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Schwann cell-secreted PGE2 promotes sensory neuron excitability during development [RNA-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Electrical excitability—the ability to fire and propagate action potentials—is a signature feature of neurons. How neurons become excitable during development and whether excitability is an intrinsic property of neurons or requires signaling from glial cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Schwann cells, the most abundant glia in the peripheral nervous system, promote somatosensory neuron excitability during development. We find that Schwann cells secrete prostaglandin E2, which is necessary and sufficient to induce developing somatosensory neurons to express normal levels of genes required for neuronal function, including voltage gated sodium channels, and to fire action potential trains. In this RNA-Seq study, we discovered that treating cultured DRG neurons with Schwann cell-conditioned media or PGE2 increased the expression of several genes required for neuronal maturation and excitability, including voltage-gated sodium channels.

ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus

PROVIDER: GSE268606 | GEO | 2024/06/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Schwann cell-secreted PGE2 promotes sensory neuron excitability during development [scRNAseq_Dataset1]

Project description:Electrical excitability—the ability to fire and propagate action potentials—is a signature feature of neurons. How neurons become excitable during development and whether excitability is an intrinsic property of neurons or requires signaling from glial cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Schwann cells, the most abundant glia in the peripheral nervous system, promote somatosensory neuron excitability during development. We find that Schwann cells secrete prostaglandin E2, which is necessary and sufficient to induce developing somatosensory neurons to express normal levels of genes required for neuronal function, including voltage gated sodium channels, and to fire action potential trains. In this scRNAseq study, we found that inactivating PGE2 synthesis in Schwann cells in vivo impaired somatosensory neuron maturation, with the most dramatic effects on nociceptor and proprioceptor somatosensory neuron subtypes.

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Schwann cell-secreted PGE2 promotes sensory neuron excitability during development [scRNAseq_Dataset2]

Project description:Electrical excitability—the ability to fire and propagate action potentials—is a signature feature of neurons. How neurons become excitable during development and whether excitability is an intrinsic property of neurons or requires signaling from glial cells remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that Schwann cells, the most abundant glia in the peripheral nervous system, promote somatosensory neuron excitability during development. We find that Schwann cells secrete prostaglandin E2, which is necessary and sufficient to induce developing somatosensory neurons to express normal levels of genes required for neuronal function, including voltage gated sodium channels, and to fire action potential trains. In this scRNAseq study, we found that inactivating PGE2 synthesis in Schwann cells, in vivo, impaired somatosensory neuron maturation, with the most dramatic effects on nociceptor and proprioceptor somatosensory neuron subtypes.

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Project description:Scn2a encodes voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.2, a main mediator of neuronal action potential firing. The current paradigm suggests that NaV1.2 gain-of-function variants enhance neuronal excitability resulting in epilepsy, whereas NaV1.2 deficiency impairs excitability contributing to autism. This paradigm, however, does not explain why 20~30% of patients with NaV1.2 deficiency still develop seizures. Here we report a counterintuitive finding that severe NaV1.2 deficiency results in increased neuronal excitability. Using a unique NaV1.2-deficient mouse model, we found enhanced intrinsic excitabilities of principal neurons in the prefrontal cortex and striatum, brain regions known to be involved in Scn2a-related seizures. This increased excitability is autonomous, and is reversible by the genetic restoration of Scn2a expression in adult mice. RNA-sequencing revealed that the downregulation of multiple potassium channels including KV1.1, and KV channel openers alleviated hyperexcitability of NaV1.2-deficient neurons. This unexpected neuronal hyperexcitability may serve as a cellular basis underlying NaV1.2 deficiency-related seizures.

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N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors mediate activity-dependent down-regulation of potassium channel genes during the expression of homeostatic intrinsic plasticity

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