RNA-sequencing reveals novel molecular mechanisms of endometriosis lesion development in a mouse model
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Our understanding of molecular mechanisms contributing to the pathophysiology of endometriosis, and their upstream regulators, remains limited. Using a C57Bl/6 mouse model of endometriosis in which decidualized endometrial tissue fragments are transferred to subcutaneous sites in recipient mice to mimic endometriosis lesions, we have generated a comprehensive profile of gene expression in decidualized endometrial tissue (n=4), and endometriosis-like lesions at Day 7 (n=4) and Day 14 (n=4) of lesion formation. High throughput mRNA sequencing allowed identification of genes and pathways involved in the initiation and progression of endometriosis-like lesions. We found distinct patterns of gene expression with substantial differences between the lesions and the decidualized endometrium from which they arose, but no differentially expressed genes between the two lesion timepoints. The transcriptional changes at the outset of lesion formation indicated substantial upregulation of immune response-associated canonical pathways. Pathway enrichment analysis indicates multiple potential endogenous upstream regulators, and reveals multiple gene candidates not previously implicated in endometriosis lesion formation suggesting these mediators may have novel roles in disease progression. Collectively, the provided data will be a valuable resource to inform research on the molecular mechanisms contributing to endometriosis development.
Project description:Endometriosis is a common gynecological disease that affects 10-20% of women in child-bearing age. It is defined by the presence of endometrial tissues outside the uterus. The causes remain elusive, but the endometrium of these patients differs profoundly from that of disease-free subjects. During pregnancy, the maternal-fetal interface is built onto decidualized endometrium. We investigated whether this interface is normal when the subjects suffer of endometriosis and showed remarkly properties of eutopic endometrium from endometriosis-affected women to spontaneously develop endometriotic-like lesions within direct contact to non-uterine tissues.
Project description:Endometriosis is a common gyncological disease that affects 10-20% of women in child-bearing age. It is defined by the presence of endometrial tissues outside the uterus. The causes remain elusive, but the endometrium of these patients differs profoundly from that of disease-free subjects. During pregnancy, the maternal-fetal interface is built onto decidualized endometrium. We investigated whether this interface is normal when the subjects suffer of endometriosis and showed remarkly properties of eutopic endometrium from endometriosis-affected women to spontaneously develop endometriotic-like lesions within direct contact to non-uterine tissues.
Project description:Endometriosis, a benign inflammatory disease whereby endometrial-like tissue grows outside the uterus, is a risk factor for endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers. In particular, ovarian endometriomas, cystic lesions of deeply invasive endometriosis, are considered the precursor lesion for ovarian clear-cell carcinoma (OCCC). To explore the transcriptomic landscape, OCCC from women with pathology-proven concurrent endometriosis (n = 4) were compared to benign endometriomas (n = 4) by bulk RNA and small-RNA sequencing.
Project description:We performed gene expression analysis human peritoneal endometriosis lesions, eutopic endometrium from endometriosis patients and peritoneum form endometriosis patients.The goal of the study was to analyse gene expression differences between peritoneal endometriosis lesion and eutopic endometrium and peritoneal endometriosis lesion and peritoneum.
Project description:It is hypothesized that impaired endometrial decidualization contributes to decreased fertility in endometriosis patients. To identify the molecular defects that underpin defective decidualization in endometriosis, we subjected endometrial stromal cells from healthy individuals or with endometriosis to time course in vitro decidualization with estradiol, progesterone, and 8-bromo-cyclic-AMP (EPC) for 2, 4, 6, or 8 days. Transcriptomic profiling identified novel differences in key pathways between normal and endometriosis, including defective bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling (ID1, ID2, ID3, BMP6), altered iron transport (SLC40A1, TFRC), endometrial stem cell markers (CD44, SUSD2), and retinoid signaling pathways (RORB, ALDH1L1, RARA). Genome-wide binding analyses identified an altered genomic distribution of SMAD4 in decidualized stromal cells from endometriosis patients relative to normal individuals, with an overrepresentation of gene ontologies related to signaling by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptors (NTRK), and nerve growth factor (NGF)-stimulated transcription. We found that direct SMAD1/5/4 target genes control FOXO, PI3K/AKT, and progesterone-mediated signaling in decidualizing cells and that BMP2 supplementation of patient-derived assembloids from endometriosis patients restored decidualization. In summary, transcriptomic and genomic profiling of patient-derived endometrial cells and assembloids identified that restoring BMP/SMAD1/5/4 signaling is crucial for engaging a robust decidualization program in women with endometriosis.
Project description:It is hypothesized that impaired endometrial decidualization contributes to decreased fertility in endometriosis patients. To identify the molecular defects that underpin defective decidualization in endometriosis, we subjected endometrial stromal cells from healthy individuals or with endometriosis to time course in vitro decidualization with estradiol, progesterone, and 8-bromo-cyclic-AMP (EPC) for 2, 4, 6, or 8 days. Transcriptomic profiling identified novel differences in key pathways between normal and endometriosis, including defective bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling (ID1, ID2, ID3, BMP6), altered iron transport (SLC40A1, TFRC), endometrial stem cell markers (CD44, SUSD2), and retinoid signaling pathways (RORB, ALDH1L1, RARA). Genome-wide binding analyses identified an altered genomic distribution of SMAD4 in decidualized stromal cells from endometriosis patients relative to normal individuals, with an overrepresentation of gene ontologies related to signaling by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptors (NTRK), and nerve growth factor (NGF)-stimulated transcription. We found that direct SMAD1/5/4 target genes control FOXO, PI3K/AKT, and progesterone-mediated signaling in decidualizing cells and that BMP2 supplementation of patient-derived assembloids from endometriosis patients restored decidualization. In summary, transcriptomic and genomic profiling of patient-derived endometrial cells and assembloids identified that restoring BMP/SMAD1/5/4 signaling is crucial for engaging a robust decidualization program in women with endometriosis.
Project description:It is hypothesized that impaired endometrial decidualization contributes to decreased fertility in endometriosis patients. To identify the molecular defects that underpin defective decidualization in endometriosis, we subjected endometrial stromal cells from healthy individuals or with endometriosis to time course in vitro decidualization with estradiol, progesterone, and 8-bromo-cyclic-AMP (EPC) for 2, 4, 6, or 8 days. Transcriptomic profiling identified novel differences in key pathways between normal and endometriosis, including defective bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling (ID1, ID2, ID3, BMP6), altered iron transport (SLC40A1, TFRC), endometrial stem cell markers (CD44, SUSD2), and retinoid signaling pathways (RORB, ALDH1L1, RARA). Genome-wide binding analyses identified an altered genomic distribution of SMAD4 in decidualized stromal cells from endometriosis patients relative to normal individuals, with an overrepresentation of gene ontologies related to signaling by transforming growth factor β (TGFβ), neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptors (NTRK), and nerve growth factor (NGF)-stimulated transcription. We found that direct SMAD1/5/4 target genes control FOXO, PI3K/AKT, and progesterone-mediated signaling in decidualizing cells and that BMP2 supplementation of patient-derived assembloids from endometriosis patients restored decidualization. In summary, transcriptomic and genomic profiling of patient-derived endometrial cells and assembloids identified that restoring BMP/SMAD1/5/4 signaling is crucial for engaging a robust decidualization program in women with endometriosis.
Project description:Endometriosis is a leading cause of pain and infertility affecting millions of women globally. Biological and genetic effects on DNA methylation (DNAm) can influence gene regulation and contribute to complex disease. Herein, we characterize variation in endometrial DNAm and its association with menstrual cycle phase, endometriosis, and genetic variants through analysis of genome-wide genotype data and methylation at 759,345 DNAm sites in endometrial samples from 984 deeply-phenotyped participants. We estimate that 15.4% of the variation in endometriosis is captured by DNAm and identify significant differences in DNAm profiles and DNAm networks, associated with endometriosis, endometriosis sub-phenotypes and menstrual cycle phase, including opening of the window for embryo implantation. DNAm quantitative trait locus (mQTL) analysis identified 118,185 independent cis-mQTLs including 51 associated with risk of endometriosis highlighting candidate genes contributing to disease risk. Our work provides functional evidence for epigenetic targets contributing to endometriosis risk and pathogenesis. Data generated serve as a valuable resource for understanding tissue-specific effects of methylation on endometrial biology in health and disease.
Project description:The development and progression of endometriotic lesions are poorly understood, but immune cell dysfunction and inflammation are closely associated with the pathophysiology of endometriosis. A lack of suitable 3D in vitro models permitting the study of interactions between cell types and the microenvironment is a contributing factor. To address this limitation, we developed endometriotic organoids (EO) to explore the role of epithelial-stromal interactions and model peritoneal cell invasion associated with lesion development (GSE202661). These organoids were compared to spontaneous endometriotic lesions from baboons (Papio anubis).
Project description:Endometriosis is a chronic, estrogen-dependent gynecological condition that affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. The most widely accepted theory of the etiology of endometriosis includes the process of retrograde menstruation, where menstrual effluent travels up the Fallopian tubes, accesses the peritoneal cavity, and in some people is able to establish endometriotic lesions. Recent reports suggest the uterus is not devoid of bacteria, as was once believed. Thus, the refluxed menstrual effluent may also carry bacteria along with it, and this bacteria has been suggested to contribute to inflammation, and establishment and growth of endometriotic lesions. Here, we sought to compare and contrast the uterine bacteria (endometrial microbiota) in women with surgically confirmed presence or absence of endometriosis using next-generation 16S rRNA gene sequencing. We obtained an average of more than 9000 sequence reads per endometrial biopsy, and found that the endometrial microbiota of women with endometriosis was more diverse (greater Shannon Diversity Index and greater proportion of ‘Other’ taxa) than that of symptomatic controls (women with pelvic pain, but with surgically confirmed absence of endometriosis; diagnosed with other benign gynecological conditions at surgery). The difference in endometrial microbiotas was supported in unsupervised cluster analyses where some clustering of endometrial microbiota by disease status (endometriosis vs. controls) was observed. The bacterial taxa enriched in the endometrial microbiota of women with endometriosis belonged to the Actinobacteria phylum, Oxalobacteraceae and Streptococcaceae families, and Tepidimonas genus, while those enriched in the symptomatic controls (without endometriosis) belonged to the Burkholderiaceae family, and Ralstonia genus. Taken together, our findings suggest the endometrial microbiota is perturbed in people with endometriosis.