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HuR promotes triglyceride synthesis and intestinal fat absorption

ABSTRACT: Triacylglyceride (TAG) synthesis in the small intestine determines the absorption of dietary fat, but the mechanisms underlying are largely unknown. Here, we report that the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) promotes TAG synthesis in the small intestine. HuR associates with the 3’UTR of Dgat2 mRNA and the introns 1 of Mgat2 pre-mRNA. Association of HuR with Dgat2 3’UTR stabilizes Dgat2 mRNA, while association of HuR with intron 1 of Mgat2 pre-mRNA promotes the processing of Mgat2 pre-mRNA. Intestinal epithelium-specific HuR knockout reduces the expression of DGAT2 and MGAT2, thereby reducing the dietary fat absorption through TAG synthesis and mitigating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity. Our findings highlight a critical role of HuR in promoting dietary fat absorption.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE262777 | GEO | 2024/04/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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HuR promotes triglyceride synthesis and intestinal fat absorption

Project description:Triacylglyceride (TAG) synthesis in the small intestine determines the absorption of dietary fat, but the mechanisms underlying are largely unknown. Here, we report that the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) promotes TAG synthesis in the small intestine. HuR associates with the 3’UTR of Dgat2 mRNA and the introns 1 of Mgat2 pre-mRNA. Association of HuR with Dgat2 3’UTR stabilizes Dgat2 mRNA, while association of HuR with intron 1 of Mgat2 pre-mRNA promotes the processing of Mgat2 pre-mRNA. Intestinal epithelium-specific HuR knockout reduces the expression of DGAT2 and MGAT2, thereby reducing the dietary fat absorption through TAG synthesis and mitigating high-fat diet (HFD)-induced non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity. Our findings highlight a critical role of HuR in promoting dietary fat absorption.

2024-01-10 | GSE252591 | GEO

HuR promotes triglyceride synthesis and intestinal fat absorption

Project description:HuR promotes triglyceride synthesis and intestinal fat absorption

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HuR promotes triglyceride synthesis and intestinal fat absorption

Project description:HuR promotes triglyceride synthesis and intestinal fat absorption

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Investigating NAFLD from RNA-seq data (human cell line Huh7) for samples under three treatments: low fat low sugar, low fat high sugar and high fat high sugar. Wild type samples are compared against DGAT2 knocked out.

Project description:Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major public health burden and it covers a spectrum of diseases. NAFLD starts with the accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) within hepatocytes (steatosis). Part of the challenge of studying the mechanistic processes involved in LD accumulation and their implications on the pathogenesis of human NAFLD is due to the available models. Investigating hepatic LDs in humans is challenging and relies on liver biopsies, meaning only cross-sectional data be obtained. On the other hand, LD patterns in in vitro models are poorly defined and rarely reported. Diacylgylcerol acyltransferase (DGAT)2 is one of two enzymes that carry out the final committed step in triacylglycerol (TAG) synthesis. It is unclear whether the enzymes are able to compensate for each other or whether they have distinct roles. It has been hypothesised that DGAT1 primarily utilises exogenous fatty acids and DGAT2 uses de novo-derived fatty acids. Given the important role of this enzyme in TAG synthesis and accumulation, the aims of this study are first to create a cellular model of intrahepatocellular TAG accumulation by manipulating nutritional substrates and to investigate intracellular metabolism in wildtype and DGAT2 knockout cells under these conditions. The experimental workflow for this study is as follows: Huh7 cells (either wild type or knockout) were grown in media containing 11 mM glucose and 2% human serum (HS) for seven days before additional sugars and fatty acids (FAs) were added for a further seven days. All treatments contained 11 mM glucose and 2% HS, either with 200 µM FAs (low fat low sugar; LFLS), 5.5 mM fructose + 200 µM FAs (low fat high sugar; LFHS) or 5.5 mM fructose + 800 µM FAs (high fat high sugar; HFHS). FA metabolism, lipid droplet characteristics and transcriptomic signatures were investigated.

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Saturated fat diet induces transintestinal cholesterol excretion in mice

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HuR (ELAVL1) RIP-chip and knockdown exon array

Project description:Integrative regulatory mapping indicates that the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) couples pre-mRNA processing and mRNA stability In this dataset, we employed two distinct experiments. 1) HuR RIP-chip to identify mRNA targets of HuR. 2) HuR knockdown to identify mRNAs whose expression are dependent on HuR.

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Transcription profiling of mouse small intestine from PlagL2-/- animals reveals transcription factor PlagL2 regulates steps in chylomicron metabolism

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Integrative regulatory mapping indicates that the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) couples pre-mRNA processing and mRNA stability [sequence data]

Project description:RNA-binding proteins coordinate the fates of multiple RNAs, but the principles underlying these global interactions remain poorly understood. We elucidated regulatory mechanisms of the RNA-binding protein HuR, by integrating data from diverse high-throughput targeting technologies, specifically PAR-CLIP, RIP-chip, and whole-transcript expression profiling. The number of binding sites per transcript, degree of HuR-association, and degree of HuR-dependent RNA stabilization were positively correlated. Pre-mRNA and mature mRNA containing both intronic and 3' UTR binding sites were more highly stabilized than transcripts with only 3' UTR or only intronic binding sites, suggesting that HuR couples pre-mRNA processing with mature mRNA stability. We also observed HuR-dependent splicing changes and substantial binding of HuR in poly-pyrimidine tracts of pre-mRNAs. Comparison of the spatial patterns surrounding HuR and miRNA binding sites provided functional evidence for HuR-dependent antagonism of proximal miRNA-mediated repression. We conclude that HuR coordinates gene expression outcomes at multiple interconnected steps of RNA processing.

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Integrative regulatory mapping indicates that the RNA-binding protein HuR (ELAVL1) couples pre-mRNA processing and mRNA stability [sequence data]

2011-08-19 | E-GEOD-29779 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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