 paralogs and subsequent β-catenin stabilization, are a concern in the translation of this target class to cancer therapy, particularly for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Knockdown of GSK3α or GSK3β individually does not increase β-catenin in certain cellular subtypes and offers a conceptual resolution to targeting GSK3: paralog-selective inhibition. However, only inadequate chemical tools exist. The design of selective ATP competitive inhibitors poses a drug discovery challenge due to the high homology (95% identity, 100% similarity) in their ATP binding domains. Taking advantage of an Asp133®Glu196 “switch” in their hinge binding domains, we present a rational design strategy towards the discovery of a paralog selective set of GSK3 inhibitors. These first-in-class GSK3α and GSK3β selective inhibitors provided insights into GSK3 targeting in AML where GSK3α has been identified as a therapeutic target using genetic approaches. Our GSK3α selective compound (BRD0705) inhibits kinase function and does not stabilize β-catenin, mitigating potential neoplastic concerns. BRD0705 induces myeloid differentiation and impairs colony formation in AML cells while no effect is observed on normal hematopoietic cells. Moreover, BRD0705 impairs leukemia initiation and prolongs survival in AML mouse models. These studies validate feasibility of paralog selective GSK3α inhibition offering a promising therapeutic approach in AML.
2019-06-16 | GSE109985 | GEO
Project description:GSK3alpha has been identified as a new target in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, most GSK3 inhibitors lack specificity for GSK3alpha over GSK3beta and other kinases. We have previously shown in lung cancer cells that GSK3alpha and to a lesser extent GSK3beta are inhibited by the advanced clinical candidate tivantinib (ARQ197), which was designed as a MET inhibitor. Thus, we hypothesized that tivantinib would be an effective therapy for the treatment of AML. Here, we show that tivantinib has potent anticancer activity across several AML cell lines and primary patient cells. Tivantinib strongly induced apoptosis, differentiation and G2/M cell cycle arrest and caused less undesirable stabilization of beta-catenin compared to the pan-GSK3 inhibitor LiCl. Subsequent drug combination studies identified the BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199 to synergize with tivantinib. Interestingly, the addition of ABT-199 to tivantinib completely abrogated tivantinib induced beta-catenin stabilization. Tivantinib alone, or in combination with ABT-199, downregulated anti-apoptotic MCL-1 and BCL-XL levels, which likely contribute to the observed synergy. Importantly, tivantinib as single agent or in combination with ABT-199 significantly inhibited the colony forming capacity of primary patient AML bone marrow mononuclear cells. In summary, tivantinib is a novel GSK3alpha/beta inhibitor that potently kills AML cells and tivantinib single agent or combination therapy with ABT-199 may represent attractive new therapeutic opportunities for AML.
2019-01-29 | PXD010217 | Pride
Project description:The cellular origin and molecular progression towards aggressive cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain elusive. Clinically, Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and related myeloproliferative neoplasias (MPN) disorders1-5 are believed to present as a precursor stage to lethal AML development. Despite the identification of cytogenetic abnormalities and increased activation of signaling in human MDS/MPN, specific pathways that either sustain or initiate disease progression and evolve into self-sustaining leukemic-initiating cells (L-ICs)13 have not been elucidated. Here we demonstrate that tissue specific loss of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3 betaβ) initiates the emergence of stable Pre-leukemic-ICs (PLIC) in vivo. In contrast to deletion or transgenic perturbation of pathways associated with AML eg. β-catenin/Wnt, serial transplantation of PL-IC produced abnormal hematological disease that phenotypically and molecularly resembles human MDS/MPN. PL-ICs were exclusively generated from GSK3 betaβ deficient hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), indicating that disease initiation events collaborate with existing HSC self-renewal machinery. In the absence of GSK3 betaβ, subsequent deletion of GSK3 betaα caused rapid induction of L-ICs that give rise to lethal AML. As these processes were solely driven by dose-dependent deficiencies in GSK3 beta levels, our results suggest that perturbation of this pathway can sufficiently drive and recapitulate a step-wise progression of disease from HSCs to MDS/MPN and subsequent AML. Our study provides a molecular and cellular foundation to understand AML evolution from pre-leukemic precursors. We suggest that defining the molecular states of pre-neoplastic disease will allow patient stratification at early stages of MDS/MPN onset and aid in the development of therapeutic targeting of causal pathways responsible for the earliest stages of leukemic initiation events. 5 week post-transplanted recipient mice (CD45.1) with either Lin- bone marrow GSK3 alpha +/+ beta +/flx, alpha+/+ beta flx/flx, alpha -/- beta +/+ or alpha-/- beta fx/flx Rosa26-CreERTM cells (CD45.2) were induced 3 times with intraperitoneal injections of Tamoxifen (75mg/kg) at intervals of two to three days. Mice were sacrificed and analyzed 4 weeks after injection. Bone marrow lineage negative (Lin-), Sca1+, cKit+ cells were sorted from engrafted Lin- bone marrow GSK3 alpha +/+ beta +/flx, alpha+/+ beta flx/flx, alpha -/- beta +/+ or alpha-/- beta fx/flx cells for RNA extraction. Total RNA from purified populations was extracted and amplified as described previously (Shojaei et al., 2005). Amplified-labeled RNA was hybridized to Affymetrix Mouse Genome 430 2.0 Array.
2016-01-11 | E-GEOD-53352 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The cellular origin and molecular progression towards aggressive cancers such as acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain elusive. Clinically, Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and related myeloproliferative neoplasias (MPN) disorders1-5 are believed to present as a precursor stage to lethal AML development. Despite the identification of cytogenetic abnormalities and increased activation of signaling in human MDS/MPN, specific pathways that either sustain or initiate disease progression and evolve into self-sustaining leukemic-initiating cells (L-ICs)13 have not been elucidated. Here we demonstrate that tissue specific loss of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3 betaβ) initiates the emergence of stable Pre-leukemic-ICs (PLIC) in vivo. In contrast to deletion or transgenic perturbation of pathways associated with AML eg. β-catenin/Wnt, serial transplantation of PL-IC produced abnormal hematological disease that phenotypically and molecularly resembles human MDS/MPN. PL-ICs were exclusively generated from GSK3 betaβ deficient hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), indicating that disease initiation events collaborate with existing HSC self-renewal machinery. In the absence of GSK3 betaβ, subsequent deletion of GSK3 betaα caused rapid induction of L-ICs that give rise to lethal AML. As these processes were solely driven by dose-dependent deficiencies in GSK3 beta levels, our results suggest that perturbation of this pathway can sufficiently drive and recapitulate a step-wise progression of disease from HSCs to MDS/MPN and subsequent AML. Our study provides a molecular and cellular foundation to understand AML evolution from pre-leukemic precursors. We suggest that defining the molecular states of pre-neoplastic disease will allow patient stratification at early stages of MDS/MPN onset and aid in the development of therapeutic targeting of causal pathways responsible for the earliest stages of leukemic initiation events.
2016-01-11 | GSE53352 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: We aimed to investigate the effect of several anti-leukemia drugs in combination with decitabine (DAC) on the proliferation of myeloid leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo, to select the most efficient combination group and explore associated mechanisms of these combination therapies. Experimental Design: After comparing with five anti-leukemia drugs in several different kinds of cell lines, the combination effect of idarubicin (IDA) with DAC was best. In vivo, by using microPET, TUNEL, and transmission electron microscopy, the inhibitory effects obtained by sequentially combining DAC with IDA, evidenced by evaluating tumor cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Molecular studies were conducted using gene chip, which was used to explore associated pathways, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC), used to assess regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Results: The sequential combination of DAC and IDA showed synergistic induction of cell death in U937, HEL, SKM-1 and cells isolated from AML patients. Importantly, the inhibition of tumor growth in the sequential combination group was found to be significantly higher than that of single drug group or control group in vivo. Moreover, sequential treatment with DAC and IDA induced apoptosis and depression of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in both culture and animal studies. Conclusions: Our findings showed that sequentially combining decitabine with idarubicin had a synergistic anti-leukemia effect. These findings were attributed to demethylation of Wnt pathway inhibitors and downregulation of Wnt pathway nuclear targets observed in vitro and in vivo. After comparing with five anti-leukemia drugs in several different kinds of cell lines, the combination effect of idarubicin (IDA) with DAC was best. In vivo, by using microPET, TUNEL, and transmission electron microscopy, the inhibitory effects obtained by sequentially combining DAC with IDA, evidenced by evaluating tumor cell proliferation and cell apoptosis. Molecular studies were conducted using gene chip, which was used to explore associated pathways, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC), used to assess regulation of Wnt/β-catenin pathway.
2014-02-13 | E-GEOD-54918 | biostudies-arrayexpress