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The innate immune regulator MyD88 dampens fibrosis during zebrafish heart regeneration

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. The innate immune response is triggered rapidly after injury and its spatiotemporal dynamics are critical for regeneration, but many questions remain about its exact role. Here we show that MyD88, a key component of the innate immune response, controls not only the inflammatory but also the fibrotic response during zebrafish cardiac regeneration. We find in cryoinjured myd88-/- ventricles a significant reduction in neutrophil and macrophage numbers as well as the expansion of a collagen-rich endocardial population. Further analyses reveal compromised PI3K/AKT pathway activation in the myd88-/- endocardium and increased myofibroblasts and scarring. Notably, endothelial-specific overexpression of myd88 reverses these neutrophil, fibrotic, and scarring phenotypes. Mechanistically, we identify the endocardial-derived chemokine gene cxcl18b as a target of the MyD88-signaling pathway, and using loss- and gain-of-function tools show that it controls neutrophil recruitment. Altogether, these findings shed light on the pivotal role of MyD88 in modulating inflammation and fibrosis during tissue regeneration.

ORGANISM(S): Danio rerio

PROVIDER: GSE262248 | GEO | 2024/07/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The innate immune regulator MyD88 dampens fibrosis during zebrafish heart regeneration (dst169)

Project description:The innate immune system is triggered rapidly after injury and its spatiotemporal dynamics are critical for successful regeneration. MyD88 is a key component of the innate immune response; however, its role during regeneration remains unclear. Here we show that MyD88 controls not only the inflammatory but also the fibrotic response during zebrafish cardiac regeneration. Our data reveal a significant reduction in pro-inflammatory neutrophil and macrophage populations, as well as the expansion of a collagen-rich endocardial population in cryoinjured myd88-/- ventricles. Consistent with these findings, we observed increased myofibroblasts, fibrin abundance, and scarring in myd88-/- ventricles. Transcriptomic analyses of endocardial cells and immunostaining experiments reveal compromised PI3K/AKT pathway activation in the myd88-/- endocardium. Moreover, loss of MyD88 impairs cardiomyocyte proliferation and protrusive activity towards the injured area. Notably, endothelial-specific overexpression of myd88 reverses the neutrophil, fibrotic, and scarring phenotypes in cryoinjured myd88-/- ventricles. Mechanistically, we identify the endocardial-derived chemokine gene cxcl18b as a transcriptional target of the MyD88-signaling axis and using loss- and gain-of-function tools show that it controls neutrophil recruitment. Altogether, these findings shed light on the pivotal role of MyD88 in modulating inflammation and fibrosis, thereby emphasizing the strong impact of the innate immune response during tissue regeneration.

2024-07-29 | GSE262247 | GEO

The innate immune regulator MyD88 dampens fibrosis during zebrafish heart regeneration

Project description:The innate immune response is triggered rapidly after injury and its spatiotemporal dynamics are critical for regeneration, but many questions remain about its exact role. Here we show that MyD88, a key component of the innate immune response, controls not only the inflammatory but also the fibrotic response during zebrafish cardiac regeneration. We find in cryoinjured myd88-/- ventricles a significant reduction in neutrophil and macrophage numbers as well as the expansion of a collagen-rich endocardial population. Further analyses reveal compromised PI3K/AKT pathway activation in the myd88-/- endocardium and increased myofibroblasts and scarring. Notably, endothelial-specific overexpression of myd88 reverses these neutrophil, fibrotic, and scarring phenotypes. Mechanistically, we identify the endocardial-derived chemokine gene cxcl18b as a target of the MyD88-signaling pathway, and using loss- and gain-of-function tools show that it controls neutrophil recruitment. Altogether, these findings shed light on the pivotal role of MyD88 in modulating inflammation and fibrosis during tissue regeneration.

2024-07-29 | GSE262351 | GEO

The innate immune regulator MyD88 dampens fibrosis during zebrafish heart regeneration (dst139)

2024-07-29 | GSE262169 | GEO

Injury-activated endocardium plays structural and signalling roles in zebrafish heart regeneration

Project description:The zebrafish heart remarkably regenerates after a severe ventricular damage followed by inflammation, fibrotic tissue deposition and removal concomitant with cardiac muscle replacement. We have investigated the role of the endocardium in this regeneration process. 3D-whole mount imaging in injured hearts revealed that GFP-labelled endocardial cells in ET33mi-60A transgenic fish become rapidly activated and highly proliferative at 3 days post cryoinjury (dpci). Endocardial cells extensively expand within the injury site and organize to form a coherent structure at 9 dpci that persists throughout the regeneration process. Upon injury, endocardial cells strongly up-regulate the Notch pathway ligand delta like4 (dll4) and the Notch receptors notch1b, notch2 and notch3. Expression profiling showed that Notch signalling inhibition affects endocardial gene expression and genes related to extracellular matrix remodelling and inflammation. Gain- and loss-of-function experiments revealed that Notch is required for the organization of the endocardium, attenuation of the inflammatory response and cardiomyocyte proliferation. These results demonstrate a novel structural and signalling role for the endocardium during heart regeneration.

2017-03-31 | GSE68650 | GEO

Endocardial identity is established during early somitogenesis by Bmp signalling acting upstream of npas4l and etv2

Project description:The endocardium plays important roles in the development and function of the vertebrate heart; however, few molecular markers of this tissue have been identified and little is known about what regulates its differentiation. Here, we describe the Gt(SAGFF27C); Tg(4xUAS:egfp) line as a marker of endocardial development in zebrafish. Transcriptomic comparison between endocardium and pan-endothelium confirms molecular distinction between these populations and time-course analysis suggests differentiation as early as eight somites. To investigate what regulates endocardial identity, we employed npas4l, etv2 and scl loss-of-function models. Endocardial expression is lost in npas4l mutants, significantly reduced in etv2 mutants and only modestly affected upon scl loss-of-function. Bmp signalling was also examined: overactivation of Bmp signalling increased endocardial expression, whereas Bmp inhibition decreased expression. Finally, epistasis experiments showed that overactivation of Bmp signalling was incapable of restoring endocardial expression in etv2 mutants. By contrast, overexpression of either npas4l or etv2 was sufficient to rescue endocardial expression upon Bmp inhibition. Together, these results describe the differentiation of the endocardium, distinct from vasculature, and place npas4l and etv2 downstream of Bmp signalling in regulating its differentiation.

2022-05-01 | GSE201611 | GEO

Myocardial Differentiation is Dependent upon Endocardial Signalling During Early Cardiogenesis in vitro

Project description:The endocardium interacts with the myocardium to promote proliferation and morphogenesis during the later stages of heart development. However, the role of the endocardium in early cardiac ontogeny remains under-explored. Given the shared origin, subsequent juxtaposition, and essential cell-cell interactions of endocardial and myocardial cells throughout heart development, we hypothesized that paracrine signaling from the endocardium to the myocardium is critical for initiating early differentiation of myocardial cells. To test this, we generated an in vitro, endocardial-specific ablation model using the diphtheria toxin receptor under the regulatory elements of the NFATc1 genomic locus (NFATc1-DTR) Early treatment of NFATc1-DTR embryoid bodies with diphtheria toxin efficiently ablated endocardial cells, which significantly attenuated the percent of beating EBs in culture and expression of early and late myocardial differentiation markers. The addition of Bmp2 during endocardial ablation partially rescued myocyte differentiation, maturation and function. Therefore, we conclude that early stages of myocardial differentiation rely on endocardial paracrine signaling mediated in part by Bmp2. Our findings provide novel insight into early endocardial-myocardial interactions that can be explored to promote early myocardial development and growth.

2019-05-01 | GSE119505 | GEO

Comparison of the expression profiles of kdrl:mCherry-positive cells in injured versus uninjured zebrafish cardiac ventricle and analysis of the expression prolife of postnb:citrin-positive cells upon injury compared to the rest of cardiac cells.

Project description:Contrary to mammals, zebrafish regenerate their heart upon cryoinjury of the cardiac ventricular apex. Regeneration is preceed by a fibrotic response. To understand the contribution of different cell sources to zebrafish cardiac fibrosis we performed an RNASeq including endocardial kdrl:mCherry cells from an uninjured heart, and activated endocardial kdrl:mCherry cells, postnb:citrine fibroblasts and the rest of the cells at 7 days post injury.

2018-03-21 | GSE101200 | GEO

Protein profiling of Aortic-Valvular and Endocardial endothelial cells using label-free proteomics

Project description:The variations in the protein profile of aortic-valvular (AVE) and endocardial endothelial (EE) cells are currently unknown. The current study's objective is to identify differentially expressed proteins and associated pathways in both endothelial cells. We used endothelial cells isolated from the porcine aortic valve and endocardium for the profiling of proteins. Label-free proteomics was performed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Our proteomics analysis revealed that 29 proteins were highly expressed, and 25 proteins were less represented in the valve than endocardial endothelium. The first part of the study was already available in the ProteomeXchange Consortium (PXD009194).

2022-02-17 | PXD025922 | Pride

Microarray using CD31+/CD41-/CD45- cells from E9.5 mouse heart tube, caudal half and yolk sac

Project description:Hematopoietic cells arise from spatiotemporally restricted domains in the developing embryo. Although studies of non-mammalian animal and in vitro embryonic stem cell models suggest a close relationship among cardiac, endocardial, and hematopoietic lineages, it remains unknown whether the mammalian heart tube serves as a hemogenic organ akin to the dorsal aorta. Here, we examined the hemogenic activity of the developing endocardium. Mouse heart explants generated myeloid and erythroid colonies in the absence of circulation. Hemogenic activity arose from a subset of endocardial cells in the outflow cushion and atria earlier than in the aorta-gonad-mesonephros region, and was transient and definitive in nature. Interestingly, key cardiac transcription factors, Nkx2-5 and Isl1, were expressed in and required for the hemogenic activity of the endocardium. Together, these data suggest that a subset of endocardial and yolk sac endothelial cells expressing cardiac markers serve as a de novo source for transient definitive hematopoietic progenitors. Two independent biological duplicates of freshly isolated mouse tissues (caudal half, heart tube, yolk sac) were sorted for CD31+/CD41-/CD45- cells.

2013-08-17 | E-GEOD-40260 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Single-Cell RNA-Seq and Patient-Specific iPSCs Reveal Endocardial Abnormalities in Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome

Project description:Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is one of the most devastating forms of congenital heart defects. Previous studies have only focused on intrinsic defects in the myocardium. However, this does not sufficiently explain the abnormal development of the cardiac valve, septum, and vasculature, which are known to originate from the endocardium. Here, using single-cell RNA profiling, induced pluripotent stem cells, and fetal heart tissue with an underdeveloped left ventricle, we identified a developmentally impaired endocardial cell population in HLHS. The intrinsic endocardial deficits contributed to abnormal endothelial to mesenchymal transition, NOTCH signaling, and extracellular matrix organization, all of which are key factors in valve formation. Consequentially, endocardial abnormalities conferred reduced proliferation and maturation of cardiomyocytes through a disrupted fibronectin-integrin interaction. Several known HLHS de novo mutations all contributed to the abnormal endocardial gene expression through the alteration of promoter/enhancer activities. These mechanistic discoveries provide an alternative angle for early intervention and heart regeneration in HLHS.

2020-08-17 | GSE138979 | GEO

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