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Project description:The mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), situated in the ventral hypothalamus, directs daily cellular and physiological 24-hr rhythms across the body. The cell-autonomous timing mechanism is based on a self-sustaining transcriptional-translational feedback loop (TTFL) that in turn co-ordinates the expression of clock-controlled genes (CCGs) that direct circadian programmes of SCN cellular activity. In the mouse, the transcription factor, ZFHX3 (zinc finger homeobox-3), is necessary for the development of the SCN and influences circadian behaviour in the adult. The molecular mechanisms by which ZFHX3 affects the SCN at transcriptome and genome levels are, however, poorly defined. Here, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) to map the genomic localization of ZFHX3 sites in the SCN. In parallel, we conducted a comprehensive SCN RNA sequencing at six distinct times-of-day, and then compared the transcriptional profile between the control and ZFHX3-conditional null mutants. We show that the genome wide occupancy of ZFHX3 occurs predominantly around the gene transcription start site (TSS), co-localizing with the known histone modifications, and preferentially partnering with the core-clock TFs (CLOCK, BMAL1) to regulate the clock gene(s) transcription. Correspondingly, we show that the conditional loss of ZFHX3 in the adult has a dramatic effect on the SCN transcriptome, reducing the level of neuropeptides-encoding transcripts and abolishing rhythmic (24-h) oscillation of the clock TF, Bmal1. In addition, various TTFL genes and CCGs exhibited altered circadian expression profiles, consistent with the advanced daily behaviour under 12hr light- 12hr dark conditions. Taken together, these findings reveal the extensive genome-wide regulation conferred by ZFHX3 in the central clock that orchestrates daily timekeeping in mammals.
2025-03-01 | GSE261430 | GEO
Project description:The mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), situated in the ventral hypothalamus, directs daily cellular and physiological 24-hr rhythms across the body. The cell-autonomous timing mechanism is based on a self-sustaining transcriptional-translational feedback loop (TTFL) that in turn co-ordinates the expression of clock-controlled genes (CCGs) that direct circadian programmes of SCN cellular activity. In the mouse, the transcription factor, ZFHX3 (zinc finger homeobox-3), is necessary for the development of the SCN and influences circadian behaviour in the adult. The molecular mechanisms by which ZFHX3 affects the SCN at transcriptome and genome levels are, however, poorly defined. Here, we used chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP-seq) to map the genomic localization of ZFHX3 sites in the SCN. In parallel, we conducted a comprehensive SCN RNA sequencing at six distinct times-of-day, and then compared the transcriptional profile between the control and ZFHX3-conditional null mutants. We show that the genome wide occupancy of ZFHX3 occurs predominantly around the gene transcription start site (TSS), co-localizing with the known histone modifications, and preferentially partnering with the core-clock TFs (CLOCK, BMAL1) to regulate the clock gene(s) transcription. Correspondingly, we show that the conditional loss of ZFHX3 in the adult has a dramatic effect on the SCN transcriptome, reducing the level of neuropeptides-encoding transcripts and abolishing rhythmic (24-h) oscillation of the clock TF, Bmal1. In addition, various TTFL genes and CCGs exhibited altered circadian expression profiles, consistent with the advanced daily behaviour under 12hr light- 12hr dark conditions. Taken together, these findings reveal the extensive genome-wide regulation conferred by ZFHX3 in the central clock that orchestrates daily timekeeping in mammals.
2025-03-01 | GSE261429 | GEO
Project description:Zinc finger homeobox-3 (ZFHX3) exerts genome-wide regulation of dailygene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus
| PRJNA1089097 | ENA
Project description:Zinc finger homeobox-3 (ZFHX3) exerts genome-wide regulation of dailygene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus [RNA-seq]
| PRJNA1086932 | ENA
Project description:Zinc finger homeobox-3 (ZFHX3) exerts genome-wide regulation of dailygene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus [ChIP-seq]
| PRJNA1086934 | ENA
Project description:A protein altering variant in the gene encoding zinc finger homeobox-3 (ZFHX3) has recently been associated with lower BMI in a human genome-wide association study. We investigated metabolic parameters in mice harboring a missense mutation in Zfhx3 (Zfhx3Sci/+ ) and looked for altered in situ expression of transcripts that are associated with energy balance in the hypothalamus to understand how ZFHX3 may influence growth and metabolic effects. One-year-old male and female Zfhx3Sci/+ mice weighed less, had shorter body length, lower fat mass, smaller mesenteric fat depots, and lower circulating insulin, leptin, and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) concentrations than Zfhx3+/+ littermates. In a second cohort of 9-20-week-old males and females, Zfhx3Sci/+ mice ate less than wildtype controls, in proportion to body weight. In a third cohort of female-only Zfhx3Sci/+ and Zfhx3+/+ mice that underwent metabolic phenotyping from 6 to 14 weeks old, Zfhx3Sci/+ mice weighed less and had lower lean mass and energy expenditure, but fat mass did not differ. We detected increased expression of somatostatin and decreased expression of growth hormone-releasing hormone and growth hormone-receptor mRNAs in the arcuate nucleus (ARC). Similarly, ARC expression of orexigenic neuropeptide Y was decreased and ventricular ependymal expression of orphan G protein-coupled receptor Gpr50 was decreased. We demonstrate for the first time an energy balance effect of the Zfhx3Sci mutation, likely by altering expression of key ARC neuropeptides to alter growth, food intake, and energy expenditure.
| S-EPMC7615594 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The previous genome-wide studies have shown that rs7193343 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in zinc finger homeobox 3 (ZFHX3) gene correlate with risk of atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the distribution of this SNP differs significantly among various populations. The present study was to investigate whether combined evidence shows the association between ZFHX3 rs7193343 SNP and the risk of AF in various populations.A systematic search of all studies published through Dec 2014 was conducted using the Medline, Embase, WanFang, ScienceDirect, CNKI, and OVID databases. The case-control studies that evaluated an association between rs7193343 SNP and risk of AF were identified. The association between the ZFHX3 rs7193343 SNP and AF susceptibility was assessed using genetic models.We collected 10 comparisons from six studies for rs7193343 SNP, including 1037 cases and 4310 controls in Asian, 5583 cases and 38215 controls in Caucasian, and then performed an updated meta-analysis and subgroup analysis based on ethnicity. In overall population, the occurrence of AF was found to be associated with T-allelic of rs7193343 SNP in ZFHX3 (OR =1.17, 95% CI 1.10-1.26). In subgroup analysis, we observed there was significant association between T-allele of rs7193343 and risk of AF in Caucasian subgroups (OR =1.20, 95% CI 1.12-1.30), but no statistically significance (OR?=?1.07, 95% CI 0.92-1.24) in Asian population.In Caucasian population, genetic variant rs7193343 SNP is associated with risk of AF in Caucasian population. However, no association is found in Asian population based on the current evidence. Further studies with larger sample size involving case-control populations with multiple ethnics are still required in the future.
| S-EPMC4480884 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is a mammalian central circadian pacemaker. This nucleus develops in the last stage of fetal life and matures to make strong synaptic connections within 2 weeks of postnatal life to establish strong oscillation characteristics. To identify factors that initiate the circadian oscillation, we applied a differential display PCR method to developing SCN, and isolated a gene with seven zinc-finger motifs, Lot1, which encodes a gene that appeared at a very high level in the SCN during the early postnatal days. Lot1 mRNA first appeared at postnatal day 1 (P1) at a very high level, and the signal in the SCN continued to be very high until P10 and thereafter rapidly decreased until P20 and was expressed at a very faint level during adulthood. Lot1 mRNA expression was observed only in neurons of the dorsomedial SCN throughout the course of development. During the developmental stage, Lot1 mRNA expression shows a circadian rhythm with a peak in the day time and a trough at night time in both light-dark and constant dark conditions. These observations imply that Lot1 is the first identified putative transcription factor expressed only in the period of active synaptogenesis in the SCN, where Lot1 might play a role in establishing autonomous oscillation.
| S-EPMC6782971 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The mammalian pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) contains a population of neural oscillators capable of sustaining cell-autonomous rhythms in gene expression and electrical firing. A critical question for understanding pacemaker function is how SCN oscillators are organized into a coherent tissue capable of coordinating circadian rhythms in behavior and physiology. Here we undertake a comprehensive analysis of oscillatory function across the SCN of the adult PER2::LUC mouse by developing a novel approach involving multi-position bioluminescence imaging and unbiased computational analyses. We demonstrate that there is phase heterogeneity across all three dimensions of the SCN that is intrinsically regulated and extrinsically modulated by light in a region-specific manner. By investigating the mechanistic bases of SCN phase heterogeneity, we show for the first time that phase differences are not systematically related to regional differences in period, waveform, amplitude, or brightness. Furthermore, phase differences are not related to regional differences in the expression of arginine vasopressin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, two key neuropeptides characterizing functionally distinct subdivisions of the SCN. The consistency of SCN spatiotemporal organization across individuals and across planes of section suggests that the precise phasing of oscillators is a robust feature of the pacemaker important for its function.
| S-EPMC3017566 | biostudies-literature
Project description:BackgroundGenes in the CCCH family encode zinc finger proteins containing the motif with three cysteines and one histidine residues. They have been known to play important roles in RNA processing as RNA-binding proteins in animals. To date, few plant CCCH proteins have been studied functionally.ResultsIn this study, a comprehensive computational analysis identified 68 and 67 CCCH family genes in Arabidopsis and rice, respectively. A complete overview of this gene family in Arabidopsis was presented, including the gene structures, phylogeny, protein motifs, and chromosome locations. In addition, a comparative analysis between these genes in Arabidopsis and rice was performed. These results revealed that the CCCH families in Arabidopsis and rice were divided into 11 and 8 subfamilies, respectively. The gene duplication contributed to the expansion of the CCCH gene family in Arabidopsis genome. Expression studies indicated that CCCH proteins exhibit a variety of expression patterns, suggesting diverse functions. Finally, evolutionary analysis showed that one subfamily is higher plant specific. The expression profile indicated that most members of this subfamily are regulated by abiotic or biotic stresses, suggesting that they could have an effective role in stress tolerance.ConclusionOur comparative genomics analysis of CCCH genes and encoded proteins in two model plant species provides the first step towards the functional dissection of this emerging family of potential RNA-binding proteins.
| S-EPMC2267713 | biostudies-literature