Dux promotes metabolism-lactylation-MET cascaded network during early iPSC reprogramming with Brg1 as the histone lactylation reader
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE251642 | GEO | 2024/03/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The process of reprogramming induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) involves several crucial events, including the shutdown of somatic genes, the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), activation of pluripotent genes, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic rewiring. These events intricately interact and influence each other, ultimately leading to the formation of iPSCs. However, the specific element that regulates the reprogramming network remains unclear. Dux, a factor known to promote totipotency during the transition from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to 2C-like ESCs (2CLC), has not been extensively studied in the context of iPSC reprogramming. In this study, we demonstrate that the modification of H3K18la induced by Dux overexpression controls the metabolism-H3K18la-MET network, enhancing the efficiency of iPSC reprogramming through a metabolic switch and the recruitment of P300 via its C-terminal domain. Through the utilization of H3K18la regulators, we discover that H3K18la plays crucial roles in promoting MET. Furthermore, our proteomic analysis of H3K18la IP experiment uncover the specific recruitment of Brg1 during reprogramming, with both H3K18la and Brg1 being enriched on the promoters of genes associated with epithelial and pluripotency. In summary, our study has demonstrated the significant role of Dux-induced H3K18la in the early reprogramming process, highlighting its function as a potent trigger. Additionally, our research has revealed, for the first time, the binding of Brg1 to H3K18la, indicating its role as a reader of histone lactylation.
2024-03-01 | GSE251641 | GEO
Project description:The process of reprogramming induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) involves several crucial events, including the shutdown of somatic genes, the mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET), activation of pluripotent genes, metabolic reprogramming, and epigenetic rewiring. These events intricately interact and influence each other, ultimately leading to the formation of iPSCs. However, the specific element that regulates the reprogramming network remains unclear. Dux, a factor known to promote totipotency during the transition from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) to 2C-like ESCs (2CLC), has not been extensively studied in the context of iPSC reprogramming. In this study, we demonstrate that the modification of H3K18la induced by Dux overexpression controls the metabolism-H3K18la-MET network, enhancing the efficiency of iPSC reprogramming through a metabolic switch and the recruitment of P300 via its C-terminal domain. Through the utilization of H3K18la regulators, we discover that H3K18la plays crucial roles in promoting MET. Furthermore, our proteomic analysis of H3K18la IP experiment uncover the specific recruitment of Brg1 during reprogramming, with both H3K18la and Brg1 being enriched on the promoters of genes associated with epithelial and pluripotency. In summary, our study has demonstrated the significant role of Dux-induced H3K18la in the early reprogramming process, highlighting its function as a potent trigger. Additionally, our research has revealed, for the first time, the binding of Brg1 to H3K18la, indicating its role as a reader of histone lactylation.
2024-03-01 | GSE251640 | GEO
Project description:Dux promotes metabolism-lactylation-MET cascaded network during early iPSC reprogramming with Brg1 as the histone lactylation reader
| PRJNA1054996 | ENA
Project description:Dux promotes metabolism-lactylation-MET cascaded network during early iPSC reprogramming with Brg1 as the histone lactylation reader [Cut & Tag]
| PRJNA1055004 | ENA
Project description:Dux promotes metabolism-lactylation-MET cascaded network during early iPSC reprogramming with Brg1 as the histone lactylation reader [RNA-Seq]
| PRJNA1055002 | ENA
Project description:RNA editing of adenosine to inosine (A to I) is catalyzed by ADAR1 and dramatically alters the cellular transcriptome, although its functional roles in somatic cell reprogramming are largely unexplored. Here, we show that loss of ADAR1-mediated A-to-I editing disrupts mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) during induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) reprogramming and impedes acquisition of induced pluripotency. Using chemical and genetic approaches, we show that absence of ADAR1-dependent RNA editing induces aberrant innate immune responses through the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) sensor MDA5, unleashing endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and hindering epithelial fate acquisition. We found that A-to-I editing impedes MDA5 sensing and sequestration of dsRNAs encoding membrane proteins, which promote ER homeostasis by activating the PERK-dependent unfolded protein response pathway to consequently facilitate MET. This study therefore establishes a critical role for ADAR1 and its A-to-I editing activity during cell fate transitions and delineates a key regulatory layer underlying MET to control efficient reprogramming.
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Project description:Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus (SFTSV), an emerging infectious pathogen with a high fatality rate, is an enveloped tripartite segmented single-stranded negative-sense RNA virus. SFTSV infection is characterized by suppressed host innate immunity, proinflammatory cytokine storm, failure of B cell immunity and robust viral replication. m6A modification has been shown to play a role in viral infections. However, interactions between m6A modification and SFTSV infection remain poorly understood. Through MeRIP-seq, we identify m6A modifications on SFTSV RNA. We show that YTHDF1 can bind to m6A modification sites on SFTSV, decreasing the stability of SFTSV RNA and reducing translation efficiency of SFTSV proteins. The SFTSV virulence factor NSs increases lactylation of YTHDF1 and YTHDF1 degradation, thus facilitating SFTSV replication. Our findings indicate that the SFTSV protein NSs induces lactylation to inhibit YTHDF1 as a countermeasure to host's YTHDF1-mediated degradation of m6A-marked viral mRNAs.
| S-SCDT-10_1038-S44319-024-00310-7 | biostudies-other
Project description:Immune evasion and metabolic reprogramming are two fundamental hallmarks of cancer. Interestingly, lactate closely links them together. However, lactate has long been recognized as a metabolic waste product. Lactate and the acidification of the tumor microenvironment (TME) promote key carcinogenesis processes, including angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and immune escape. Notably, histone lysine lactylation (Kla) was identified as a novel post-modification (PTM), providing a new perspective on the mechanism by which lactate functions and providing a promising and potential therapy for tumors target. Further studies have confirmed that protein lactylation is essential for lactate to function; it involves important life activities such as glycolysis-related cell functions and macrophage polarization. This review systematically elucidates the role of lactate as an immunosuppressive molecule from the aspects of lactate metabolism and the effects of histone lysine or non-histone lactylation on immune cells; it provides new ideas for further understanding protein lactylation in elucidating lactate regulation of cell metabolism and immune function. We explored the possibility of targeting potential targets in lactate metabolism for cancer treatment. Finally, it is promising to propose a combined strategy inhibiting the glycolytic pathway and immunotherapy.
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Project description:BACKGROUND:Both human and mouse fibroblasts can be reprogrammed to pluripotency with Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) transcription factors. While both systems generate pluripotency, human reprogramming takes considerably longer than mouse. RESULTS:To assess additional similarities and differences, we sought to compare the binding of the reprogramming factors between the two systems. In human fibroblasts, the OSK factors initially target many more closed chromatin sites compared to mouse. Despite this difference, the intra- and intergenic distribution of target sites, target genes, primary binding motifs, and combinatorial binding patterns between the reprogramming factors are largely shared. However, while many OSKM binding events in early mouse cell reprogramming occur in syntenic regions, only a limited number is conserved in human. CONCLUSIONS:Our findings suggest similar general effects of OSKM binding across these two species, even though the detailed regulatory networks have diverged significantly.
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Project description:Cloned animals generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) have been reported for many years; however, SCNT is extremely inefficient, and zygotic genome activation (ZGA) is required for SCNT-mediated somatic cell reprogramming. To identify candidate factors that facilitate ZGA in SCNT-mediated reprogramming, we performed siRNA-repressor and mRNA-inducer screenings, which reveal Dux, Dppa2, and Dppa4 as key factors enhancing ZGA in SCNT. We show that direct injection of ZGA inducers has no significant effect on SCNT blastocyst formation; however, following the establishment of an inducible Dux transgenic mouse model, we demonstrate that transient overexpression of Dux not only improves SCNT efficiency but also increases that of chemically induced pluripotent stem cell reprogramming. Moreover, transcriptome profiling reveals that Dux-treated SCNT embryos are similar to fertilized embryos. Furthermore, transient overexpression of Dux combined with inactivation of DNA methyltransferases (Dnmts) further promotes the full embryonic development of SCNT-derived animals. These findings enhance our understanding of ZGA-regulator function in somatic reprogramming.
| S-EPMC7506990 | biostudies-literature