Small RNA sequencing from leaf of Arabidopsis to identify tsRNA
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ABSTRACT: tsRNA is newly found small non-coding RNA with important biological function. However, the knowlede of diversity, biogeneis and function of tsRNA in plant is still lacking. Here, we selected 10-60 nt small RNA for high-throughput sequencing and uncovered the diversity,biogenesis and potentical function of tsRNA in Arabidopsis.
Project description:tsRNA is newly found small non-coding RNA with important biological function. However, the knowlede of diversity, biogeneis and function of tsRNA in plant is still lacking. Here, we selected 10-60 nt small RNA for high-throughput sequencing and uncovered the diversity,biogenesis and potentical function of tsRNA in Arabidopsis.
Project description:Emerging evidence indicates that tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) with the most abundant RNA modifications play an important role in many complex physiological and pathological processes. However, the biological function and regulation mechanism of modified tsRNA in cancer are still poorly understood. Here, we screened and confirmed a novel m7G modified tsRNA, m7G-3'tiRNA LysTTT (mtiRL) in a variety of chemical carcinogenic models by combined small RNA sequencing with m7G small RNA modified Chip. Moreover, we found that mtiRL catalyzed by tRNA m7G modifying enzyme mettl1 promoted bladder cancer malignancy in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, mtiRL specifically bound to oncoprotein Annexin A2 (ANXA2) to promote Tyr24 phosphorylation of ANXA2 by enhancing interactions between ANXA2 and YES1, leading to ANXA2 activation and increased ANXA2 nuclear distribution in bladder cancer cells. Together, these findings define a critical role for mtiRL, targeting this novel m7G modified tsRNA would be an efficient way for the treatment of BC.
Project description:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by lung parenchymal destruction and small airway remodeling, involving processes like inflammation, cell apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and collagen deposition. There are currently no targeted drugs for airway remodeling. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) show promise in COPD treatment, yet their impact on airway remodeling and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are non-coding RNAs implicated in disease regulation, but their role in COPD and their modulation by BMSCs remain unexplored. Our study assessed BMSC effects on airway remodeling in a COPD mouse model and constructed tsRNA and mRNA expression profiles. Based on the differentially expressed tsRNA-mRNA target pairs identified by tsRNA and mRNA sequencing, we constructed a tsRNA regulatory network linked to COPD airway remoding. The modulation of tsRNA by MSCs may represent one of the pathways through which they ameliorate COPD airway remodeling. Our research will enrich the understanding of BMSC therapy for COPD and provide greater insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression and treatment of airway remodeling.
Project description:Objective Lung cancer has the highest incidence and mortality rates globally, with the majority of cases classified as non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Due to the absence of specific tumor biomarkers, most lung cancer cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage. Therefore, the identification of novel molecular biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity for early diagnosis is deemed crucial for enhancing the treatment of NSCLC. Transfer RNA-derived small RNA (tsRNA) is closely associated with malignant tumors and holds promise as a potential biomarker for tumor diagnosis. This study aimed to investigate whether serum tsRNA could serve as a biomarker for NSCLC. Methods Differentially expressed tsRNAs were identified through high-throughput sequencing of serum samples obtained from patients with NSCLC and healthy individuals. Additional serum samples were collected for validation using Reverse Transcription Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR). The diagnostic performance of these tsRNAs was assessed through Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve Analysis. Furthermore, preliminary functional exploration was undertaken through cell experiments. Results tsRNA-49-73-Glu-CTC is highly expressed in the serum of patients with NSCLC and demonstrates superior diagnostic value compared to commonly used tumor markers in clinical practice, such as Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA), Neuron-Specific Enolase (NSE), and Cytokeratin 19 Fragment (CYFRA). A combined diagnostic approach enhances the accuracy of NSCLC detection. Additionally, tsRNA-49-73-Glu-CTC is highly expressed in A549 cells, and transfection with a tsRNA-49-73-Glu-CTC inhibitor significantly reduces both proliferation and migration capabilities. Conclusions tsRNA-49-73-Glu-CTC has the potential to serve as a novel molecular diagnostic biomarker for NSCLC and plays a significant role in the biological processes associated with NSCLC proliferation and migration.
Project description:Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are an emerging class of small RNAs, yet their regulatory roles have not been well understood. Here we studied the molecular mechanisms and consequences of tsRNA-mediated regulation in Drosophila. By carrying out mRNA sequencing and ribosome profiling of S2 cells transfected with single-stranded tsRNA mimics and mocks, we show that tsRNAs recognize target mRNAs through conserved complementary sequence matching and suppress target genes by translational inhibition. Serum starvation experiments confirm tsRNAs participate in cellular starvation responses by preferential targeting the ribosomal proteins and translational initiation or elongation factors. Knock-down of AGO2 in S2 cells under normal and starved conditions reveals a dependence of the tsRNA-mediated regulation on AGO2. Our study suggests the tsRNA-mediated regulation might be crucial for the energy homeostasis and the metabolic adaptation in the cellular systems.
Project description:The expression levels of tRNA-derived small RNA, known as tsRNA, were interrogated in the following parental cell lines: MCF10A normal-like mammary epithelial cell, MCF7, MCF10AT1, MCF10CA1a, and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. In addition, tsRNA expression was determined after shRNA-inhibition of RUNX1 in MCF10A cells or RUNX1 induction in MCF10CA1a cells.
Project description:We sequenced mRNA expression from 3 HeLa and 3 HCT-116 cell lines transfected with LNA (Locked nucleic acid) GL2, LNA CAGMM, or LNA CAGPM respectively. In order to dissect the biological role of 3?tsRNAs (type I tsRNAs) in mammals, we reduced the bioavailable abundance of specific tsRNA species using complementary locked nucleic acid/DNA-mixed antisense oligonucleotides (LNA). The LNA forms a highly stable complex with the target RNA in a sequence specific manner, essentially inhibiting its ability to interact with their biological targets. In our tsRNA-knockdown experiments of HeLa and HCT-116 cell lines, we used three different LNA probes. GL2, is the LNA probe complementary to firefly luciferase gene from pGL2 vector (Promega, WI, USA), which serve as negative control. CAGPM, is the LNA probe perfect complementary to LeuCAG3?tsRNA. CAGMM, is the LNA probe complementary to LeuCAG3?tsRNA with 2 nt mismatches. The sequences for LNA probes are as follows. LNA bases are upper-case letter and DNA bases are lower ?case letter. GL2: GtaCgCgGaaTaCTtC CAGPM: tGTcAGgAgTggGaT CAGMM: tCTcACgAgTggGaT
Project description:To identify and characterize differentially expressed tsRNA, we collected 3 primary tissues and 3 liver metastasis tissues in pancreatic cancer, and compared the tsRNA expression profiles between primary tissues and liver metastasis tissues in pancreatic cancer using tsRNA sequencing.