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Replacement of Arabidopsis H2A.Z with human H2A.Z orthologs reveals extensive functional conservation and limited importance of the N-terminal tail sequence for Arabidopsis development (WT, h2a.z, h2a.z + AtHTA11 RNA-Seq)

ABSTRACT: To investigate the functional conservation of H2A.Z histones during eukaryotic evolution we transformed h2a.z deficient plants with three human H2A.Z proteins to assess their ability to rescue the mutant defects. We discovered that human H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2.1 fully complement the phenotypic abnormalities of h2a.z plants even though Arabidopsis and human H2A.Z N-terminal tail sequences are divergent, while the brain-specific splice variant H2A.Z.2.2 has a dominant-negative effect in wild-type plants. Furthermore, H2A.Z.1 almost completely re-establishes normal H2A.Z chromatin occupancy in h2a.z plants and restores the expression of more than 84 % of misexpressed genes. Finally, our hypothesis that the N-terminal tail of Arabidopsis H2A.Z is not crucial for its overall function was supported by the ability of N-terminal end truncations of Arabidopsis HTA11 to largely rescue the defects of h2a.z mutants.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE263310 | GEO | 2024/05/13

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Replacement of Arabidopsis H2A.Z with human H2A.Z orthologs reveals extensive functional conservation and limited importance of the N-terminal tail sequence for Arabidopsis development (WT, h2a.z + HsH2A.Z. RNA-Seq)

Project description:To investigate the functional conservation of H2A.Z histones during eukaryotic evolution we transformed h2a.z deficient plants with three human H2A.Z proteins to assess their ability to rescue the mutant defects. We discovered that human H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2.1 fully complement the phenotypic abnormalities of h2a.z plants even though Arabidopsis and human H2A.Z N-terminal tail sequences are divergent, while the brain-specific splice variant H2A.Z.2.2 has a dominant-negative effect in wild-type plants. Furthermore, H2A.Z.1 almost completely re-establishes normal H2A.Z chromatin occupancy in h2a.z plants and restores the expression of more than 84 % of misexpressed genes. Finally, our hypothesis that the N-terminal tail of Arabidopsis H2A.Z is not crucial for its overall function was supported by the ability of N-terminal end truncations of Arabidopsis HTA11 to largely rescue the defects of h2a.z mutants.

2024-05-13 | GSE263311 | GEO

Replacement of Arabidopsis H2A.Z with human H2A.Z orthologs reveals extensive functional conservation and limited importance of the N-terminal tail sequence for Arabidopsis development (ChIP-Seq)

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Project description:Replacement of Arabidopsis H2A.Z with human H2A.Z orthologs reveals extensive functional conservation and limited importance of the N-terminal tail sequence for Arabidopsis development (WT, h2a.z, h2a.z + AtHTA11 RNA-Seq)

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Genetic complementation analysis revealed distinct contributions of the N-terminal tail of H2A.Z to epigenetic regulations

Project description:The histone variant H2A.Z is one of the most evolutionally conserved histone variants. In vertebrates, two isoforms, H2A.Z.1 and H2A.Z.2, are identified and are involved in multiple epigenetic regulations. However, the role of H2A.Z in epigenetic regulations largely remains unknown especially in vertebrate. Previously, we derived tetracycline-inducible H2A.Z isofmrs double knockout (DKO) cells by using DT40 cells. With this cell, we showed that H2A.Z DKO leads to defects in mitotic progression and gene expression. To elucidate the function of H2A.Z further, we established genetic complementation system and confirmed that introducing exogenous H2A.Z complemented phenotypes of H2A.Z DKO cells. Given that acetylation of the N-terminal tail of H2A.Z reportedly contributes to significant roles in H2A.Z functions, we introduced two types of H2A.Z mutants, non-acetylable H2A.Z (5KR-H2A.Z) and chimeric H2A.Z in which its N-terminal tail is replaced with that of canonical H2A (H2A-H2A.Z), into H2A.Z DKO cells. These H2A.Z mutants complemented defects in mitotic progression. However, significant transcriptional dysregulation was observed in H2A.Z DKO cells stably expressing 5KR-H2A.Z and H2A-H2A.Z. These results suggest that the core domain and the N-terminal tail of the vertebrate H2A.Z contribute individually to mitotic progression and transcription regulation, respectively.

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Replacement of Arabidopsis H2A.Z with human H2A.Z orthologs reveals extensive functional conservation and limited importance of the N-terminal tail sequence for Arabidopsis development

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Replacement of Arabidopsis H2A.Z with human H2A.Z orthologs reveals extensive functional conservation and limited importance of the N-terminal tail sequence for Arabidopsis development (ChIP-Seq)

| PRJNA1096696 | ENA

Project description:In eukaryotes, DNA wraps around histones to form nucleosomes, which are compacted into chromatin. DNA-templated processes, including transcription, require chromatin disassembly and reassembly mediated by histone chaperones. Additionally, distinct histone variants can replace core histones to regulate chromatin structure and function. Although replacement of H2A with the evolutionarily conserved H2A.Z via the SWR1 histone chaperone complex has been extensively studied, in plants little is known about how a reduction of H2A.Z levels can be achieved. Here, we show that NRP proteins cause a decrease of H2A.Z-containing nucleosomes in Arabidopsis under standard growing conditions. nrp1-1 nrp2-2 double mutants show an over-accumulation of H2A.Z genome-wide, especially at heterochromatic regions normally H2A.Z-depleted in wild-type plants. Our work suggests that NRP proteins regulate gene expression by counteracting SWR1, thereby preventing excessive accumulation of H2A.Z.

2020-05-18 | PXD019248 | Pride

Methyl-CpG-binding domain 9 (MBD9) is required for H2A.Z incorporation into chromatin at a subset of H2A.Z-enriched regions in the Arabidopsis genome

Project description:The SWR1 chromatin remodeling complex, which deposits the histone variant H2A.Z into nucleosomes, has been characterized in yeast and animals but had not been purified from plants. We used the conserved SWR1 subunit ACTIN RELATED PROTEIN 6 (ARP6) as bait in tandem affinity purification experiments to isolate associated proteins from Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified all 11 subunits found in yeast SWR1 and the homologous mammalian SRCAP complexes, demonstrating that this complex is conserved in plants. We also identified several additional proteins not previously associated with SWR1, including Methyl-CpG-BINDING DOMAIN 9 (MBD9). Since mbd9 mutant plants were phenotypically similar to arp6 mutants, we further explored a potential role for MBD9 in H2A.Z deposition. We found that MBD9 is required for proper H2A.Z incorporation at thousands of discrete sites, which represent a subset of the regions normally enriched with H2A.Z. Genetic analyses showed that arp6;mbd9 double mutants have far more severe phenotypes than either single mutant. In conjunction with the finding that MBD9 does not appear to be a core subunit of the Arabidopsis SWR1 complex, this suggests that MBD9 also has important roles beyond H2A.Z deposition. Our data establish the SWR1 complex as being conserved across eukaryotes and also provide new insights into the mechanisms that target H2A.Z to chromatin.

2018-08-31 | GSE117391 | GEO

Effect of modified H2A.Z protein to gene expression in DT40 cells.

Project description:H2A.Z-nucleosomes participate in both euchromatin and heterochromatin and it has proven difficult to reveal how the disparate roles and stability features imparted by H2A.Z are connected. Using an in situ assay of nucleosome stability in nuclei of DT40 cells expressing engineered forms of the variant we show that H2A.Z is released from nucleosomes of peripheral heterochromatin at unusually high salt concentrations, compared to cells expressing C-terminally truncated H2A.Z. Binding of the tail-peptide (C9) to reconstituted nucleosomes, DNA and the nuclear lamina were detected. Upon treatment of HeLa nuclei with C9, the H2A.Z-nucleosomes assumed canonical stability, the peripheral heterochromatin became dispersed and overall nuclease sensitivity increased, recapitulating tail-dependent differences in DT40. When introduced into live cells, C9 elicited chromatin reorganization and transcriptional down-regulation of ~600 genes. Thus, large-scale epigenetic modulation can be achieved by targeting or making advantage of molecular interactions involving the C-terminal tail of H2A.Z.

2023-02-23 | GSE225680 | GEO

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