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Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics of human ovary: Molecular insights into signaling pathways underlying primary ovarian insufficiency in classic galactosemia [Spatial transcriptomics]

ABSTRACT: Classic galactosemia (CG) is a rare inborn error of galactose metabolism caused by mutations in GALT gene. Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a later complication that affects 80% of women with CG due to significant decline in ovarian follicle reserve. The definite mechanisms underlying the early onset of POI in CG patients is not fully understood. We utilized spatial transcriptomics from 10x Visium to generate spatial landscape of human ovaries from pre-pubertal girls with CG to investigate dynamic gene expression profiles in the ovarian follicles and stromal cells.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE268523 | GEO | 2025/02/19

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Single-nucleus and spatial transcriptomics of human ovary: Molecular insights into signaling pathways underlying primary ovarian insufficiency in classic galactosemia

Project description:Classic galactosemia (CG) is a rare inborn error of galactose metabolism caused by mutations in GALT gene. Primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a later complication that affects 80% of women with CG due to significant decline in ovarian follicle reserve. The definite mechanisms underlying the early onset of POI in CG patients is not fully understood. We utilized single-nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) to generate a single-nucleus transcriptomic atlas of human ovaries from pre-pubertal girls with CG to investigate dynamic gene expression profiles in ovarian follicles and stromal cells. Our snRNA-seq analysis revealed activation of several key genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum-stress and oxidative stress pathways which can promote apoptosis and autophagy of follicles. PTEN/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway crucial for primordial follicle activation and survival was dysregulated as evident by upregulated PTEN transcripts, marked reduction in phospho-AKT and increased CASP9 immunostaining intensity in the ovarian follicles of CG group.

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