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Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 is downregulated in Eimeria maxima-infected chickens

ABSTRACT: Avian coccidiosis is a major disease of poultry caused by the intestinal protozoa Eimeria. Aviagen line A and line B birds show differential susceptibility to Eimeria infection, with line B birds exhibiting higher lesion scores and mortality. The objective of this study was to examine differential intestinal gene expression between line A and B chicks in response to a challenge with Eimeria maxima. Following challenge with 1 x 10^4 oocysts/chick, greater than 40% of line A chicks had lesion scores of 0 to 1 (on 0 to 4 scale), similar to controls. In contrast, all line B challenged chicks at this same dose had lesion scores of 2 to 4.

ORGANISM(S): Gallus gallus

PROVIDER: GSE25588 | GEO | 2011/07/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA134225

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide-2 is downregulated in Eimeria maxima-infected chickens

Project description:Avian coccidiosis is a major disease of poultry caused by the intestinal protozoa Eimeria. Aviagen line A and line B birds show differential susceptibility to Eimeria infection, with line B birds exhibiting higher lesion scores and mortality. The objective of this study was to examine differential intestinal gene expression between line A and B chicks in response to a challenge with Eimeria maxima. Following challenge with 1 x 10^4 oocysts/chick, greater than 40% of line A chicks had lesion scores of 0 to 1 (on 0 to 4 scale), similar to controls. In contrast, all line B challenged chicks at this same dose had lesion scores of 2 to 4. Total RNA was extracted from the jejunum of control and challenged chicks from both lines A and B. Microarrays were used for detecting the expression-changed genes which responsed to the Eimeria challenge. Samples included: four control A chicks, two challenged A chicks with a lesion score of 1 (A/LS1), two challenged A chicks with lesion scores of 3 to 4 (A/LS3-4), four control B chicks, two challenged B chicks with lesion scores of 2 (B/LS2-3) and two challenged B chicks with lesion scores of 4 (B/LS4). The DNA microarrays were processed at the Virginia Bioinformatics Institute (Virginia Tech) core facility. The raw array data were normalized using GC-robust multiple array (GC-RMA) normalization. Analysis of variance was used for differentially expressed genes based on Welch ANOVA (P < 0.05) and probe set lists were ordered using the fold change analysis provided by GeneSpring software.

2011-07-01 | E-GEOD-25588 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Intestinal development in two divergent chicken lines (X and Y)

Project description:The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of genotypic variation on both early microbial colonization of the gut and functional development of intestinal tissue. From two genetically diverse chicken lines intestinal content samples were taken for microbiota analyzes and intestinal tissue samples were extracted for gene expression analyzes, both at three subsequent time-points (days 0, 4, and 16). 1-day-old chicks (Lines X and Y) were housed in a floor pen system in which the chicks had ad libitum access to feed and water. At days 0, 4 and 16, 80 birds of each line X and line Y were sacrificed for tissue sampling, in total 240 birds per line. Subsequently, samples from these 80 birds were pooled in 8 pools of ten birds.

2016-01-14 | E-GEOD-65042 | biostudies-arrayexpress

The severity of infectious bursal disease in White Leghorn inbred chicken lines is associated with greater bursal inflammation in vivo and more rapid induction of pro-inflammatory responses following ex vivo stimulation of primary bursal cells.

Project description:Transcriptomics analysis reveals that severity of infectious bursal disease in White Leghorn inbred chicken lines is associated with greater bursal inflammation in vivo and more rapid induction of pro-inflammatory responses following ex vivo stimulation of primary bursal cells. In order to better understand differences in the outcome of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) infection, we inoculated very virulent (vv) IBDV into White Leghorn chickens from inbred line W that previously had over 24% mortality, and three inbred lines (15I, C.B4 and O) that previously had 0% mortality. Within each experimental group, some individuals experienced more severe disease than others but line 15I birds experienced milder disease based on average clinical scores, percentage of birds with gross pathology, average bursal lesion scores and average peak bursal virus titre. RNA-Seq analysis revealed that more severe disease was associated with a significant up-regulation of pathways involved in inflammation, cytoskeletal regulation by Rho GTPase, nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling, and Wnt signaling in the bursa. Primary bursal cells cultured from line W birds and stimulated ex vivo with LPS had a more rapid up-regulation of pro-inflammatory gene expression than cells from line 15I birds, and line W birds had a significantly greater percentage of KUL01+ macrophage cells in the BF than line 15I birds. We hypothesize that a more rapid induction of pro-inflammatory cytokine responses in line W birds causes excessive inflammation and clinical disease following IBDV infection compared to line 15I, and we suggest that pro-inflammatory pathways could be targeted to engineer more disease resistant birds in the future

2021-06-02 | GSE166026 | GEO

Transcription profiling of chickens infected with Eimeria maxima or mock infected and then infected with E. maxima, E. acervulina or mock infected

Project description:Eimeria are obligate intracellular protozoan parasites which can affect chickens. After exposure to Eimeria chickens establish (partial) protective immunity to the homologues strain. In this paper we investigate the process responsible for Eimeria protection. In order to find host reactions specificly involved in protection to homologous re-infection we investigated the host reactions after primary infection and a homologous or heterologous secondary infection.<br><br>Broilers were mock infected or infected with E.maxima (Max) at one week of age. Two weeks later broilers were mock infected, infected with E.maxima or E.acervulina. Oocyst output, T-cell population and cytokine mRNA expression profiles and Eimeria DNA profiles were measured 2, 4 and 7 days pi. Specific regulation of gene expression profiles was monitored by a whole genome oligo-array containing 20.673 oligoï¾´s at 8 and 24 hours pi.<br><br>

2009-08-01 | E-MEXP-1972 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Eimeria maxima

Project description:Different development stages of Eimeria maxima precocious line and wild type Transcriptome

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Coordinated and contrasting maturation of phenotypically distinct strains of Eimeria maxima

Project description:Intraspecific phenotypic variation markedly influences the damage that parasites inflict on their hosts. Such is the case for strains of Eimeria maxima, a costly enteric parasite of poultry, where strain APU-1 exhibits greater pathogenicity than APU-2. Here, we examined how these strains differ as oocysts mature to the fully-sporulated stage. We performed mi-croscopy and RNA-Sequencing on oocysts at regular intervals (6-12 hours) during sporulation. Although each strain underwent parallel development, APU-1 initially approached maturation more slowly. Each strain achieved full sporu-lation and similar transcription profiles by hour 36, after which strains appeared to diverge. These differences may in-fluence subsequent virulence. Candidate biomarkers of oocyst viability include 58 genes contributing at least 1,000 Transcripts Per Million throughout sporulation. Many genes resemble constitutively expressed genes also important to Eimeria acervulina. Mature and immature oocysts differentially express certain genes. Expression of some such bi-omarkers appears strain-specific. These data illuminate processes that may generally underlie sporulation in Eimeria and related genera, such as Cyclospora, and identify biological processes which differentiate among them. Drivers of devel-opment and senescence may provide tools to assess the viability of oocysts, which would greatly benefit the poultry industry and food safety applications.

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Comparative analysis of Gallus gallus cecal epithelia following Eimeria tenella infection

Project description:Relative expression levels of mRNAs in chicken cecal epithelia experimentally infected with Eimeria tenella were measured at 4.5 days post-infection. Two weeks old chickens were uninfected (negative control) or were orally inoculated with sporulated oocysts of Eimeria tenella. Cecal epithelia samples were collected from >12 birds in infected or uninfected group at 4.5 d following infections, in which samples from 4 birds were pooled together to form a total 3 biological replicates in each group. Parasite merozoites were also collected from four infected chickens at 5 d after infections. Uninfected control samples, merozoites and infection group samples were selected for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. We used Affymetrix GeneChip chicken genome arrays to detail the chicken cecal epithelia gene expression in the control and E. tenella-infected birds.

2012-12-10 | GSE39602 | GEO

Avian duodenum tissues: primary vs. secondary E. acervulina infected

Project description:Global transcriptional responses in duodenal intestinal epithelia of chickens following primary and secondary Eimeria acervulina infections. Simple loop hybridization (day 0 vs. days 1-2, days 1-2 vs. 3-4, days 3-4 vs. 5-6, and days 5-6 vs. 7-8) per primary or secondary infections.

2010-05-18 | E-GEOD-16230 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Sequencing of LPS-stimulated immune cells from chicken

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2015-01-19 | E-MTAB-2996 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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