Transcriptome-based identification of tumor-reactive and bystander CD8+ T cell receptor clonotypes in human pancreatic cancer
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE254250 | GEO | 2024/01/26
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:In our study, we have characterized the non-expanded and expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from treatment-naive renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients (n=3), as well as the minimally cultured pre-REP TILs and rapidly expanded REP TILs with a clinical-grade TIL expansion protocol. We observed that the REP TILs encompassed an abundance of CD4positive T-cells, together with increased LAG-3 and low PD-1 expression in the CD4positive and CD8positive T-cells. In addition, we observed that the TIL expansion protocol expanded small CD4positive T-cell clonotypes in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and that the large, exhausted tumor T-cell clonotypes do not expand. We further identified RCC-associated TCR motifs that were validated in multiple TCRalpha-beta-seq and scRNAand TCRalpha-beta-seq datasets, as well as quantified the RCC-associated TCRs from the REP protocol. Overall, the T-cells carrying the RCC-associated TCRs remained high in the tumors and corresponding pre-REP TILs, but the frequency was reduced in the REP TILs. Furthermore, the overall anti-viral TCRs remained low throughout the REP protocol. Our results provide an in-depth understanding of the origin, immunophenotype, and specificity of the TCRs in RCC TILs.
2023-12-29 | E-MTAB-12910 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Clonotype selection of T cell receptors (TCRs) have been the core component of TCR therapy development. However, the conventional and widely used major histocompatibility complex (MHC) multimer staining technologies focus on high-affinity interactions between TCR and MHC-antigen complex, which may fail to identify TCRs with high efficacy for activating T cells. Here, we developed the Aptamer-based T Lymphocyte Activity Screening and sequencing (ATLAS-seq) method on a microfluidic platform. ATLAS-seq isolates and characterizes activated T cells using an aptamer-based fluorescent molecular sensor to monitor cytokine secretion from single-T cells upon antigen stimulation, followed by single-cell sequencing. As a proof of principle study, we used ATLAS-seq to screen cytomegalovirus (CMV)-reactive TCRs and identified a distinct clonotype population with a higher T cell activation level compared to one recovered by Dextramer staining method. Furthermore, we observed that ATLAS-seq selected TCR clonotypes are more efficient in target cell killing than those from Dextramer staining. Therefore, our ATLAS-seq can provide an efficient workflow to screen highly reactive antigen-specific TCR clonotypes for cancer immunotherapy.
2024-10-11 | GSE234359 | GEO
Project description:Background Clinical success of T cell receptor (TCR) gene therapy has previously been demonstrated for NY-ESO-1 TCR gene therapy. To increase numbers of cancer patients that can be treated with TCR gene therapy we aimed to identify a novel set of high-affinity cancer specific TCRs targeting different cancer testis (CT) antigens in prevalent HLA class I alleles. Methods In this study, we selected based on publicly available gene expression databases the most promising CT genes to target. From these selected genes we identified by HLA peptidomics the naturally processed and presented HLA class I peptides. With these peptide-HLA tetramers were generated, and by single cell sorting CT specific CD8+ T cells were selected, and expanded from the allo-HLA repertoire of healthy donors. By several functional assays high avidity CT-specific T cell clones with safe recognition pattern were selected. To evaluate the potential for clinical application in TCR gene therapy, TCRs were sequenced and transferred into peripheral blood derived CD8+ T cells. Results In total we identified, 7 novel CT-specific TCRs that effectively target MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A6 and MAGE-A9 in the context of human leukocyte antigen(HLA) -A1, -A2, -A3, -B7, -B35 and -C7. TCR gene transfer into CD8⁺ T cells resulted in efficient cytokine production and cytotoxicity of variety of different tumor types without detectable cross-reactivity. In addition, major in vivo antitumor effects of MAGE-A1 specific TCR engineered CD8⁺ T cells was observed in an orthotopic xenograft model for established multiple myeloma, in which bone marrow located tumor cells were completely eradicated after T cell injection. Conclusion The identification of 7 novel CT-specific TCRs, reactive against CT antigens presented in a variety of different HLA class I alleles, allows selection of therapeutic TCRs for an increased number of cancer patients, and will improve development of personalized TCR gene therapy.
2023-01-23 | PXD038862 | Pride
Project description:Background: Anti-tumor immunity is highly heterogeneous between individuals; however, underlying mechanisms remain elusive, despite their potential to improve personalized cancer immunotherapy. Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) vary significantly in immune infiltration and therapeutic responses between patients, demanding a mouse model with appropriate heterogeneity to investigate mechanistic differences. Methods: We developed a unique HNSCC mouse model to investigate underlying mechanisms of heterogeneous anti-tumor immunity. This model system may provide a better control for tumor-intrinsic and host-genetic variables, thereby uncovering the contribution of the adaptive immunity to tumor eradication. We employed single-cell T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing coupled with single-cell RNA sequencing to identify the difference in TCR repertoire of CD8 tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and the unique activation states linked with different TCR clonotypes. Results: We discovered that genetically identical wild-type recipient mice responded heterogeneously to the same SCC tumors orthotopically transplanted into the buccal mucosa. While tumors initially grew in 100% of recipients and most developed aggressive tumors, ~25% of recipients reproducibly eradicated tumors without intervention. Heterogeneous anti-tumor responses were dependent on CD8 T cells. Consistently, CD8 TILs in regressing tumors were significantly increased and more activated. Single-cell TCR-sequencing revealed that CD8 TILs from both growing and regressing tumors displayed evidence of clonal expansion compared with splenic controls. However, top TCR clonotypes and TCR specificity groups appear to be mutually exclusive between regressing and growing TILs. Furthermore, many TCRa/TCRb sequences only occur in one recipient. By coupling single-cell transcriptomic analysis with unique TCR clonotypes, we found that top TCR clonotypes clustered in distinct activation states in regressing vs. growing TILs. Intriguingly, the few TCR clonotypes shared between regressors and progressors differed greatly in their activation states, suggesting a more dominant influence from tumor microenvironment than TCR itself on T cell activation status. Conclusions: We reveal that intrinsic differences in the TCR repertoire of TILs and their different transcriptional trajectories may underlie the heterogeneous anti-tumor immune responses in different hosts. We suggest that anti-tumor immune responses are highly individualized and different hosts employ different TCR specificities against the same tumors, which may have important implications for developing personalized cancer immunotherapy.
2021-01-13 | GSE164153 | GEO
Project description:Islet-reactive T cells found in peripheral blood of type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects are thought to be involved in disease pathogenesis, but full understanding of their role is complicated by their presence also in blood of in healthy subjects. To elucidate their role in T1D, we have combined flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques to link prior antigen exposure, inferred from expanded TCR clonotypes, and functional capacities of islet antigen-reactive CD4+ memory T cells. We find that cells activated by pooled peptides from immunodominant islet antigens showed significantly higher clonotype sharing within recent onset T1D subjects than in healthy individuals, consistent with in vivo T cell expansion during disease progression. There was no clonotype sharing between donors, indicating a predominance of TCRs with distinct or “private” specificities. Expanded clonotypes could be stable, as one was detected at repeat visits by spanning more than a year by one subject. We identified distinct IGRP peptides as the targets of expanded TCR clonotypes from two T1D subjects, thereby implicating this molecule as a trigger for CD4+ T cell expansion during T1D. Transcriptome profiles of cells from T1D and healthy subjects differed, particularly in cells having the most highly expanded TCR clonotypes. As a group, cells with the most highly expanded TCR clonotypes showed Th2-like phenotypes, but at the single cell level there was phenotypic heterogeneity within and between donors. Our findings demonstrate unique specificities and phenotypes of individual islet-reactive CD4+ memory T cells that have expanded during disease progression.
2017-06-08 | GSE96568 | GEO
Project description:Islet-reactive T cells found in peripheral blood of type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects are thought to be involved in disease pathogenesis, but full understanding of their role is complicated by their presence also in blood of in healthy subjects. To elucidate their role in T1D, we have combined flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques to link prior antigen exposure, inferred from expanded TCR clonotypes, and functional capacities of islet antigen-reactive CD4+ memory T cells. We find that cells activated by pooled peptides from immunodominant islet antigens showed significantly higher clonotype sharing within recent onset T1D subjects than in healthy individuals, consistent with in vivo T cell expansion during disease progression. There was no clonotype sharing between donors, indicating a predominance of TCRs with distinct or “private” specificities. Expanded clonotypes could be stable, as one was detected at repeat visits by spanning more than a year by one subject. We identified distinct IGRP peptides as the targets of expanded TCR clonotypes from two T1D subjects, thereby implicating this molecule as a trigger for CD4+ T cell expansion during T1D. Transcriptome profiles of cells from T1D and healthy subjects differed, particularly in cells having the most highly expanded TCR clonotypes. As a group, cells with the most highly expanded TCR clonotypes showed Th2-like phenotypes, but at the single cell level there was phenotypic heterogeneity within and between donors. Our findings demonstrate unique specificities and phenotypes of individual islet-reactive CD4+ memory T cells that have expanded during disease progression.
2017-06-08 | GSE96563 | GEO
Project description:Islet-reactive T cells found in peripheral blood of type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects are thought to be involved in disease pathogenesis, but full understanding of their role is complicated by their presence also in blood of in healthy subjects. To elucidate their role in T1D, we have combined flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques to link prior antigen exposure, inferred from expanded TCR clonotypes, and functional capacities of islet antigen-reactive CD4+ memory T cells. We find that cells activated by pooled peptides from immunodominant islet antigens showed significantly higher clonotype sharing within recent onset T1D subjects than in healthy individuals, consistent with in vivo T cell expansion during disease progression. There was no clonotype sharing between donors, indicating a predominance of TCRs with distinct or “private” specificities. Expanded clonotypes could be stable, as one was detected at repeat visits by spanning more than a year by one subject. We identified distinct IGRP peptides as the targets of expanded TCR clonotypes from two T1D subjects, thereby implicating this molecule as a trigger for CD4+ T cell expansion during T1D. Transcriptome profiles of cells from T1D and healthy subjects differed, particularly in cells having the most highly expanded TCR clonotypes. As a group, cells with the most highly expanded TCR clonotypes showed Th2-like phenotypes, but at the single cell level there was phenotypic heterogeneity within and between donors. Our findings demonstrate unique specificities and phenotypes of individual islet-reactive CD4+ memory T cells that have expanded during disease progression.
2017-06-08 | GSE96562 | GEO
Project description:Islet-reactive T cells found in peripheral blood of type 1 diabetes (T1D) subjects are thought to be involved in disease pathogenesis, but full understanding of their role is complicated by their presence also in blood of in healthy subjects. To elucidate their role in T1D, we have combined flow cytometry and single cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) techniques to link prior antigen exposure, inferred from expanded TCR clonotypes, and functional capacities of islet antigen-reactive CD4+ memory T cells. We find that cells activated by pooled peptides from immunodominant islet antigens showed significantly higher clonotype sharing within recent onset T1D subjects than in healthy individuals, consistent with in vivo T cell expansion during disease progression. There was no clonotype sharing between donors, indicating a predominance of TCRs with distinct or “private” specificities. Expanded clonotypes could be stable, as one was detected at repeat visits by spanning more than a year by one subject. We identified distinct IGRP peptides as the targets of expanded TCR clonotypes from two T1D subjects, thereby implicating this molecule as a trigger for CD4+ T cell expansion during T1D. Transcriptome profiles of cells from T1D and healthy subjects differed, particularly in cells having the most highly expanded TCR clonotypes. As a group, cells with the most highly expanded TCR clonotypes showed Th2-like phenotypes, but at the single cell level there was phenotypic heterogeneity within and between donors. Our findings demonstrate unique specificities and phenotypes of individual islet-reactive CD4+ memory T cells that have expanded during disease progression.
2017-06-08 | GSE96564 | GEO
Project description:T-cell landscape differences between cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) tumors in immune competent (SCC in IC) and immunocompromised organ transplant recipients (TSCC in OTR) are unclear. We developed an analytical method to define tumor infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) phenotype in cSCC from immune competent and immune suppressed patients using single-cell TCR sequencing and gene expression data. TSCC exhibits reduced proportions of cytotoxic and naïve TILs and similar numbers of regulatory TILs. Fewer, more heterogeneous TCR clonotypes are observed in TIL from OTR. Most TCR sequences for top ten clonotypes correspond to known antigens, while 24% correspond to putative neoantigens. OTR show increased cSCC events over 12 months possibly due to reduced cytotoxic T-cells. Our novel method of barcoding CD8+ T-cells is the first providing gene expression and TCR sequences in cSCC. Knowledge regarding putative antigens recognized by TCRs with phenotypic function of T-cells bearing those TCRs could facilitate personalized cSCC treatments.
2020-06-03 | GSE145328 | GEO
Project description:Background: T-cell receptor (TCR) stimulation is essential to complete differentiation of tumor-infiltrating regulatory T cells (T-Tregs). Therefore, elucidation of TCR-dependent regulatory network involved in activation and proliferation of T-Tregs will facilitate discovery of novel antitumor remedy. Here, we investigated transcriptional features specific for antigen-reactive Tregs by harnessing single-cell RNA and TCR analyses of human Tregs derived from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Assuming Tregs undergo clonal expansion in response to antigens, we sought for transcriptional features specific for antigen-reactive Tregs by comparing gene expression of Tregs with unique TCR clonotypes and those with expanded TCR clonotypes. To verify the identified molecule, multiplex immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were used. Results: We found that the proportion of Tregs with expanded clonotypes was much higher in the tumor than in the periphery blood. We also found that T-Tregs with shared clonotypes were transcriptionally more similar to each other than to those with different clonotypes. Finally, we identified SYNGR2, TNFRSF18, DUSP4, and CTLA4 as core signature genes for T-Tregs with expanded clonotypes and confirmed their existences expressed on human T-Tregs. Interestingly, T-Treg-specific co-regulatory network revealed that SYNGR2, TNFRSF18 and DUSP4 are potential coordinators between TCR-dependent activation and cell proliferation. Conclusions: Our study shed light on regulatory insights of TCR-dependent Treg activation and differentiation in tumor and therapeutic strategies for patients with NSCLC.
2023-01-01 | GSE164146 | GEO