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MCL‑1 is essential for hair growth by preventing BAK‑mediated apoptosis of activated adult hair follicle stem cells

ABSTRACT: Hair follicles (HFs) cycle between expansion, regression and quiescence. To investigate the role of MCL-1, a BCL-2 family protein with anti-apoptotic and non-apoptotic functions in this dynamic process, we delete Mcl-1 within the skin epithelium, using both constitutive and inducible systems. Mcl-1 deletion does not impair HF organogenesis but results in gradual hair loss and HF stem cells (HFSC) elimination. Single-cell RNA-seq profiling unveils activated DNA repair and P53 signaling pathways in HFSCs during hair regeneration. Acute Mcl-1 deletion led to the depletion of activated HFSCs. Moreover, the ERBB pathway is found to promote MCL-1 protein expression in HFs. Accordingly, ERBB inhibition depletes activated HFSCs in adult mice. Remarkably, the loss of a single Bak allele rescues Mcl-1 deletion-associated defects in both HFs and mammary glands. These findings emphasize the pivotal role of MCL-1 in inhibiting proliferation stress-induced apoptosis when quiescent stem cells re-enter cell cycling to fuel tissue regeneration.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE256251 | GEO | 2025/02/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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