Single cell sequencing reveals the immunosuppressive trajectory in the tumor microenvironment of human giant cell tumor of bone
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE254672 | GEO | 2024/09/30
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Denosumab (DMAB), a human monoclonal antibody against the receptor activator of the nuclear factor-kappa B ligand, is used for the treatment for unresectable giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB). However, little is known about the molecular and functional characteristics of GCTB-infiltrating lymphocytes after DMAB treatment. Here, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing and immunostaining assays to delineate the immune landscape of GCTB in the presence and absence of DMAB. We found that exhausted CD8+ T cells were preferentially enriched in DMAB-treated GCTB. A distinct M2-skewed type of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) comprises the majority of GCTB TAMs. We identified cytokines, including interleukin-10, and inhibitory receptors of M2 TAMs as important mediators of CD8+ T cell exhaustion. We further revealed that DMAB treatment notably increased the expression levels of periostin (POSTN) in GCTB cells. Furthermore, POSTN expression was transcriptionally regulated by c-FOS signaling and correlated with GCTB recurrence in patients after DMAB treatment. Collectively, our findings reveal that CD8+ T-cells undergo unappreciated exhaustion during DMAB therapy and that GCTB cell-derived POSTN educates TAMs and establishes a microenvironmental niche that facilitates GCTB recurrence.
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Project description:While transcription as regulated by histones and their post-translational modifications have been well described, the connection between histone variants and changes to transcription remains poorly characterized. Potentially important insight into this process is provided by the frequently occurring mutations of H3.3, leading to G34 substitutions in childhood glioblastoma and giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB). In this study, we have established primary cell lines from GCTB patients and used them to uncover the influence on cellular growth behavior, gene expression, and chromatin compaction. The primary cells with G34W show increased colony formation, infiltration and proliferation, hallmarks in aggressive tumor development. Isogenic cell lines with G34W recapitulated the increased proliferation observed in primary cells. Transcriptomic analysis of primary cells and biopsies suggest that most genes are downregulated, which is also reflected in increased chromatin compaction. We identified components of the spliceosome complex specifically interacting with G34W in established isogenic cell lines with a GFP-tagged H3.3. RNA-sequencing analysis and hybridization-based validations further enforced splicing aberrations. Our data uncover a role in RNA processing and chromatin modulation that is blocked by G34W, potentially driving the tumorigenic process in GCTB.
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Project description:While transcription as regulated by histones and their post-translational modifications have been well described, the connection between histone variants and changes to transcription remains poorly characterized. Potentially important insight into this process is provided by the frequently occurring mutations of H3.3, leading to G34 substitutions in childhood glioblastoma and giant cell tumor of the bone (GCTB). In this study, we have established primary cell lines from GCTB patients and used them to uncover the influence on cellular growth behavior, gene expression, and chromatin compaction. The primary cells with G34W show increased colony formation, infiltration and proliferation, hallmarks in aggressive tumor development. Isogenic cell lines with G34W recapitulated the increased proliferation observed in primary cells. Transcriptomic analysis of primary cells and biopsies suggest that most genes are downregulated, which is also reflected in increased chromatin compaction. We identified components of the spliceosome complex specifically interacting with G34W in established isogenic cell lines with a GFP-tagged H3.3. RNA-sequencing analysis and hybridization-based validations further enforced splicing aberrations. Our data uncover a role in RNA processing and chromatin modulation that is blocked by G34W, potentially driving the tumorigenic process in GCTB.
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